The Varieties of General Paralysis of the Insane

1878 ◽  
Vol 24 (105) ◽  
pp. 25-49
Author(s):  
W. Julius Mickle
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Serous Effusion ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
Chronic Meningitis ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Organic Lesions

In any large group of cases of general paralysis, there are such differences in the mental symptoms, the paretic signs, the mode of onset, the course, intercurrent affections, duration, variability and mobility of symptoms, and pathological anatomy of the several cases, that one must feel that there are varieties of the disease. This has led to subdivisions of the affection, or grouping of its cases, scarcely any of which have had a pathological basis. True it is that Bayle, who was the first to differentiate general paralysis, and who attributed its striking phenomena each to a special morbid change, was led to place his cases in five series, in the first of which were simply the lesions of chronic meningitis, and in the second abundant serous effusion was added to these; in the third consecutive inflammation of the grey cortex; in the fourth arachnoid false membranes (cysts); and in the fifth various cerebral affections, complicated the chronic inflammation of the soft membranes. Yet many of his explanations are obviously incorrect, although his work marks a marvellous advance in science. Again, Baillarger, Requin, Prus, Duhamel, Duchenne, Sandras and others, held that general paralysis occurred either with or without insanity, and the first-named of these denied that the insanity is anything more than secondary and accessory in general paralysis of the insane.∗ Further, he speaks, and in this is followed by Lunier, of the symptoms of general paralysis as being produced by (1) chronic meningo-encephalitis, and by (2) chronic hydrocephalus (Dance, Moulin), or serous effusion following apoplexy (Rochoux, Moulin), or symptomatic of organic lesions. But they do not in any way distinguish between the cases arising from the two kinds of lesion, further than that Lunier asserts an absence of trembling of the limbs in those from lesions of the second kind.

The Varieties of General Paralysis of the Insane

1878 ◽  
Vol 24 (105) ◽  
pp. 25-49
Author(s):  
W. Julius Mickle
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Serous Effusion ◽  
Chronic Hydrocephalus ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
Chronic Meningitis ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Organic Lesions

In any large group of cases of general paralysis, there are such differences in the mental symptoms, the paretic signs, the mode of onset, the course, intercurrent affections, duration, variability and mobility of symptoms, and pathological anatomy of the several cases, that one must feel that there are varieties of the disease. This has led to subdivisions of the affection, or grouping of its cases, scarcely any of which have had a pathological basis. True it is that Bayle, who was the first to differentiate general paralysis, and who attributed its striking phenomena each to a special morbid change, was led to place his cases in five series, in the first of which were simply the lesions of chronic meningitis, and in the second abundant serous effusion was added to these; in the third consecutive inflammation of the grey cortex; in the fourth arachnoid false membranes (cysts); and in the fifth various cerebral affections, complicated the chronic inflammation of the soft membranes. Yet many of his explanations are obviously incorrect, although his work marks a marvellous advance in science. Again, Baillarger, Requin, Prus, Duhamel, Duchenne, Sandras and others, held that general paralysis occurred either with or without insanity, and the first-named of these denied that the insanity is anything more than secondary and accessory in general paralysis of the insane.∗ Further, he speaks, and in this is followed by Lunier, of the symptoms of general paralysis as being produced by (1) chronic meningo-encephalitis, and by (2) chronic hydrocephalus (Dance, Moulin), or serous effusion following apoplexy (Rochoux, Moulin), or symptomatic of organic lesions. But they do not in any way distinguish between the cases arising from the two kinds of lesion, further than that Lunier asserts an absence of trembling of the limbs in those from lesions of the second kind.

Clinical Notes on Haemorrhages in General Paralysis

1886 ◽  
Vol 31 (136) ◽  
pp. 504-507
Author(s):  
Geo. H. Savage
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Nervous Disease ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
System A ◽  
General Pathology ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The One ◽  
Nutritional Changes

In so-called nervous disorders it is common to find changes occur in other of the bodily systems than the nervous. The pathology of nervous disease should be looked upon as a general pathology, and it is certain that we cannot look to the one system alone for causes of all the nervous disorders without greatly misunderstanding the whole subject. The more exact we become in limiting the causes, the more liable are we to error. We are all prepared to consider general paralysis of the insane as essentially a disease of the nervous system, a disease in which nearly every part of the nervous system may suffer sooner or later. But beside the essentially nervous symptoms which occur in the disease, we are constantly struck by the regular series of nutritional changes which occur in general paralysis, and this is so much the case that we are quite prepared to recognise as general paralysis a disorder in which any mental symptoms have been present, but have after a brief period of acuteness been followed by a state of fatness and weak-mindedness which again has been followed by a period of wasting and further mental weakness. We have here nervous symptoms related very directly with nutritional changes.

Aphasia and Chorea in General Paralysis

1875 ◽  
Vol 21 (95) ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Clouston
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Disease ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Short Period

The general progressive disease in the structure of the nervous centres, and the steady deterioration of their functions, that constitute by far the chief part of general paralysis, are attended in their course in some cases by various nervous symptoms that closely imitate many of the neuroses of sensibility and motion; such as neuralgia, amaurosis, locomotor ataxy, glosso-pharyngeal paralysis, hemiplegia, apoplexy and epilepsy. Indeed, it is not uncommon for cases of the disease to be diagnosed as epilepsy and glosso-pharyngeal paralysis. I have lately had three cases of the disease under my care, in two of which the ordinary symptoms of aphasia were present for a short period in one stage of the disease, and in the third the symptoms of unilateral chorea were well marked.

