scholarly journals Biomarkers and their Raman spectroscopic signatures: a spectral challenge for analytical astrobiology

2014 ◽  
Vol 372 (2030) ◽  
pp. 20140193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howell G. M. Edwards ◽  
Ian B. Hutchinson ◽  
Richard Ingley ◽  
Jan Jehlička
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Spectral Signatures ◽  
Robotic Exploration ◽  
Mineral Matrix ◽  
Spectral Recognition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures ◽  
Raman Spectral

The remote robotic exploration of extraterrestrial scenarios for evidence of biological colonization in ‘search for life’ missions using Raman spectroscopy is critically dependent on two major factors: firstly, the Raman spectral recognition of characteristic biochemical spectral signatures in the presence of mineral matrix features; and secondly, the positive unambiguous identification of molecular biomaterials which are indicative of extinct or extant life. Both of these factors are considered here: the most important criterion is the clear definition of which biochemicals truly represent biomarkers, whose presence in the planetary geological record from an analytical astrobiological standpoint will unambiguously be indicative of life as recognized from its remote instrumental interrogation. Also discussed in this paper are chemical compounds which are associated with living systems, including biominerals, which may not in themselves be definitive signatures of life processes and origins but whose presence provides an indicator of potential life-bearing matrices.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Bonds: Raman Spectroscopic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5380
Author(s):  
Boris A. Kolesov
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Temperature Region ◽  
Vibrational Frequency ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic Study ◽  
Proton Dynamics

The work outlines general ideas on how the frequency and the intensity of proton vibrations of X–H×××Y hydrogen bonding are formed as the bond evolves from weak to maximally strong bonding. For this purpose, the Raman spectra of different chemical compounds with moderate, strong, and extremely strong hydrogen bonds were obtained in the temperature region of 5 K–300 K. The dependence of the proton vibrational frequency is schematically presented as a function of the rigidity of O-H×××O bonding. The problems of proton dynamics on tautomeric O–H···O bonds are considered. A brief description of the N–H···O and C–H···Y hydrogen bonds is given.

On the definition of Raman spectroscopic detection limits for the analysis of biomarkers in solid matrices

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vandenabeele ◽  
J. Jehlička ◽  
P. Vítek ◽  
H.G.M. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limits ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Solid Matrices ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Bone-ligament and tendon insertions based on Raman spectrum and its PCA and CLS analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Yu Dong ◽  
Jia Jiang ◽  
Haiqing Li ◽  
Tongming Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Tissue Interface ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Raman Spectral ◽  
Artificial Prosthesis

Abstract Injuries to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and Rotator Cuff Tendon (RCT) are common in physically active and elderly individuals. The development of an artificial prosthesis for reconstruction/repair of ACL and RCT injuries is of increasing interest due to the need for viable tissue and reduced surgically-related co-morbidity. An optimal prosthesis design is still elusive, therefore an improved understanding of the bone-soft tissue interface is extremely urgent. In this work, Raman spectral mapping was used to analyze, at the micron level, the chemical composition and corresponding structure of the bone-soft tissue interface. Raman spectroscopic mapping was performed using a Raman spectrometer with a 785 nm laser coupled to a microscope. Line-mapping procedure was performed on the ACL and RCT bone insertion sites. The classical least squares (CLS) fitting model was created from reference spectra derived from pure bone and soft-tissue components, and spectral maps collected at multiple sites from ACL and RCT specimens. The results suggest that different source of interface shows different boundary, even they seems have the same components. Compared to the common histology results, it provided intact molecular information that can easily distinguished some relative component change.

scholarly journals Contemporary forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Trokhymovych Komziuk ◽  
Ruslan Semenovych Orlovskyi ◽  
Bohdan Mykhailovich Orlovskyi ◽  
Taisa Vasylivna Rodionova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Preventive Methods

The purpose of the paper is to examine the most efficient forms and methods of counteracting narcotization in society, especially of the youth, and also to characterize the most important factors of the proliferation of narcotization. The authors used the following methods in the research: dialectical, dogmatic, method of systematic analysis and comparative-legal method. The paper analyses forms and methods of counteracting narcotization of the youth in Ukraine and worldwide. It elaborates the definition of the following terms: “narcotization”, “counteracting narcotization”, “forms of counteracting narcotization” and “methods of counteracting narcotization”. It ascertains that emerging and proliferation of narcotization has a direct correlation with the complex of social factors, each one of them obtained a specific characteristic. Besides analyzing the major factors of emergence and proliferation of narcotization of the youth, the paper gives particular attention to defining forms, methods and means of counteracting this socially harmful phenomenon. The paper studies positive experience in regard to activities of law enforcement agencies of the developed countries in the sphere of counteracting narcotization, including narcotization of the youth. It emphasizes that coercive methods of reducing narcotization have much lower efficiency compared to preventive methods that are generally more humane and economically efficient. The paper formulates the conclusion about the necessity of ongoing engagement of the community in counteracting narcotization of society, especially of the youth.

Featuring few essential Raman spectroscopic signatures between heterogeneous cells

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin Dai ◽  
Liu Wang ◽  
Chuan Luo ◽  
Wenkang Li ◽  
Qing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures

Multidimensional Raman Spectroscopic Signatures as a Tool for Forensic Identification of Body Fluid Traces: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1223-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitali Sikirzhytski ◽  
Aliaksandra Sikirzhytskaya ◽  
Igor K. Lednev
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures

Raman Spectroscopic Study of Valuable Idols from UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kathmandu, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
T. Katuwal ◽  
S. K. Acharya ◽  
B. Bashyal ◽  
C. Neupane ◽  
B. Sapkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Vibrational Modes ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Major Band ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Raman Spectral

As an important step towards the conservation of valuable world heritage assets in Kathmandu, we performed Raman spectral studies on several valuable idols located in UNESCO World Heritage Sites for internal identification purposes. A spectrum of a stone idol in the Mohankali Chowk has a major band at 1093.5 cm-1 which may be identified as a C-O stretching vibration within the carbonate groups of CaCO3. The Raman spectra of a bull situated in the same Chowk has two major bands at the wavenumbers of 1812.7 and 3552.4 cm-1 which are assigned as combined vibrational modes of CO3 and hydroxyl stretching band, respectively. Similarly, the spectrum of a Shivalinga located at Pashupati Bankali has a major band at 467.7 cm-1. This band is formed by the movement of the oxygen atom in Si-O-Si, which is a symmetric stretching mode indicating the presence of crystalline silica (SiO2) in the Shivalinga. The Raman spectrum of Lord Changunarayan in Garuda located in the Changunarayan temple premises has a strong band at the wavenumber 462.6 cm-1, denoting the presence of quartz (SiO2).

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