Psychiatric Morbidity in the First-Degree Relatives of Schizophrenic Patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (5) ◽  
pp. 672-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashjit L. Varma ◽  
Indira Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Biological Relationship ◽  
Morbidity Risks ◽  
And Control

First-degree relatives (FDRs) of 1018 schizophrenic and 812 control probands were investigated. Psychiatric morbidity was present in 34.8% of FDRs of schizophrenic probands and in 9.2% of FDRs of controls. There was significantly more psychiatric illness in the siblings and parents than in the offspring of both schizophrenic and control subjects. The morbidity risks for schizoid-schizotypal personality disorders, cannabis-use disorder and paranoid personality disorder were significantly higher in the FDRs of schizophrenic patients than in those of controls, suggesting a biological relationship.

Psychiatric Illness in First-Degree Relatives of Patients with Paranoid Psychosis, Schizophrenia and Medical Illness

1985 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Kendler ◽  
Catherine C. Masterson ◽  
Kenneth L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
The Family ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Paranoid Psychosis

This study examines the respective morbid risk for psychiatric illness determined by the family history method in the first-degree relatives of medical controls and patients with delusional disorder (paranoid psychosis) and schizophrenia. The morbid risk for schizophrenia and schizoid-schizotypal personality disorder was significantly greater in the relatives of the schizophrenic patients than in those of the delusional disorder or medical control patients, but no difference in the risk for affective illness or alcoholism was found in the three groups of relatives. Paranoid personality disorder was significantly more common in the relatives of the delusional disorder patients than in those of the medical controls. These results support the familial independence of delusional disorder and schizophrenia.

Family Psychiatric Morbidity, Parental Deprivation and Socio-Economic Status in Cases of Mania

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Manic Patients

Manic-depressive psychosis is considered to comprise two different clinical entities, bipolar and monopolar. This dichotomy is based mainly on Western clinical material. The present study aimed at eliciting any differences that might exist between monopolar and bipolar manic patients in respect of three factors: (i) occurrence of psychiatric illness in first degree relatives; (ii) parental death before the patient's 15th birthday; and (iii) socio-economic status of the patient. Venkoba Rao (1973) studied the differences between monopolar and bipolar endogenous depressives on three factors: occurrence of affective disorder (including suicide) in first degree relatives; parental loss before the patient's 12th birthday, and the extent of ‘jointness' of the patient's family.

Specific types of personality disorder

2012 ◽  
pp. 861-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Carrasco ◽  
Dusica Lecic-Tosevski
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
General Medical Condition ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders

This chapter begins by discussing the epidemiology, aetiology, clinical picture, course, differential diagnosis, and treatment of various Cluster A personality disorders (Paranoid personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder), Cluster B personality disorders (antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder (BPD), histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder) and Cluster C personality disorders (avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder (JLC), and obsessive–compulsive (anankastic) personality disorder). Other personality disorders (not included in DSM-IV) are also covered, including passive–aggressive (negativistic) personality disorder, self-defeating (masochistic) personality disorder, sadistic personality disorder, depressive personality disorder, and personality changes, including enduring personality changes after traumatic experiences and personality change due to a general medical condition (JLC).

Age at Onset, Sex, and Familial Psychiatric Morbidity in Schizophrenia

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak Chung Sham ◽  
Peter Jones ◽  
Ailsa Russell ◽  
Karyna Gilvarry ◽  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Functional Psychosis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Research Diagnostic Criteria

