scholarly journals Adipocyte amino acid sensing controls adult germline stem cell number via the amino acid response pathway and independently of Target of Rapamycin signaling in Drosophila

Development ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (23) ◽  
pp. 4479-4488 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Armstrong ◽  
K. M. Laws ◽  
D. Drummond-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Amino Acid Sensing ◽  
Amino Acid Response

scholarly journals Amino acid sensing and mTOR regulation: inside or out?

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah C.I. Goberdhan ◽  
Margret H. Ögmundsdóttir ◽  
Shubana Kazi ◽  
Bruno Reynolds ◽  
Shivanthy M. Visvalingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Amino Acid Sensing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mtor Signalling

mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) plays a key role in determining how growth factor, nutrient and oxygen levels modulate intracellular events critical for the viability and growth of the cell. This is reflected in the impact of aberrant mTOR signalling on a number of major human diseases and has helped to drive research to understand how TOR (target of rapamycin) is itself regulated. While it is clear that amino acids can affect TOR signalling, how these molecules are sensed by TOR remains controversial, perhaps because cells use different mechanisms as environmental conditions change. Even the question of whether they have an effect inside the cell or at its surface remains unresolved. The present review summarizes current ideas and suggests ways in which some of the models proposed might be unified to produce an amino acid detection system that can adapt to environmental change.

scholarly journals LIN-28 balances longevity and germline stem cell number inCaenorhabditis elegansthrough let-7/AKT/DAF-16 axis

Aging Cell ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Lei Hou ◽  
Shuhei Nakamura ◽  
Ming Su ◽  
Fang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Germline Stem Cell

scholarly journals TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA/SOBRECARGA MECÂNICA E SINALIZAÇÃO DO COMPLEXO 1 DO ALVO DA RAPAMICINA EM MAMÍFEROS NA HIPERTROFIA MUSCULAR EM DIFERENTES MODELOS EXPERIMENTAIS: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
André Katayama Yamada ◽  
Vanessa Azevedo Voltarelli ◽  
Adriana Pertille ◽  
Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Mechanical Overload ◽  
Amino Acid Sensing

O objetivo deste artigo de revisão sistemática foi apresentar o envolvimento da sinalização de aminoácidos e mecanotransdução na ativação do complexo 1 do alvo da rapamicina em mamíferos (mTORC1) na musculatura esquelética de animais e a expressão e papel do mTORC1 em humanos submetidos ao treinamento de força/estímulo mecânico. Foi realizada uma busca na base de dados PubMed com as seguintes palavras-chave: mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, resistance exercise, strength training, mechanical overload e skeletal muscle hypertrophy, amino acid sensing transporter e mechanotransduction. Evidências demonstram que a ativação do mTORC1 possui correlação positiva com a hipertrofia muscular induzida pelo treinamento de força/estímulo mecânico. O mTORC1 integra diversos sinais oriundos de aminoácidos (sinalização de transportadores e sensores) e estímulo mecânico/treinamento de força (mecanotransdução). Ademais, o emprego de modelos de camundongos mutantes, abordagens genéticas, farmacológicas, cultura de células, modelos experimentais de treinamento de força para animais, assim como estudos com humanos, vêm possibilitando a elucidação destes mecanismos moleculares.

scholarly journals Niche maintenance of germline stem cells in C. elegans males

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Crittenden ◽  
ChangHwan Lee ◽  
Ipsita Mohanty ◽  
Sindhu Battula ◽  
Judith Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Stem Cell Maintenance ◽  
Cell Maintenance

ABSTRACTStem cell maintenance by niche signaling is a common theme across phylogeny. In the Caenorhabditis elegans gonad, the broad outlines of germline stem cell (GSC) regulation are the same for both sexes: GLP-1/Notch signaling from the mesenchymal Distal Tip Cell (DTC) niche maintains GSCs in the distal gonad of both sexes (Austin and Kimble 1987), and does so via two key stem cell regulators, SYGL-1 and LST-1 (Kershneret al. 2014). Most analyses of niche signaling and GSC regulation have focused on XX hermaphrodites, an essentially female sex making sperm in larvae and oocytes in adults. Here we focus on XO males, which are sexually dimorphic in all tissues, including the distal gonad. The architecture of the male niche and the cellular behavior of GSCs are sex-specific. Despite these differences, males maintain a GSC pool similar to the hermaphrodite with respect to size and cell number and the male GSC response to niche signaling is also remarkably similar.

scholarly journals Maintenance of Proper Germline Stem Cell Number Requires Adipocyte Collagen in Adult Drosophila Females

Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 209 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley N. Weaver ◽  
Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Adult Drosophila
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