Chapter XXIII Function of Tissue Mast Cells and their Participation in Various Physiological and Pathological Conditions

2015 ◽  
pp. 292-324
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Pathological Conditions

Eotaxin Modulates Myelopoiesis and Mast Cell Development From Embryonic Hematopoietic Progenitors

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1887-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Quackenbush ◽  
Barry K. Wershil ◽  
Vincent Aguirre ◽  
Jose-Carlos Gutierrez-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Gi Protein ◽  
American Society

Abstract Eotaxin is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils during inflammation and allergic reactions in the adult, but its role in the embryonic development of the hematopoietic system has not been examined. We report here that eotaxin and its receptor, CCR-3, are expressed by embryonic tissues responsible for blood development, such as fetal liver (FL), yolk sac (YS), and peripheral blood. We found that eotaxin acts synergistically with stem cell factor to accelerate the differentiation of embryonic mast cell progenitors, and this response can be suppressed by pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of chemokine-induced signaling through Gi protein and chemotaxis. Eotaxin promotes the differentiation of fetal mast cell progenitors into differentiated mast cells as defined by the expression of mast cell specific proteases. Furthermore, in combination with stem cell factor (SCF), it promotes the growth of Mac-1+myeloid cells from embryonic progenitors. These studies suggest that eotaxin may be involved in the growth of granulocytic progenitors and the differentiation and/or function of mast cells during embryogenesis and/or pathological conditions that induce high levels of eotaxin, such as allergic responses. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

An improved method for staining mouse mast cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Novak ◽  
S. Nombrado
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mucosal Mast Cell ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Tissue Mast Cell ◽  
Pathological Conditions

An improved method for staining mouse mast cells with alcian blue is reported. The reaction differentiates between mucosal mast cell and connective tissue mast cell types, especially under pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Lipid Rafts in Mast Cell Biology

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Maria Mariano Silveira e Souza ◽  
Vivian Marino Mazucato ◽  
Maria Célia Jamur ◽  
Constance Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Pathological Conditions

Mast cells have long been recognized to have a direct and critical role in allergic and inflammatory reactions. In allergic diseases, these cells exert both local and systemic responses, including allergic rhinitis and anaphylaxis. Mast cell mediators are also related to many chronic inflammatory conditions. Besides the roles in pathological conditions, the biological functions of mast cells include roles in innate immunity, involvement in host defense mechanisms against parasites, immunomodulation of the immune system, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. Despite their growing significance in physiological and pathological conditions, much still remains to be learned about mast cell biology. This paper presents evidence that lipid rafts or raft components modulate many of the biological processes in mast cells, such as degranulation and endocytosis, play a role in mast cell development and recruitment, and contribute to the overall preservation of mast cell structure and organization.

Eotaxin Modulates Myelopoiesis and Mast Cell Development From Embryonic Hematopoietic Progenitors

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1887-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Quackenbush ◽  
Barry K. Wershil ◽  
Vincent Aguirre ◽  
Jose-Carlos Gutierrez-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Factor ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitors ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Gi Protein ◽  
American Society

Eotaxin is a potent chemoattractant for eosinophils during inflammation and allergic reactions in the adult, but its role in the embryonic development of the hematopoietic system has not been examined. We report here that eotaxin and its receptor, CCR-3, are expressed by embryonic tissues responsible for blood development, such as fetal liver (FL), yolk sac (YS), and peripheral blood. We found that eotaxin acts synergistically with stem cell factor to accelerate the differentiation of embryonic mast cell progenitors, and this response can be suppressed by pertussis toxin, an inhibitor of chemokine-induced signaling through Gi protein and chemotaxis. Eotaxin promotes the differentiation of fetal mast cell progenitors into differentiated mast cells as defined by the expression of mast cell specific proteases. Furthermore, in combination with stem cell factor (SCF), it promotes the growth of Mac-1+myeloid cells from embryonic progenitors. These studies suggest that eotaxin may be involved in the growth of granulocytic progenitors and the differentiation and/or function of mast cells during embryogenesis and/or pathological conditions that induce high levels of eotaxin, such as allergic responses. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

scholarly journals The Expression and Function of CD300 Molecules in the Main Players of Allergic Responses: Mast Cells, Basophils and Eosinophils

