The Effect of Retention on the Relapse of Class II Division I Cases

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
The Other ◽  
Division I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Skull Radiographs

Sixty cases of Class II Division 1 malocclusion were studied; 30 of them had been retained after the completion of orthodontic treatment, the other 30 had not and acted as a control group. Using measurements from lateral skull radiographs and statistical analysis, the two groups were compared in respect of skeletal pattern, soft tissue, overjet, overbite and interincisal angle. Both the retained and the non-retained group showed a tendency to relapse after the completion of active treatment; a tendency to relapse even while in retention was observed. The relapse in overjet was found to be more significant than the relapse in overbite. In both groups the relapse in overjet was found to be associated with the size of the original overjet, the overbite at the end of active treatment and the interincisal angle at the end of active treatment. In both groups the relapse in overbite was found to be associated with the size of the original overbite, the change in maxillary-mandibular planes angle and the interincisal angle at the end of active treatment.

The Problem of Overbite in Class II, Division 2 Malocclusion

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. E. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
The Other ◽  
Division I ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Skull Radiographs ◽  
Division 2

The paper studies 60 Class II, Division 2 malocclusions, from lateral skull radiographs taken before treatment and at least 1 year after the end of retention. In the first part of the paper the nature of the malocclusion is analysed. It usually exhibits a Class II skeletal pattern, and while this is on average milder than for Class II, Division I, there is a marked variation between individuals. Other factors are a high inter-incisal angle, a high lip-line, and in some cases a small lower facial height. The upper and lower facial heights, on the other hand, are not appreciably greater than normal. The results of treatment are then analysed. Successful overbite reduction would seem to be associated with a reduction in inter-incisal angle and a relative lowering of the lower lip-line. Growth appears to be important in achieving overbite reduction. It is suggested that favourable rotation of the mandible may be a factor in overbite reduction in some cases, and this would repay further study. Finally attention is turned to the effect of incisor proclination. This was usually more successful in the lower jaw, but again there was wide individual variation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tongue posture & dimensions in relation to skeletal Class I and Class II patterns- A cephalometric study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-281
Author(s):  
Puja Khanna ◽  
Sumit Chhabra ◽  
Preeti Munjal ◽  
Sunny Mittal ◽  
Nishtha Arora
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Bonferroni Test ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Association of tongue posture with dental and facial skeletal pattern have been suggested in past. This study was undertaken to assess tongue posture and dimensions in Class I and Class II Dentoskeletal patterns to determine whether any correlation exists between tongue posture and skeletal pattern of an individual. Cephalograms of 150 individuals (aged 18-23 years), taken in Natural Head Position (NHP) and tongue at rest were divided into three groups i.e. Group 1 – Class I Normal occlusion, Group 2 – Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Group 3 – Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent, consisting of 50 samples each. To ensure the rest position of tongue, patient was asked to relax for 30 seconds after coating the tongue with barium sulphate in midline and then to swallow, and the X-ray was taken at the end of swallowing. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to sex. Groups were constituted according to the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) angle. The subjects who had skeletal Class II pattern due to mandibular retrusion and not due to maxillary prognathism were only included in the study group. Statistical analysis was done using the software SPSS version 21.0. The statistical tests used were unpaired t-test and One-way ANOVA test with post-hoc bonferroni test. The p-value was considered significant if less than 0.05.The dorsum of the tongue was higher at back and lower in front in Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent group as compared to Class I Normal occlusion group (P<.05). Tongue height and tongue length were significantly reduced in Class II Division 1 Normodivergent and Class II Division 1 Hypodivergent malocclusion groups when compared to Class I control group (P<.05).The study supports the existence of a relationship between posture & dimensions of the tongue with Class I and Class II skeletal patterns.

scholarly journals Lip Morphological Changes in Orthodontic Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Toru Kitahara ◽  
Lutfun Naher ◽  
Atsushi Hara ◽  
Akihiko Nakasima
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upward Movement ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the morphological changes in the lips and to determine the degree of improvement in the smile after orthodontic treatment for Class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: The sample subjects were divided into two groups: a group that consisted of 20 adult female patients with Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion and a control group that consisted of 28 adult female volunteers with normal occlusion. Frontal photographs were taken before and after orthodontic treatment, and 35 landmarks were placed on each tracing made from the photograph. Thereafter, landmarks were digitized into an x- and y-coordinate system with the subnasal point as the origin. The comparisons between pretreatment and posttreatment at rest and on smiling, and the comparisons between Class II division 1 and control group were made using Student's t-test. Results: Both the upper and lower lips in the smile of patients in the Class II division 1 pretreatment group were positioned downward, and the upward movement of the upper lip and mouth corners was smaller in comparison with the control group. These characteristics of the Class II smile improved after orthodontic treatment, but the differences with the control group remained unchanged immediately after treatment. Conclusion: The soft tissue morphology shows a relative improvement after orthodontic treatment.

