The Hormonal Control of Colleterial Gland Secretion

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
J. H. WILLIS ◽  
P. C. J. BRUNET
Keyword(s):  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Spectrophotometric Measurement ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Colleterial Gland

1. Methods for the quantitative assay of the activities of the left and right colleterial glands of adult cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) are reported. The former involves the spectrophotometric measurement of the content of protocatechuic acid glucoside of the gland; the latter the measurement of glucosidase activity by orthodox use of a chromogenic substrate. 2. Glucoside and glucosidase have been studied in terms of accumulation and turnover. 3. The accumulation of the glucoside requires the presence of active corpora allata, but glucosidase synthesis is seemingly independent of this.

Hormonal control of spermatogenesis in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Blaine ◽  
S. E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Prothoracic Glands ◽  
Humoral Regulation

A surgical approach was made to the question of humoral regulation of testicular development. Neither the neurosecretory cells nor the prothoracic glands retarded or accelerated development of the testes. The corpora allata maintained the testes in a juvenile state by retarding their development.

scholarly journals Octopaminergic dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones innervating the colleterial glands of the female cockroach Periplaneta americana

1995 ◽  
Vol 198 (7) ◽  
pp. 1539-1544
Author(s):  
I G Sinakevitch ◽  
M Geffard ◽  
M Pelhate ◽  
B Lapied
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Abdominal Ganglion ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Results Reporting ◽  
Dorsal Unpaired Median ◽  
Colleterial Gland

The musculature of the colleterial glands receives innervation from branch 4B4a of the nerves designated 4B, which arise from the posterior part of the terminal abdominal ganglion in the female cockroach Periplaneta americana (L). Using Methylene Blue staining, the gross anatomy of the colleterial gland innervation has been described. Cobalt backfilling via branch 4B4 of nerve 4B revealed about 21 dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurones located on both median and posterior parts of the terminal abdominal ganglion. Octopamine immunohistochemistry has shown that at least 15 octopamine-immunoreactive DUM neurones from median and posterior groups projected via branch 4B4a to the left and right colleterial glands. These data, together with results reporting the presence of octopamine-immunoreactive branches supplying these colleterial glands, make octopaminergic DUM neurones suitable candidates to modulate the muscle activity of the colleterial glands in female Periplaneta americana.

Comparable activities of left and right corpora allata consistent with humoral control of juvenile hormone biosynthesis in the cockroach

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Juvenile Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

The rates of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis have been measured in vitro for individual members of the paired corpora allata (CA) in the cockroach Periplaneta americana during the first two reproductive cycles. A marked similarity of endocrine activity between left and right glands of the majority of animals was observed, even though total JH biosynthesis by the gland pairs can differ up to 200-fold during this period. In a small number of immature females only one gland in the pair had the capacity to synthesize hormone. These results support the use of 'split pairs' of CA from mature, adult female P. americana in short-term in vitro radioassay of potential exogenous and endogenous modulators of JH biosynthesis, such that each sample bioassayed has a valid control. Furthermore, the observations suggest that, after a short postecdysial period (up to 4 days), the CA of this species are controlled by one or more humoral factors.

Levels of tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and dopamine in some tissues of the cockroach Periplaneta americana

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669-2673 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Duff Sloley ◽  
Roger G. H. Downer ◽  
Cedric Gillott
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Corpora Cardiaca ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
Frontal Ganglion ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and dopamine were measured in the frontal ganglion, corpora cardiaca, corpora allata, nerves of the suboesophageal ganglion, nerves of the thoracic ganglia, gut, testes, and ovaries of the cockroach Periplaneta americana using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. 5-Hydroxytryptamine was demonstrated in the frontal ganglion, corpora cardiaca, corpora allata, and nerves of the suboesophageal ganglion but not in the gut, testes, ovaries, or nerves of the thoracic ganglia. These results quantitatively confirm immunohistochemical studies of 5-hydroxytryptamine in neurohaemal and nonneuronal tissues of the cockroach. Dopamine was found in all neurohaemal and nervous tissue examined. Dopamine was also found at low levels in the rectum. Tryptophan was found in all tissues examined.

Reproduction Versus Somatic Growth: Hormonal Control in Octopus Vulgaris

1978 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. O'DOR ◽  
M. J. WELLS
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Octopus Vulgaris ◽  
Precocious Maturity

Octopus vulgaris can be forced into precocious maturity by removal of the subpedunculate lobe from the brain, an operation that releases the optic glands from inhibition, and allows them to secrete a gonadotropin. 14C-leucine was injected into the bloodstream of immature animals and its subsequent incorporation into muscle protein followed by taking successive samples from the arms. The optic glands were then activated, and a further injection of 3H-leucine given and followed by means of further arm samples. Optic gland secretion suppresses protein synthesis in the muscles. This is associated with an increase in the total amino acid pool in the muscles and with a considerable increase in the concentration of free amino acids circulating in the blood. If an ovary is present these events are associated with a rapid growth of the ovary and its ducts, and a loss of weight elsewhere. In ovariectomized animals the ducts grow, but there is no yolk to absorb the large pool of free amino acids, and the animals gain weight by osmotic uptake of water into the muscles. The developing ovary may produce a hormone that increases the release of amino acids from muscle, since the concentration circulating in the blood of intact animals remains at least as high as in ovariectomized octopuses, despite the demands of the developing ovary. These matters are discussed in relation to other evidence for a gonadial hormone and in relation to the ‘self-destruct’ effect of the optic gland secretion in determining the post-reproductive death of octopuses.

The Hormonal Control of the Development of Hairs and Bristles in the Milkweed Bug, ONCOPELTUS FASCIATUS, DALL

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-522
Author(s):  
PETER A. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Oncopeltus Fasciatus ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Moult Cycle ◽  
Dense Population ◽  
Milkweed Bug ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Hormonal Milieu

1. As in Rhodnius, the larval Oncopeltus has bristles which are supplemented at each moult. However, at metamorphosis a dense population of non-innervated hairs develops. 2. Implantation of corpora allata into 5th-stage larvae showed that the development of these hairs can be inhibited universally or locally by the juvenile hormone (JH). 3. Transplantations of integument between 5th-stage larvae of different stages in the moult cycle gave some information about the power of the host to synchronize the graft to its own moult cycle. 4. Transplantations between different larval stages showed that the grafted in tegument responded to the hormonal milieu of the host. 5. Adult integument was transplanted onto larvae to study the reversal of metamorphosis. It was found that the development of a supernumerary population of hairs depended on the integument passing through a moult cycle in the presence of JH. After two moults in the presence of JH, reversal of metamorphosis was found to vary over the surface of the transplant, being further advanced at the margin. At the edge of the graft properly formed larval bristles developed, while at the centre adult hairs were formed in adult cuticle. Intermediately formed bristles were found in the intervening areas. It is suggested that reactions associated with wounding are the cause of this heterogeneous result. 6. The significance of these results in relation to other work and to theories concerning the mode of action of the juvenile hormone is discussed.

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