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3173
Author(s):  
Joana Vitallé ◽  
Iñigo Terrén ◽  
Ane Orrantia ◽  
Agurtzane Bilbao ◽  
Pedro M. Gamboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
And Function ◽  
Receptor Family

Allergy is the host immune response against non-infectious substances called allergens. The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. However, while some drugs counteract the symptomatology caused by allergic reactions, no completely effective treatments for allergic diseases have been developed yet. In this sense, the ability of surface activating and inhibitory receptors to modulate the function of the main effector cells of allergic responses makes these molecules potential pharmacological targets. The CD300 receptor family consists of members with activating and inhibitory capabilities mainly expressed on the surface of immune cells. Multiple studies in the last few years have highlighted the importance of CD300 molecules in several pathological conditions. This review summarizes the literature on CD300 receptor expression, regulation and function in mast cells, basophils and eosinophils, the main players of allergic responses. Moreover, we review the involvement of CD300 receptors in the pathogenesis of certain allergic diseases, as well as their prospective use as therapeutic targets for the treatment of IgE-dependent allergic responses.

Mast cells in neuropathic pain: an increasing spectrum of their involvement in pathophysiology

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjanpreet Kaur ◽  
Nirmal Singh ◽  
Amteshwar Singh Jaggi
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Dual Action ◽  
Time Of Administration ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractMast cells are immunological cells that are diversely distributed in different parts of the body. Their role in various pathological conditions such as hypersensitivity, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and male infertility has been reported by different scientists. Apart from these, a number of studies have shown their important role in pathogenesis of neuropathic pain of diverse aetiology. They have been found to release active mediators, primarily histamine and serotonin on degranulation in response to different stimuli including chemical, nerve damage, toxin or disease-related conditions. The mast cells stabilizer has shown pain attenuating effects by preventing degranulation of mast cells. Similarly, compound 48/80 (first dose 200 μg/100 g and after 6-h interval, second dose of 500 μg/100 g) caused the degranulation of the accumulated endoneurial histamine and 5-HT antagonists have shown pain relieving effects by attenuating the effects of histamine and serotonin, respectively. On the other hand, the mast cell degranulator compound 48/80 has shown dual action depending on its time of administration. The present review discusses the critical role of mast cells in the generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain in experimental models.

Mast cells in human digestive tube in normal and pathological conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 16-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rizzi ◽  
Enrico Crivellato ◽  
Vincenzo Benagiano ◽  
Domenico Ribatti
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Digestive Tube ◽  
Pathological Conditions

scholarly journals The Underestimated Role of Mast Cells in the Pathogenesis of Rhinopathies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Matteo Gelardi ◽  
Rossana Giancaspro ◽  
Michele Cassano ◽  
Domenico Ribatti
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Tailored Therapy ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Mast cells (MCs) are involved in several biological processes, such as defense against pathogens, immunomodulation, tissue repair after injury, and angiogenesis. MCs have been shown to change from protective immune cells to potent pro-inflammatory cells, influencing the progression of many pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases and cancers. The role of MCs in the pathogenesis of rhinopathies has often been underestimated, since previous studies have focused their attention on eosinophils and neutrophils, while MCs were considered involved exclusively in allergic rhinitis. However, recent nasal cytology findings have shown the involvement of MCs in several rhinopathies, such as NARMA, NARESMA, and CRSwNP. These recent evidences highlight the crucial role that MCs play in orchestrating the inflammation of the nasal mucosa, through complex biological mechanisms, not yet fully understood. In this context, a better understanding of these mechanisms is fundamental for practicing Precision Medicine, which requires careful population selection and stratification into subgroups based on the phenotype/endotype of the patients, in order to guarantee the patient a tailored therapy. Based on this background, further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involving MCs and, consequently, to develop targeted therapies aimed to obtain a selective inhibition of tissue remodeling and preventing MC-mediated immune suppression.

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