Formation of the harvest and sowing qualities of spring wheat seeds, depending on different seed size and uniformity in the forest-of Kama of Volga steppe zone

10.12737/1381 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Сафин ◽  
Ayrat Safin ◽  
Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Шайхутдинов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
State Register ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Seedbed Preparation

In the Republic of Tatarstan the seeding rate, included the state register of varieties of spring wheat is studied in detail. Improving farming, zoning strong new varieties of wheat and the introduction of various methods of seedbed preparation calls for further study of the issue. Of particular importance this issue is of importance in the study of particle size and uniformity of seed. The seeds have long been considered the foundation of the next harvest, the farmers have always paid great attention to quality. While in the farms of the republic is not in all the years the seeds of spring wheat crop had high quality. Cultivation technology should be aimed at ensuring the development of high levels of sowing qualities of seeds (germination energy, germination rate, the strength of growth, the number of primary roots). In this connection, along with other techniques, we studied the process of formation of seeds at different size and uniformity of spring wheat. In the overall system of measures, aimed at increasing the yield of spring wheat crop, great importance is given to high-quality seeds with optimum seeding rate.

scholarly journals Agroecological effi ciency of organic fertilizers’ placement methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
A. S. Sotpa ◽  
T. F. Zharova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Chestnut Soil ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bare Fallow ◽  
Green Manure Crops

The results of studies on the effect of bare and green-manured fallow (melilot, peas, peas + oats), as well as methods of placing green manure crops and manure (plowed to a depth of 18–20 cm and cultivated at 8–10 cm) on the fertility and productivity of dark chestnut soil are presented. Field experiment took place in the steppe zone of the Republic of Tuva. The weather conditions during the study period were noted as characteristic for the conditions of the steppe zone: 2016 and 2017 were arid, whereas 2018 was wet. Bare fallow was more effective for the accumulation of productive moisture than green-manured one both in autumn and in spring before sowing spring wheat. In autumn, after bare fallow, the moisture content was higher by 14.7%, in spring by 32.8%. The surface placement of green manure crops contributed to a lesser desiccation of the soil. The best supply of nitrate nitrogen before sowing wheat was noted in fallow fi elds with manure and melilot (17.1-15.6 mg/kg). Methods of placing organic fertilizers did not affect the nitrate content in the soil. The yield of spring wheat was affected by preceding crops and methods of placing fertilizers. The highest yield of spring wheat was obtained in the bare-fallowed fertilized fi eld, which was by 0.2–0.5 t/ha higher than with all types of bare or green-manured fallow. Deep (18–20 cm) placement of manure increased the yield of spring wheat by 0.2 t/ha (10.5%). Placement of green-manured crops on the surface made it possible, on average during the experiment, to increase this indicator by 0.1–0.3 t/ ha (7.1–20%).

Improvement the technology of diccocum (spelt) spring wheat cultivation in the Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan

10.12737/6547 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Петров ◽  
Sergey Petrov ◽  
Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Шайхутдинов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of studies to determine the seeding rate of spring wheat (spelt), depending on the nutrition background in the Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan.

scholarly journals Research Results for a New Onion Seed Drill

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A. A. Ibragimov ◽  
A. К. Karakhanov ◽  
A. A. Abdurakhmanov ◽  
A. Е. Eshdavlatov ◽  
P. A. Uteniyazov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic

. For sowing small seeds of vegetables, in particular onions, special seeders are used. They are not produced in the Republic of Uzbekistan, while many diff erent pneumatic seeders are produced abroad. The authors note that foreign samples are complex in design, not adapted to local soil and climatic conditions, cannot provide even seed placement on ridges, and the cost of the seeders themselves and service are very high.(Research purpose) To develop a vegetable seeder in relation to the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan, to determine the seeding rate of onion seeds depending on the length of the active part of the seed reel, to evaluate the formation quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows.(Materials and methods) The authors determined the sowing rate by turning the seeder drive wheel at a given length of the active part of the sowing reel and collecting the sown seeds in cups with further weighing. The quality of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows formation was evaluated by the method of profi ling the fi eld before and after the seeder’s pass.(Results and discussion) The authors developed a vegetable seeder that performed three operations in one pass: cutting irrigation furrows, forming sowing ridges of a trapezoidal shape and sowing onion seeds and other small-seeded vegetable crops in a three-row tape method in each tape. They found that the dependence of the seeding rate on the length of the active part of the reel had a slightly fragile parabolic shape, and the required seeding rates – 24-48 pieces per linear meter (3.9-7.8 kilograms per hectare) – were provided with the length of the sowing reel 3.3- 6.2 millimeters. It was proved that the seeder provided a high-quality formation of sowing ridges and irrigation furrows: the row spacing was 68.8 centimeters (installation spacing – 70 centimeters), the top ridge width was 42.5 centimeters (the predetermined one was 40 centimeters), the depth of irrigation furrows was on average 9.6 centimeters.(Conclusions) A vegetable seeder was developed for sowing small-seeded vegetable crops with the simultaneous formation of sowing ridges and cutting irrigation furrows, which ensured high-quality performance of all operations and observance of onion seeds.

