scholarly journals Simultaneous differential staining of nucleic acids, proteins, conjugated proteins and polar lipids by a cationic carbocyanine dye.

1975 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Green
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Carbocyanine Dye ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Multiple Interactions

The multiple interactions of the cationic carbocyanine dye, 1-ethyl-naptho-[1,2d]thiazolin-2-ylidene)-2-methylpropenyl]naptho[1,2d]thiazolium bromide, 'Stains-described. Many of these substances could be distinguished from one another on the basis of color in conjunction with chemical and enzymatic digestions. Further studies with this dye have shown that under certain conditions polar lipids as well may be distinguished from these substances. Stains-all has a highly sensitive metachromatic reaction for the presence of polar lipids. It is possible to detect the lipids in large part because they are green and contrast with a red- or pink-stained protein background and with the blue-purple of nuclei or cartilage. Where other green substances occur as in sialoglycoproteins of mucous or membranes, the lipids can be distinguished because they are extracted by chloroform-methanol (2:1) or pyridine.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS DIFFERENTIAL STAINING BY A CATIONIC CARBOCYANINE DYE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS, PROTEINS AND CONJUGATED PROTEINS I. PHOSPHOPROTEINS

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE R. GREEN ◽  
JULLIA V. PASTEWKA
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Absorption Maximum ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Carbocyanine Dye ◽  
Pregnant Mice ◽  
Multiple Interactions

The cationic carbocyanine dye l-ethyl-2-[3-(l-ethylnaphtho[l,2d]thiazolin-2-ylidene)-2-methylpropenyl]-naphtho[1,2d]thiazolium bromide interacts in different ways with several classes of polymeric anions in solution. This results in changes in absorption maxima which differ from the absorption maximum of the dye solution. The multiple interactions with macromolecules were demonstrated in histologic sections. Under appropriate electrolyte, dye and hydrogen ion concentrations, nucleic acids, proteins and conjugated proteins were distinguished from each other by color. The phosphoproteins stained blue, proteins red, nucleic acids purple and mucoproteins and mucopolysaccharides various colors. Further discrimination was obtained by chemical procedures and enzymatic digestions. Secretions in alveolar and ductal lumina in the mammary glands of pregnant mice were shown to stain differentially from the other macromolecules. It is inferred on the basis of enzymatic and chemical procedures that the secretions stained blue because of their phosphoprotein content. Conventional staining procedures did not allow this distinction to be made.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS DIFFERENTIAL STAINING BY A CATIONIC CARBOCYANINE DYE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS, PROTEINS AND CONJUGATED PROTEINS II. CARBOHYDRATE AND SULFATED CARBOHYDRATE-CONTAINING PROTEINS

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 774-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE R. GREEN ◽  
JULLIA V. PASTEWKA
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Pathologic Diagnosis ◽  
Carbocyanine Dye ◽  
Sulfated Carbohydrate ◽  
Color Reactions ◽  
Staining Time

The cationic carbocyanine dye l-ethyl-2-[3-(l-ethylnaphtho[l,2d]thiazolin-2-ylidene)-2-methylprolpenyl]-naphtho[1, 2d]thiazolium bromide stains several classes of macromolecules differentially in histologic sections. Most proteins are red at pH 4.3 and pink or unstained at pH 2.8. The caseins are blue at pH 4.3 and unstained at pH 2.8. Nuclei stain purple, mast cells stain red-purple, cartilage stains purple and mucoproteins stain blue-green at both hydrogen ion concentrations. The nature of some of the macromolecules involved in these color reactions has been determined by the use of chemical and enzymatic procedures and by staining films of glycosaminoglycuronoglycans, proteins and conjugated proteins. The method requires less than 1 hr staining time for most tissues; the stain is stable when kept in the dark and has the advantage of distinguishing several macromolecules in tissues simultaneously. The simplicity of the method and the ability to discriminate classes of macromolecules in tissues should make this stain valuable in pathologic diagnosis.

Application strategies of peptide nucleic acids toward electrochemical nucleic acid sensors

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingteng Lai ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yanke Zhang ◽  
Zheng-Chun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Peptide Nucleic Acids ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Acid Sensors

Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have attracted tremendous interest in the fabrication of highly sensitive electrochemical nucleic acid biosensor due to their higher stability and increased sensitivity than common DNA probes....

scholarly journals Highly sensitive dual mode electrochemical platform for microRNA detection

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Jolly ◽  
Marina R. Batistuti ◽  
Anna Miodek ◽  
Pavel Zhurauski ◽  
Marcelo Mulato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Microrna Detection ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Detection Mode ◽  
Amplification Strategy

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in various human diseases including cancer, making them promising biomarkers. However, given the low levels of miRNAs present in blood, their use as cancer biomarkers requires the development of simple and effective analytical methods. Herein, we report the development of a highly sensitive dual mode electrochemical platform for the detection of microRNAs. The platform was developed using peptide nucleic acids as probes on gold electrode surfaces to capture target miRNAs. A simple amplification strategy using gold nanoparticles has been employed exploiting the inherent charges of the nucleic acids. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to monitor the changes in capacitance upon any binding event, without the need for any redox markers. By using thiolated ferrocene, a complementary detection mode on the same sensor was developed where the increasing peaks of ferrocene were recorded using square wave voltammetry with increasing miRNA concentration. This dual-mode approach allows detection of miRNA with a limit of detection of 0.37 fM and a wide dynamic range from 1 fM to 100 nM along with clear distinction from mismatched target miRNA sequences. The electrochemical platform developed can be easily expanded to other miRNA/DNA detection along with the development of microarray platforms.

Collapse of chain anadiplosis-structured DNA nanowires for highly sensitive colorimetric assay of nucleic acids

The Analyst ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Xu ◽  
Zai-Sheng Wu ◽  
Yanru Chen ◽  
Tingting Zheng ◽  
Jingqing Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
A Chain

In this work, we have proposed a chain anadiplosis-structured DNA nanowire by using two well-defined assembly strands (AS1 and AS2).

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