Traité de la Paralysis Générale des Aliénés. Par M. Voisin

1880 ◽  
Vol 25 (112) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Keyword(s):  
General Paralysis ◽  
Mental Symptoms

The last class includes the so-called “general paralysis without mental symptoms.”

Some Doubtful Cases of So-Called General Paralysis of the Insane

1914 ◽  
Vol 60 (249) ◽  
pp. 291-295
Author(s):  
W. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disease ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Wassermann Reaction

Cases of mental disease which give definite mental symptoms and physical signs of the condition recognised and at present called general paralysis of the insane, and which, moreover give a Wassermann reaction, seem to be invariably due to syphilis, and to contain in many cases spirochætes in the cerebral substance. Out of seven such cases of well-marked general paralysis, which on death were examined for spirochætes by Dr. McIntosh, six cases showed the presence of spirochætes. The seventh case was regarded as doubtful.

scholarly journals Epidermoid Cyst of the IV Ventricle: Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (01) ◽  
pp. 041-045
Author(s):  
Washington Clésio da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
Ricardo Macedo Camelo ◽  
Josias Inácio da Silva ◽  
Moana Vergetti Malta ◽  
Rafael Costa Camelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Obstructive Hydrocephalus ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
Cerebellar Syndrome ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractEpidermoid cysts constitute congenital, benign and rare lesions, corresponding to ∼ 0.2% to 1.8% of all intracranial tumors. Only 5% of the cases are located in the fourth ventricle. Despite their genesis in intrauterine life, they are usually diagnosed between the third and fifth decades of life due to their very slow growth pattern. The image weighted by the diffusion of the magnetic resonance is essential to establish the diagnosis. The ideal treatment consists of emptying the cystic content with complete capsule resection. In the present work, we report the case of a 31-year-old female with cerebellar syndrome that evolved with intracranial hypertension. The symptomatology was due to an obstructive hydrocephalus by an epidermoid cyst located inside the fourth ventricle, which was confirmed by the pathological anatomy.

Mental Disease (not General Paralysis) associated with Tabes Dorsalis

1897 ◽  
Vol 43 (180) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
P. W. Macdonald ◽  
A. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disease ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Tabes Dorsalis ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Nerve Tracts

The object of this paper is not so much to relate anything that is new as to show that mental symptoms are not always easy of classification when associated with organic changes in nerve tracts outside the cerebral cavity.

The Discovery of General Paralysis

1923 ◽  
Vol 69 (284) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Pathological Anatomy ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
The Mind

On November 21, 1822, a young man named A. L. J. Bayle presented a thesis for the Doctorate of Medicine to the Faculty of Paris. It was entitled “Recherches sur les Maladies Mentales,” and it was sustained. In this thesis Bayle recorded the opinion that general and incomplete paralysis and mental disorder, when they developed side by side, were caused by chronic arachnitis. In other words that these two groups of phenomena—a certain form of paralysis and disorder of the mind—were the associated symptoms of a definite disease, having a distinctive pathological anatomy. This was an opinion never expressed before by anyone, and it has since then been proved to be true in its essential features. The disease he referred to is now known as general paralysis of the insane.

scholarly journals Polish Consulate in Odessa in 1918 – 1920 and its Archive

2017 ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ciesielski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

General Consulate of the Republic of Poland established in Odessa in 2003 is the third Polish diplomatic mission in the Black Sea region of present – day Ukraine. The second Polish consulate, representing the reviving Polish statehood, functioned at the Black Sea between January 1919 and the beginning of February 1920, with almost a 5-month-long break, during the first Bolshevik occupation of Odessa. Zenon Belina Brzozowki was the consul in office during the period of January, 4, 1919 to March, 3, 1919 and then again since the end of August, (between April and August he stayed in Istanbul), in October and November, 1919 he was replaced by Stanisław Srokowski, a diplomat in the rank of I class consul, i.e. the present general consul. The consulate changed its location few times, and in different months the number of its employees varied from a few people to over a dozen. The consulat functioned in Odessa until March, 3, 1920 when it was evacuated along with a large group of Polish citizens because of the inevitability of the Bolshevik takeover of the city. Consulate staff and archives reached Warsaw in March 1920. Not many archival materials regarding the functioning of Polish consulat in the Black Sea region were saved.

On General Paralysis

1861 ◽  
Vol 7 (38) ◽  
pp. 278-285
Author(s):  
Harrington Tuke
Keyword(s):  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Organic Life ◽  
Careful Treatment ◽  
Convulsive Seizures

The physical symptoms attending the general paralysis of the insane have been shown to present in their progress three well-defined stages. Some of the earliest physical signs—any one of which associated with a particular form of insanity will almost infallibly indicate the first stage of this special disorder—are the intermittent pulse, the irregular or contracted pupil, the quivering lip or embarrassed articulation. The second stage is marked by loss of power in the upper extremities, by a gait more or less unsteady, by diminished sensation in the cutaneous nerves, or by the loss of some of the special senses. In the third period the disease approaches its climax, in an entire want of motory power, and by an impairment of all the nervous functions so universal, that although organic life may, under careful treatment, be prolonged for a considerable time, the patient may be said to exist rather than to live. Epileptiform attacks may precede or accompany any one of these stages. They sometimes very distinctly mark out their boundaries, or the disorder may run its course without any recognised convulsive seizures.

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