BackgroundAlthough a genetic component in schizophrenia is well established, it is likely that the contribution of genetic factors is not constant for all cases. Several recent studies have found that the relatives of female or early onset schizophrenic patients have an increased risk of schizophrenia, compared to relatives of male or late onset cases. These hypotheses are tested in the current study.MethodA family study design was employed; the probands were 195 patients with functional psychosis admitted to three south London hospitals, diagnosed using Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), and assessed using the Present State Examination (PSE). Information on their relatives was obtained by personal interview of the mother of the proband, and from medical records. Psychiatric diagnoses were made using Family History – Research Diagnostic Criteria (FH-RDC), blind to proband information.ResultsThere was a tendency for homotypia in the form of psychosis within families. The lifetime risk of schizophrenia in the first degree relatives of schizophrenic probands, and the risk of bipolar disorder in the first degree relatives of bipolar probands, were 5–10 times higher than reported population risks. Relatives of female and early onset (<22 years) schizophrenic probands had higher risk of schizophrenia than relatives of male and late onset schizophrenic probands. However, this effect was compensated in part by an excess of non-schizophrenic psychoses in the relatives of male probands.ConclusionsThese results suggest a high familial, possibly genetic, loading in female and early onset schizophrenia, but do not resolve the question of heterogeneity within schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Review of pharmacologic treatment in cluster A personality disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessa Koch ◽  
Taylor Modesitt ◽  
Melissa Palmer ◽  
Sarah Ward ◽  
Bobbie Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Personality Disorder ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Schizoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽  
Paranoid Personality ◽  
Cluster A

Abstract Introduction: A personality disorder is a pervasive and enduring pattern of behaviors that impacts an individual's social, occupational, and overall functioning. Specifically, the cluster A personality disorders include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. Patients with cluster A personality disorders tend to be isolative and avoid relationships. The quality of life may also be reduced in these individuals, which provokes the question of how to treat patients with these personality disorders. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current literature for pharmacologic treatments for the cluster A personality disorders. Methods: A Medline/PubMed and Ovid search was conducted to identify literature on the psychopharmacology of paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. There were no exclusions in terms of time frame from article publication or country of publication, in order to provide a comprehensive analysis; however, only articles that contained information on the cluster A disorders were included. Results: Minimal evidence regarding pharmacotherapy in paranoid and schizoid personality disorders was found. Literature was available for pharmacologic treatment of schizotypal personality disorder. Studies evaluating the use of olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol, fluoxetine, and thiothixene did yield beneficial results; however, treatment with such agents should be considered on a case-by-case basis. Discussion: Most of the literature analyzed in this review presented theoretical ideas of what may constitute the neurobiologic factors of personality and what treatments may address these aspects. Further research is needed to evaluate specific pharmacologic treatment in the cluster A personality disorders. At this time, treatment with pharmacologic agents is based on theory rather than evidence.

Cerebral function and the EEG in psychiatric disorder: a hypothesis

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Cerebral Function ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Functional Organisation ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

SynopsisIndependent studies which showed a difference between the EEG frequency spectra of test and control groups have been compared. Some of the test groups included schizophrenic patients, others comprised groups with dyslexia, reading disability and left preference. The EEG differences between the test and control groups are shown to be similar across the studies. It is suggested that the common attribute of the test groups relates to the functional organisation of the brain and that investigation of EEG correlates of this phenomenon may be of value to research into the biological basis of psychiatric illness.

A controlled family study of late-onset non-affective psychosis (late paraphrenia)

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Howard ◽  
C. Graham ◽  
P. Sham ◽  
J. Dennehey ◽  
D. J. Castle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe relationship between those schizophrenia-like conditions that have their onset in late life and early-onset schizophrenia is unclear. Very few family history studies of patients with late-onset psychosis have been reported, and it is not known whether their relatives have an increased risk of psychosis.MethodInformation was collected on the psychiatric morbidity of 269 first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia or delusional disorder with an onset after the age of 60 (late paraphrenia), and 272 first-degree relatives of healthy elderly control subjects, using a research diagnostic instrument.ResultsWith a narrow age range (15–50 years) at risk, the estimated lifetime risk of schizophrenia was 1.3% in the relatives of both cases and controls. With a wider age range (15–90 years) at risk, estimated lifetime risk of schizophrenia was 2.3% for the relatives of cases, and 2.2% for the relatives of controls. However, depression was significantly more common among the relatives of cases than controls.ConclusionThose schizophrenia-like psychoses with onset in late life are not genetically associated with schizophrenia.

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