Changes in Molar Occlusion after Extraction of All First Pre-molars: A Follow-up Study of Class II Division 1 Cases Treated with Removable Appliances

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Stephens ◽  
T. G. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Division I ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Spontaneous Improvement ◽  
Removable Appliance ◽  
Removable Appliances ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Spontaneous improvement in molar occlusion is often assumed to accompany orthodontic treatment of the Class II Division I case where all pre-molars have been removed. The investigation shows that while the buccal occlusion generally improves after the completion of removable appliance treatment this is seldom enough to correct a Class II molar relationship.

scholarly journals Influence of fixed appliances on two-phase orthopedic-orthodontic treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18922
Author(s):  
Leniana Santos Neves ◽  
Luiz Filiphe Gonçalves Canuto ◽  
Rodrigo Hermont Cançado ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
Alexandre Fortes Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Aim: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the effects of phase 2 with fixed appliances, after phase 1 Bionator treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion, as compared to a matching control group. Methods: The experimental group consisted of 20 patients who were evaluated after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances subsequently to functional therapy with the Bionator in phase 1.  A control group consisting of 20 Class II, division 1 individuals. Results: During phase 1 there was significant forward growth restriction in the maxillary complex, improvement of the maxillomandibular relationship and decrease in facial convexity.  There was also significant reduction of the maxillary incisor proclination and protrusion, protrusion of the mandibular incisors, and vertical development of the mandibular molars.  The overjet was significantly reduced and the molar relationship was significantly improved.  Treatment during phase 2, with fixed appliances, resulted in significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction. Conclusion:  Major Class II skeletal and dentoalveolar anteroposterior correction was obtained during phase 1, with the Bionator.  Phase 2, with fixed appliances only produced a significant maxillary forward growth restriction and facial convexity reduction, without any significant dentoalveolar change.

Changes in Tooth Position and Vertical Dimension in Severe Class II Division 1 Cases during Begg Treatment

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Angle Class Ii ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Skull Radiographs ◽  
Apical Base ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

This study was based on a cephalometric analysis of 45 children composed of two groups: a treated group with an Angle Class II division 1 occlusion and an untreated control group. The object of this study was to investigate changes in the dentofacial complex as a result of Begg therapy in the group of children having an Angle Class II division 1 occlusion compared with the untreated control group. Each child of the treated group had lateral skull radiographs taken during the experimental period: one before commencement of treatment, the second at the end of the first stage of treatment; that is as soon as the incisors reached an edge-to-edge relationship; and the third at the end of treatment 12 months after appliances were removed. Two lateral skull radiographs were taken of the children who formed the control group, one at the beginning, and the other at the end, of the experimental period. It was found that short term changes in the dento-facial complex during Begg treatment were associated with a significant increase in the height of the lower molars, a significant reduction in the height of the lower incisors and a significant reduction in apical base difference. The long term changes in the dentofacial complex as a result of Begg treatment were associated with a significant increase in the height of the lower molars, a significant reduction in apical base difference and some increase in lower facial height.

Perbedaan Analisis Sefalometri Skeletal Sebelum dan Sesudah Perawatan Alat Myofunctional pada Pasien Maloklusi Dentoskeletal Kelas II Divisi I dalam Masa Pertumbuhan dengan Metode Steiner

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nugroho Ahmad Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analytic Study ◽  
Statistic Analysis ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

The aim of orthodontics treatment is normalization of teeth position in three planes, using various orthodontics appliance to reach the chepalometric standar and normal occlusion. Orthodontic treatment for dentoskeletal class II division 1 malocclusion in growing patients using myofunctional appliance may correct anteroposterior planes of mandibula. This study was a descriptive retrospective analytic study to look at the success of Orthodontic treatment for dentoskeletal class II division 1 in growing patients with myofunctional appliance using chepalometrics analysis Steiner value. The sample used in this study is chepalogram radiographic from patient with dentoskeletal class II division 1 malocclusion in growing patients before and after using myofunctional appliance in PPDGS orthodontics Clinic of Padjadjaran University. Statistic analysis were performed with pair t-test and Wilcoxon. Based on this study, it is concluded that orthodontic treatment with myofunctional appliance such as activator and twin block in growing patient with dentoskeletal class II division 1 malocclusion shows significant changes and compatibility with the normal criteria.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal changes in mild to moderate Class II malocclusions treated by either a Twin-block or Xbow appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayeh Ehsani ◽  
Brian Nebbe ◽  
David Normando ◽  
Manuel O Lagravere ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Length Increase

