Hormonal control of spermatogenesis in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana (L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Blaine ◽  
S. E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Prothoracic Glands ◽  
Humoral Regulation

A surgical approach was made to the question of humoral regulation of testicular development. Neither the neurosecretory cells nor the prothoracic glands retarded or accelerated development of the testes. The corpora allata maintained the testes in a juvenile state by retarding their development.

The Hormonal Control of Colleterial Gland Secretion

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
J. H. WILLIS ◽  
P. C. J. BRUNET
Keyword(s):  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Quantitative Assay ◽  
Chromogenic Substrate ◽  
Spectrophotometric Measurement ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Colleterial Gland

1. Methods for the quantitative assay of the activities of the left and right colleterial glands of adult cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) are reported. The former involves the spectrophotometric measurement of the content of protocatechuic acid glucoside of the gland; the latter the measurement of glucosidase activity by orthodox use of a chromogenic substrate. 2. Glucoside and glucosidase have been studied in terms of accumulation and turnover. 3. The accumulation of the glucoside requires the presence of active corpora allata, but glucosidase synthesis is seemingly independent of this.

HORMONAL CONTROL OF ADULT REPRODUCTIVE DIAPAUSE IN THE EGYPTIAN GRASSHOPPER, ANACRIDIUM AEGYPTIUM, L.

1967 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GELDIAY
Keyword(s):  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Neurosecretory System ◽  
Reproductive Diapause ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Adult Diapause ◽  
Normal Individuals

SUMMARY The histology of the cerebral neurosecretory system and the corpora allata of Anacridium aegyptium is similar to that of other locusts, except that the adult diapause of this species introduces differences during oocyte growth. In diapausing adults of Anacridium, the cerebral neurosecretory cells contain large amounts of stainable material; when diapause is broken, the cells contain very much less material as the oocytes develop, but material accumulates once more when the oocytes are fully grown. The corpora allata are small in diapausing females, enlarge considerably during oocyte growth and vitellogenesis in post-diapause insects, and again decrease in size when the oocytes are fully grown. It is inferred from these observations that the neurosecrectory cells and the corpora allata are both inactive during diapause. But the effects upon oocyte growth of destruction of the neurosecretory cells, and of allatectomy, in diapausing females which are subsequently kept under conditions which terminate diapause in normal individuals, strongly suggest that the cerebral neurosecretory system is the primary cause of the inhibition of oocyte growth during adult diapause.

Levels of tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and dopamine in some tissues of the cockroach Periplaneta americana

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2669-2673 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Duff Sloley ◽  
Roger G. H. Downer ◽  
Cedric Gillott
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Corpora Cardiaca ◽  
Thoracic Ganglia ◽  
Frontal Ganglion ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and dopamine were measured in the frontal ganglion, corpora cardiaca, corpora allata, nerves of the suboesophageal ganglion, nerves of the thoracic ganglia, gut, testes, and ovaries of the cockroach Periplaneta americana using high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. 5-Hydroxytryptamine was demonstrated in the frontal ganglion, corpora cardiaca, corpora allata, and nerves of the suboesophageal ganglion but not in the gut, testes, ovaries, or nerves of the thoracic ganglia. These results quantitatively confirm immunohistochemical studies of 5-hydroxytryptamine in neurohaemal and nonneuronal tissues of the cockroach. Dopamine was found in all neurohaemal and nervous tissue examined. Dopamine was also found at low levels in the rectum. Tryptophan was found in all tissues examined.

The Hormonal Control of the Development of Hairs and Bristles in the Milkweed Bug, ONCOPELTUS FASCIATUS, DALL

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-522
Author(s):  
PETER A. LAWRENCE
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Oncopeltus Fasciatus ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Moult Cycle ◽  
Dense Population ◽  
Milkweed Bug ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Hormonal Milieu

1. As in Rhodnius, the larval Oncopeltus has bristles which are supplemented at each moult. However, at metamorphosis a dense population of non-innervated hairs develops. 2. Implantation of corpora allata into 5th-stage larvae showed that the development of these hairs can be inhibited universally or locally by the juvenile hormone (JH). 3. Transplantations of integument between 5th-stage larvae of different stages in the moult cycle gave some information about the power of the host to synchronize the graft to its own moult cycle. 4. Transplantations between different larval stages showed that the grafted in tegument responded to the hormonal milieu of the host. 5. Adult integument was transplanted onto larvae to study the reversal of metamorphosis. It was found that the development of a supernumerary population of hairs depended on the integument passing through a moult cycle in the presence of JH. After two moults in the presence of JH, reversal of metamorphosis was found to vary over the surface of the transplant, being further advanced at the margin. At the edge of the graft properly formed larval bristles developed, while at the centre adult hairs were formed in adult cuticle. Intermediately formed bristles were found in the intervening areas. It is suggested that reactions associated with wounding are the cause of this heterogeneous result. 6. The significance of these results in relation to other work and to theories concerning the mode of action of the juvenile hormone is discussed.