scholarly journals NEW MID-SEASON SPRING BARLEY CULTIVAR OMSKY 101

2019 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
P. N. Nikolaev ◽  
O. A. Yusova ◽  
N. I. Aniskov ◽  
I. V. Safonova ◽  
J. V. Ryapolova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Loose Smut ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Scientific Center

Background. The primary task of plant breeding is to develop and introduce into production two-row mid-season barley cultivars for feed and food purposes, capable of generating a high and high-quality grain yield. The purpose of the study is to characterize the new two-row fodder spring barley cultivar ‘Omsky 101’ (bred at Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center) according to its grain quality, yield and resistance to a set of diseases.Materials and methods. The experimental part of the work was carried out from 2013 through 2018 on the experimental fields of Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center, located in the southern forest-steppe and steppe zones. The area of the plot was 10 m2; there were 4 replications. The seeding rate was 4 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Agricultural practice in the experiment was conventional for the West Siberian region. Mathematical data processing complied with B. A. Dospekhov’s guidelines.Results. In terms of productivity, the new promising cv. ‘Omsky 101’ is a high-yielding variety; on average, over the period of research, its yield significantly exceeded the level of the reference cv. ‘Omsky 95’ both in the southern forest-steppe zone (+0.55 t/ha) and in the steppe zone (+0.38 t/ha). The increase over cv. ‘Omsky 100’ was 0.29 and 0.59 t/ha when sown over autumn plowing and fallow, respectively. When compared with the reference ‘Omsky 95’, ‘Omsky 101’ showed a gain in the weight of 1000 grains (+5.3 g), grain unit weight (+44.0 g/l), and grain uniformity (+12.4%). Also, when compared with both the reference and ‘Omsky 100’, there was an increased content of protein (+1.0 and +0.9%, respectively) and starch (+1.3 and +1.5%, respectively) in grain. During the period of study, according to the maximum damage scores with various smut species, ‘Omsky 101’ showed low rates of susceptibility to false loose smut (3.5% on average) and covered smut (5.0%), which is lower than the reference and level with cv. ‘Omsky 100’. Loose smut virulence rate was medium (23.1%), which is level with the reference but exceeds ‘Omsky 100’. Conclusion. The new promising cultivar ‘Omsky 101’ is high-yielding, of high quality, and resistant to smut species. The cultivar has been submitted to State Variety Trials in the Ural (9), West Siberian (10) and East Siberian (11) regions.

FORMATION OF CROP DENSITY AND STRUCTURE OF SPRING WHEAT CROP, DEPENDING ON THE VARIETY AND PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Лебедева ◽  
Zoya Lebedeva ◽  
Шашкаров ◽  
Leonid Shashkarov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Crop Density ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Seeds Germination

The article discusses the issues of formation of crop density and structure of spring wheat crop, depending on the varietal characteristics of gray forest soils in the Republic of Mari-El. The varieties Simbirtsit, Amir and Ekada-109 were studied. The paper displays the results of the analysis of seeds germination formimg, the preservation of plants and elements of the structure of the crop.

Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Management Can Substitute for Diclofop for Foxtail (Setariaspp.) Control

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khan ◽  
William W. Donald ◽  
Tony Prato
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stochastic Dominance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Green Foxtail

