scholarly journals Germline stem cell number in the Drosophila ovary is regulated by redundant mechanisms that control Dpp signaling

Development ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
pp. 1881-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Casanueva
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Dynamics in the Drosophila Ovary Regulates Germ Stem Cell Number, Cell Fate, and Female Fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Garcez ◽  
Joana Branco-Santos ◽  
Patricia C. Gracio ◽  
Catarina C. F. Homem
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

The fate and proliferative capacity of stem cells have been shown to strongly depend on their metabolic state. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell being responsible for energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) as well as for several other metabolic pathways. Mitochondrial activity strongly depends on their structural organization, with their size and shape being regulated by mitochondrial fusion and fission, a process known as mitochondrial dynamics. However, the significance of mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of stem cell metabolism and fate remains elusive. Here, we characterize the role of mitochondria morphology in female germ stem cells (GSCs) and in their more differentiated lineage. Mitochondria are particularly important in the female GSC lineage. Not only do they provide these cells with their energy requirements to generate the oocyte but they are also the only mitochondria pool to be inherited by the offspring. We show that the undifferentiated GSCs predominantly have fissed mitochondria, whereas more differentiated germ cells have more fused mitochondria. By reducing the levels of mitochondrial dynamics regulators, we show that both fused and fissed mitochondria are required for the maintenance of a stable GSC pool. Surprisingly, we found that disrupting mitochondrial dynamics in the germline also strongly affects nurse cells morphology, impairing egg chamber development and female fertility. Interestingly, reducing the levels of key enzymes in the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA), known to cause OxPhos reduction, also affects GSC number. This defect in GSC self-renewal capacity indicates that at least basal levels of TCA/OxPhos are required in GSCs. Our findings show that mitochondrial dynamics is essential for female GSC maintenance and female fertility, and that mitochondria fusion and fission events are dynamically regulated during GSC differentiation, possibly to modulate their metabolic profile.

scholarly journals The Osa-Containing SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Complex Is Required in the Germline Differentiation Niche for Germline Stem Cell Progeny Differentiation

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 363
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Hu ◽  
Mengjie Li ◽  
Xue Hao ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Germline Differentiation ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

The Drosophila ovary is recognized as a powerful model to study stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Decapentaplegic (Dpp) is secreted from the germline stem cell (GSC) niche to activate Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) signaling in GSCs for their self-renewal and is restricted in the differentiation niche for daughter cell differentiation. Here, we report that Switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) component Osa depletion in escort cells (ECs) results in a blockage of GSC progeny differentiation. Further molecular and genetic analyses suggest that the defective germline differentiation is partially attributed to the elevated dpp transcription in ECs. Moreover, ectopic Engrailed (En) expression in osa-depleted ECs partially contributes to upregulated dpp transcription. Furthermore, we show that Osa regulates germline differentiation in a Brahma (Brm)-associated protein (BAP)-complex-dependent manner. Additionally, the loss of EC long cellular processes upon osa depletion may also partly contribute to the germline differentiation defect. Taken together, these data suggest that the epigenetic factor Osa plays an important role in controlling EC characteristics and germline lineage differentiation.

scholarly journals LIN-28 balances longevity and germline stem cell number inCaenorhabditis elegansthrough let-7/AKT/DAF-16 axis

Aging Cell ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Lei Hou ◽  
Shuhei Nakamura ◽  
Ming Su ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Germline Stem Cell

scholarly journals Stage-Specific Differences in the Requirements for Germline Stem Cell Maintenance in the Drosophila Ovary

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna R. Shcherbata ◽  
Ellen J. Ward ◽  
Karin A. Fischer ◽  
Jenn-Yah Yu ◽  
Steven H. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Drosophila Ovary ◽  
Cell Maintenance

scholarly journals Notch signaling controls germline stem cell niche formation in the Drosophila ovary

Development ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (6) ◽  
pp. 1071-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Song ◽  
G. B. Call ◽  
D. Kirilly ◽  
T. Xie
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Niche Formation ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Germline Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Drosophila Ovary

Germline stem cell aging in the Drosophila ovary

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Julien Roy Ishibashi ◽  
Tommy Henry Taslim ◽  
Hannele Ruohola-Baker
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Aging ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Aging ◽  
Drosophila Ovary
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