Biomarkers and Their Raman Spectral Signatures

2018 ◽  
pp. 597-607
Author(s):  
Howell G.M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Raman Spectral

scholarly journals Raman spectral signatures of cervical exfoliated cells from liquid-based cytology samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padraig Kearney ◽  
Damien Traynor ◽  
Franck Bonnier ◽  
Fiona M. Lyng ◽  
John J. O’Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology ◽  
Raman Spectral

Separation of the Raman Spectral Signatures of Bioapatite and Collagen in Compact Mouse Bone Bleached with Hydrogen Peroxide

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Freeman ◽  
Matthew J. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Raman Spectrum ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Compact Bone ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Raman Spectral

We studied the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide in removing visible laser-induced photoluminescence from the Raman spectra of compact bone of mice. In testing various bone sample preparations, we found that hydrogen peroxide bleaching was most effective when applied directly to fresh or fresh-frozen bone samples. The extent of the reduction in photoluminescence in the peroxide-bleached bone was such that the Raman spectrum could be readily recorded with 532-nm laser excitation. A comparison of bone samples before and after hydrogen peroxide bleaching shows that the Raman shifts of all the collagen and bioapatite bands are unaffected by the peroxide bleach. Moreover, the low spectral backgrounds of the peroxide-treated bone samples permit the Raman spectra of these two major components of bone to be fully separated. The Raman spectrum of collagen-rich periosteum was subtracted from the Raman spectrum of compact bone, which isolated the Raman spectral signature of the bioapatite fraction of the bone. This derived spectrum of bioapatite was then used, through spectral subtraction, to generate the spectral signature of the collagen component of the bone. All the major and minor Raman bands of collagen and bioapatite can be identified in these separate spectra.

scholarly journals Biomarkers and their Raman spectroscopic signatures: a spectral challenge for analytical astrobiology

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2030) ◽  
pp. 20140193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howell G. M. Edwards ◽  
Ian B. Hutchinson ◽  
Richard Ingley ◽  
Jan Jehlička
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Robotic Exploration ◽  
Mineral Matrix ◽  
Spectral Recognition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures ◽  
Raman Spectral

The remote robotic exploration of extraterrestrial scenarios for evidence of biological colonization in ‘search for life’ missions using Raman spectroscopy is critically dependent on two major factors: firstly, the Raman spectral recognition of characteristic biochemical spectral signatures in the presence of mineral matrix features; and secondly, the positive unambiguous identification of molecular biomaterials which are indicative of extinct or extant life. Both of these factors are considered here: the most important criterion is the clear definition of which biochemicals truly represent biomarkers, whose presence in the planetary geological record from an analytical astrobiological standpoint will unambiguously be indicative of life as recognized from its remote instrumental interrogation. Also discussed in this paper are chemical compounds which are associated with living systems, including biominerals, which may not in themselves be definitive signatures of life processes and origins but whose presence provides an indicator of potential life-bearing matrices.

scholarly journals Unlabeled salivary gland organoids have distinct Raman signatures following FGF2-induced proacinar cell differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate E Tubbesing ◽  
Nicholas Moskwa ◽  
Ting Chean Khoo ◽  
Deirdre A Nelson ◽  
Anna Sharikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
And Function ◽  
Raman Spectral ◽  
Non Destructive

Organoids are self-organized three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures that model the structure and function of organs to provide insights into signaling during organ formation and have translational applications in disease modeling and assessing drug responses. Due to their heterogeneity, there is a need for non-destructive methods to identify the differentiation state, or the phenotype, of organoids. As organoids often contain complex mixtures of basement membrane and/or extracellular matrix proteins, which are often highly auto-fluorescent, it typically makes low-resolution Raman measurements a challenge. We developed Raman confocal micro-spectroscopy methods to avoid and minimize the matrix signal and define specific Raman signatures for growth factor-differentiated and non-differentiated organoids. In complex, branched salivary gland organoids derived from mouse embryonic epithelial and stromal cells embedded within the laminin-rich basement membrane matrix, Matrigel, we identified specific Raman spectral signatures for organoids in different differentiation states. We report that either comparison of spectral signatures or multivariate SVD analysis can be used to distinguish between organoids treated with FGF2, organoids treated with EGF, and non-treated controls. Raman spectral signatures can be used to non-invasively distinguish between different phenotypes in the 3D context of unlabeled organoids.

scholarly journals Correlating Raman Spectral Signatures with Carrier Mobility in Epitaxial Graphene: A Guide to Achieving High Mobility on the Wafer Scale

Nano Letters ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2873-2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua A. Robinson ◽  
Maxwell Wetherington ◽  
Joseph L. Tedesco ◽  
Paul M. Campbell ◽  
Xiaojun Weng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrier Mobility ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Epitaxial Graphene ◽  
Wafer Scale ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Raman Spectral

scholarly journals Organ-specific isogenic metastatic breast cancer cell lines exhibit distinct Raman spectral signatures and metabolomes

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 20266-20287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Winnard ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Farhad Vesuna ◽  
Jeon Woong Kang ◽  
Jonah Garry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Raman Spectral

scholarly journals Effect of Co and Y modification on structural, ferroelectric and magnetic properties of Bi5Ti3FeO15 ceramics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena D Bobic ◽  
Nikola Ilić ◽  
Vignaswaran Veerapandiyan ◽  
Mirjana Vijatović Petrović ◽  
Marco Deluca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Raman Spectral

Abstract The ferroelectric and magnetic properties of four-layered Aurivillius Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BFT) compounds via partial substitution of Bi3+ with Y3+ and Fe3+ with Co2+ (according to formula: Bi5 − xYxTi3FeO15, x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3; Bi5Ti3Fe1 − yCoyO15, y = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were investigated. Polycrystalline ceramics of Co and Y substituted BFT were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction. Crystal structure and phase purity were confirmed via X-ray diffraction. Raman spectral signatures indicate that Y replaces Bi ions in the pseudo-perovskite layers and Co replaces Fe ions in the octahedral sites. SEM micrographs show a decrease in grain size for both chemically modified samples when compared to plate-like morphology for pure BFT with dimensions ranging from 3–5 µm in length and a thickness of ~ 0.5 µm. The decrease in grain size is more pronounced in Co substituted samples with plate-like grain dimensions of 1 µm in length and 0.1 µm in thickness. Ferroelectric measurements show unsaturated leaky hysteresis loops in both chemically modified samples until the maximum applied electric field. Magnetic measurements confirm the paramagnetic nature of pure and Y substituted BFT ceramics while Co substituted BFT ceramics exhibit a typical ferromagnetic M-H loop. The largest remanent magnetization value of 0.084 emu/g at room temperature is recorded for the Co2+ substituted sample with x = 0.30.

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