The goal of this research was to determine whether crop management practices could substitute for a herbicide for managing mixed populations of green and yellow foxtail in hard red spring wheat. Crop yield and foxtail growth were measured in two years of field research in North Dakota. Spring wheat yields were as great or greater when early seeding date or 2× seeding rate were substituted for POST diclofop3at 0.75 kg ai ha−1for managing foxtail in spring wheat. Yield of spring wheat competing with foxtails was greater for the high seeding rate (2× = 270 kg ha−1) than both the normal (1× = 130 kg ha−1) and low (0.5× = 70 kg ha−1) seeding rates for early or middle seeding dates, but not for the late seeding date. For both early and middle seeding dates, wheat yield at the 2×seeding rate without diclofop was equal to or greater than that of the 1× seeding rate with diclofop. Late-seeded wheat did not yield well in competition with dense foxtail stands for any treatment combination. Early and middle seeding dates favored the relative increase of green foxtail over yellow foxtail in wheat, whereas late seeding favored yellow foxtail over green foxtail. Economic analysis demonstrated that early seeding date was the most critical factor in determining the stochastic dominance of treatments without diclofop over treatments with diclofop. Seeding rate was much less important than seeding date in determining the ranking of treatments in stochastic dominance analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers, seed treatment and herbicide on the yield of spring wheat in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00075
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova ◽  
Kurbonali Partoev
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Stable Development

The paper presents the results of studies on the creation of an optimal nutritional regime with an analysis of weediness of crops with increased pre-sowing treatment of seeds of growth processes and the resistance of the plants themselves under stressful conditions to form a spring wheat crop. In the initial period of spring wheat vegetation, when plants are affected by sharp temperature fluctuations, soil and atmospheric droughts, it is important to stimulate their stable development and resistance to stress. When satisfying the needs of crops for nutrients, it is important to prevent weeding of crops. The purpose of our study is to study the complex effect of mineral fertilizers, the use of a herbicide and presowing seed treatment with a growth regulator on spring wheat productivity. The studies were conducted in 2016-2018 on the basis of Kazan State Agrarian University on gray forest soil. An analysis of the development of plants on weed grown variants revealed a decrease in the safety of seedlings for harvesting, decreased yield by 0.15-0.28 t/ha and reduced grain quality. The average yield of spring wheat over the years of research when using the herbicide against the background without fertilizers was 1.53 t/ha, 2.66 t/ha against the background of NPK to obtain 3 t/ha of grain and 3.22 t/ha against the background of NPK to obtain 4 t/ha of grain. Combined seed treatment with the growth regulator Zircon and dressing agents contributed to an increase in yield in all nutritional backgrounds by another 3.2–4.4% and an increase in the grain nature and gluten content in fertilized nutritional backgrounds.

SOWING AND PRODUCTIVE QUALITY OF SEEDS, DEPENDING ON THE NUTRITION BACKGROUND IN THE KAMA AREA OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гараев ◽  
Razil Garaev ◽  
Шайхразиев ◽  
Shamil Shaykhraziev ◽  
Зубарев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Republic

The article presents an analyzes of high quality seeds production of spring wheat in the Kama area of the Republic of Tatarstan. The questions of influence of nutrition background on productive and sowing quality of this variety.

The basic technological components of growing and harvesting of grain of spring wheat in Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan

10.12737/1386 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Шайхутдинов ◽  
Farit Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Майоров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yields

The potential of spring wheat varieties, included in the state register list and recommended for cultivation in the Republic of Tatarstan, and the climatic conditions of the Republic allow to obtain the high yields in improving and implementing advanced technology of its cultivation. One of the main conditions for successful cultivation of spring wheat in the region is the proper selection of varieties. Nowadays the varieties with a relatively high resistance to drought, disease and pests, successfully competing with weeds, good usage of soil fertility and at the same time responsive to fertilizers are reclaimed. This approach is explained by the desire to reduce the grain production cost and for environmental management, taking into account environmental constraints. The use of natural resources and the adaptive properties of growing varieties offers in-depth assessment of soil and climatic conditions up to the micro-level, i.e. for each farm, field, land and a thorough study of the features and capabilities of varieties. Only in this way it can be reasonably implement zoning varieties, depending on the situation, even pick up for small areas of two or three suitable varieties of quite a large number of cases in the region. What is important now is another question - how feasible to get the grain of spring wheat with good baking qualities in practice in different agro-climatic zones of the Republic. A major role in this belongs to varieties, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, post-harvest grain handling and other factors. As for the Republic of Tatarstan, the study of comprehensive evaluation of several previously recommended for cultivation and some new varieties of spring wheat wasn’t conducted. Taking into account the knowledge base of questions, in this study the task was to conduct a comprehensive comparative evaluation of spring wheat varieties for specific climatic conditions of the zone, based on observations, surveys and analyzes to evaluate the studied varieties of spring wheat and make appropriate recommendations.

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