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare the short-term skeletal and dental effects of two-phase orthodontic treatment including either a Twin-block or an XBow appliance. Materials and Methods:  This was a retrospective clinical trial of 50 consecutive Class II cases treated in a private practice with either a Twin-block (25) or XBow (25) appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment. To factor out growth, an untreated Class II control group (25) was considered. Results:  A MANOVA of treatment/observation changes followed by univariate pairwise comparisons showed that the maxilla moved forward less in the treatment groups than in the control group. As for mandibular changes, the corpus length increase was larger in the Twin-block group by 3.9 mm. Dentally, mesial movement of mandibular molars was greater in both treatment groups. Although no distalization of maxillary molars was found in either treatment group, restriction of mesial movement of these teeth was seen in both treatment groups. Both treatment groups demonstrated increased mandibular incisor proclination with larger increases for the XBow group by 3.3°. The Wits value was decreased by 1.6 mm more in the Twin-block group. No sex-related differences were observed. Conclusions:  Class II correction using an XBow or Twin-block followed by fixed appliances occurs through a relatively similar combination of dental and skeletal effects. An increase in mandibular incisor inclination for the XBow group and an increased corpus length for the Twin-block group were notable exceptions. No overall treatment length differences were seen.

scholarly journals Mandibular Asymmetry in Different Occlusion Patterns

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Said Sezgin ◽  
Peruze Celenk ◽  
Selim Arici
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Division 2

Abstract Objective: To investigate the effects of different occlusion types on the mandibular asymmetry in young individuals. Materials and Methods: Mandibular asymmetry measurements were performed on the panoramic radiographs of 189 subjects (104 females and 85 males; age range, 11–15 years), with different occlusion patterns. The subjects were divided into five groups according to the occlusion types, namely, Angle Class I (Cl I), Class II division 1 (Cl II/1), Class II division 2 (Cl II/2), Class III (Cl III), and normal occlusions. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the possible statistically significant differences between the groups for condyle, ramus, and condyle-plus-ramus asymmetry index measurements. Identified differences between groups were further analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test at the 95% confidence interval (P < .05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between male and female subjects. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the occlusion type had a significant effect on the condylar asymmetry. In Cl II/1 cases, condylar asymmetry values were significantly different from the values of Cl II/2 and Cl III malocclusion and normal occlusion types. The normal occlusion control group was significantly different from those of Cl II/1 and the Cl I malocclusion groups. Conclusion: Cl II/1 malocclusion has a significant effect on the condylar asymmetry index when compared to Cl II/2 and Cl III malocclusion and normal occlusion types. However, the mean condylar asymmetry index value in Cl II/1 malocclusion was not different from Cl I malocclusion.

scholarly journals Class II Division 1 malocclusion treatment using TADs: Case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Tina Pajevic ◽  
Jovana Juloski ◽  
Marija Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Devices ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Incisor Retraction ◽  
Class Ii Division 1

Introduction. Orthodontic treatment of Class II Division 1 (II/1) malocclusions in adults can be challenging since skeletal effects are limited. Possible treatment options are orthodontic camouflage or orthognatic surgery, in severe cases. The aim of this paper was to present a successful management of Class II malocclusion in an adult patient using temporary anchorage devices (TADs). Case report. After detailed clinical examination, study models and cephalometric analysis, a 26 years old patient was diagnosed with Class II malocclusion, an overjet of 12 mm, congenitally missing tooth 41 and midline shifted to the right in upper dental arch. In prior orthodontic treatment, patient had upper premolars extracted. Posterior teeth in upper left quadrant were shifted mesially. The camouflage treatment was considered, using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) to distalize posterior teeth on the left side, and gain space for incisor retraction and midline correction in upper dental arch. Results. Using TADs as additional anchorage in anterior region and coil spring for molar distalization, the space was made for tooth 23, midline correction and incisor retraction. After 40 months, a satisfactory result was achieved, overjet and midline correction, class I canines occlusion and class II molar occlusion. Conclusion. Class II/1 malocclusion in adults can be successfully treated using TADs. The success depends on the severity of malocclusion and patient cooperation.

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