Maturation of muscle properties and its hormonal control in an adult insect

2001 ◽  
Vol 204 (20) ◽  
pp. 3531-3545
Author(s):  
Uwe Rose ◽  
Michael Ferber ◽  
Reinhold Hustert
Keyword(s):  
Action Potentials ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Muscle Properties ◽  
Cross Sectional

SUMMARY The oviposition of female locusts requires longitudinal muscles to tolerate remarkable lengthening. Whether this ability together with concomitant properties develops during maturation or is present throughout life was investigated. The properties of the locust abdominal muscles involved in oviposition behaviour were investigated with respect to their maturation, segment- and gender-specificity and regulation by juvenile hormone (JH). Muscles from the sixth abdominal segment (an oviposition segment) of mature females (>18 days old) were able to tolerate large extensions (>8 mm). At this length, muscles were still able to generate considerable neurally evoked twitch tension. In contrast, muscle fibres from females less than 5 days old did not tolerate extension of more than 4 mm. At this length, tension generation was negligible. The maximum tension generated at different stimulus frequencies was significantly higher in muscles of females more than 18 days old than in females less than 5 days old. Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of muscle fibres increased significantly during reproductive development. Current-clamp recordings from denervated muscle fibres of females more than 18 days old revealed their ability to generate overshooting action potentials. The potentials were tetrodotoxin (TTX)-insensitive (0.5 μmol l–1 TTX), but were blocked by Cd2+ (50 μmol l–1) or nifedipine (50 μmol l–1), which suggests the involvement of L-type Ca2+ channels. Action potentials recorded from females less than 5 days old differed considerably in amplitude and shape from those recorded from females more than 18 days old, suggesting their maturation during the first 2 weeks of adult life. Inactivation of the corpora allata (CA) by precocene inhibited the maturation of these muscle properties, whereas injection of JH into precocene-treated females reversed this effect. Homologous muscles from the third abdominal segment (a non-oviposition segment, M169) and muscles from males (M214) revealed no comparable changes, although some minor changes occurred during reproductive development. The results suggest a gender- and segment-specific maturation of muscle properties that is related to reproductive behaviour and controlled by JH.

Changes in cell number and activity of the corpora allata of the cockroach Diploptera punctata: a role for mating and the ovary

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2178-2182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Tobe ◽  
N. Clarke ◽  
B. Stay ◽  
R. P. Ruegg
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Gonotrophic Cycle ◽  
Biosynthetic Activity ◽  
Diploptera Punctata ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Mated Female

The corpora allata (CA) of mated female Diploptera punctata showed an increase in cell number from 6000 cells/CA on the day of emergence to a maximum of about 9000 cells/CA by day 5. The number of cells per CA then declined and, by day 8, the CA was composed of about 6000 cells. In the normal mated animal, the previously established increase in biosynthetic activity of the CA correlated with the increase in number of cells in the CA. In virgin females no significant change in cell number was observed during this period and this correlates with the demonstrated low and constant rates of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis. Following ovariectomy, however, an increase in cell number occurred (to 10 000 cells/CA) by day 5 and cell number remained elevated until at least day 8. Low rates of JH biosynthesis have been observed previously in ovariectomized females and thus the increase in cell number observed in these females is not accompanied by a corresponding increase in biosynthetic activity. The cell number of the CA in ovariectomized females was reduced by injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone. We propose that either mating or surgical removal of inhibitory signals from cerebral neurosecretory cells permits the proliferation of the cells of the CA. We also propose that factors from the ovary are responsible for both the initiation of the cycle of JH biosynthesis and the reduction of CA cell number at the end of the gonotrophic cycle.

The Stomodaeal Nervous System, Neurosecretion, and Related Endocrine and Nervous Structures in Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)

1964 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Burgess ◽  
J. G. Rempel
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Neurosecretory Cells ◽  
Corpora Allata ◽  
Prothoracic Gland ◽  
Neurosecretory Material ◽  
Purple Colour ◽  
Aldehyde Fuchsin ◽  
The Common

This exhibit represents some portions of a study of the stomodaeal nervous system, neurosecretory cells, corpora allata, corpora cardiaca, and prothoracic gland cells in post-embryonic stages of Aedes aegypti (L.), the yellow fever mosquito. Some of these structures share the common property of being involved in the production of hormones.Mosquitoes were reared under standard conditions. Larvae, pupae and adults were fixed at timed intervals in histological fixatives. Sectioned specimens were stained in Gomori's aldehyde-fuchsin, Gomori's chrome-haematoxyh-phloxin and other stains. The aldehyde-fuchsin technique, which imparted a bright purple colour to neurosecretory material, was particularly useful. Vita1 staining with methylene blue was used to trace the stomodaeal nervous system

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document