scholarly journals Curcumin Protects Skin against UVB-Induced Cytotoxicity via the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway: The Use of a Microemulsion Delivery System

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Ben Yehuda Greenwald ◽  
Marina Frušić-Zlotkin ◽  
Yoram Soroka ◽  
Shmuel Ben Sasson ◽  
Ronit Bitton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delivery System ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Cytoprotective Enzymes ◽  
Poor Absorption ◽  
Unique Chemical ◽  
Induce Phase ◽  
Reducing Properties

Curcumin was found to be beneficial in treating several skin pathologies and diseases, providing antioxidant protection due to its reducing properties and its electrophilic properties (the ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway and induce phase II cytoprotective enzymes). Nevertheless, clinical applications of curcumin are being hampered by its insufficient solubility, chemical instability, and poor absorption, leading to low efficacy in preventing skin pathologies. These limitations can be overcome by using a nanotechnology-based delivery system. Here, we elucidated the possibility of using curcumin encapsulated in a microemulsion preserving its unique chemical structure. We also examined whether curcumin microemulsion would reduce UVB-induced toxicity in skin. A significant curcumin concentration was found in the human skin dermis following topical application of a curcumin microemulsion. Moreover, curcumin microemulsion enhanced the reduction of UV-induced cytotoxicity in epidermal cells, paving the way for other incorporated electrophiles in encapsulated form protecting skin against stress-related diseases.

Zwitterions: Promising Interfacial / Doping Materials for Organic / Perovskite Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoyun Chen ◽  
Xudong Yang ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Bo Song
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Unique Chemical

Zwitterions, due to the unique chemical structure and electrical charges, has caught continuous attention in organic / perovskite solar cells (OSCs / PSCs). It is widely used as interfacial materials...

Enhancement of Thermo-Oxidative Stability of Vegetable Oil Based Lubricant via Chemical Modification Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 695-699
Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
G. Sriram ◽  
A. Hemanth Sai Kumar Chowdary ◽  
Janga Subramanya Sai
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Unique Chemical

The rising demand for environmentally acceptable lubricant has led researchers to look to vegetable oils as an alternative to petroleum based lubricants. Vegetable oils have radically distinctive properties owing to their unique chemical structure which have greater ability to lubricate and have higher biodegradability. In spite of advantages, they are limited to inadequate thermo-oxidative stability and poor low-temperature properties which hinder their utilization. In the present study in order to produce a bio lubricant with good thermo-oxidative stability, rapeseed oil was subjected to two different chemical modification techniques viz., epoxidation method and successive transesterification method. The thermo-oxidative stability of formulated oil was analysed using Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). TGA analysis divulges that the thermo-oxidative stability of rapeseed oil was greatly improved with the epoxidation method in comparison with the successive transesterification method.

scholarly journals Thermoresponsive Nanogels Based on Different Polymeric Moieties for Biomedical Applications

Gels ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobhan Ghaeini-Hesaroeiye ◽  
Hossein Razmi Bagtash ◽  
Soheil Boddohi ◽  
Ebrahim Vasheghani-Farahani ◽  
Esmaiel Jabbari
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
External Stimuli

Nanogels, or nanostructured hydrogels, are one of the most interesting materials in biomedical engineering. Nanogels are widely used in medical applications, such as in cancer therapy, targeted delivery of proteins, genes and DNAs, and scaffolds in tissue regeneration. One salient feature of nanogels is their tunable responsiveness to external stimuli. In this review, thermosensitive nanogels are discussed, with a focus on moieties in their chemical structure which are responsible for thermosensitivity. These thermosensitive moieties can be classified into four groups, namely, polymers bearing amide groups, ether groups, vinyl ether groups and hydrophilic polymers bearing hydrophobic groups. These novel thermoresponsive nanogels provide effective drug delivery systems and tissue regeneration constructs for treating patients in many clinical applications, such as targeted, sustained and controlled release.

scholarly journals The Use of Carbon Quantum Dot as Alternative of Stannous Chloride Application in Radiopharmaceutical Kits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Seyedeh Masoumeh Ghoreishi ◽  
Atena Najdian ◽  
Sina Yadegari ◽  
Mohammad Seyedhamzeh ◽  
Maziyar Etemadzade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Stannous Chloride ◽  
Optimum Amount ◽  
Technetium 99M ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dot ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Unique Chemical ◽  
Reducing Properties

Even today, technetium-99m is a radionuclide choice for diagnostic in nuclear medicine. The unique chemical and physical properties of technetium-99m make it suitable as an available radionuclide in many centers. In this study, we examined the potential of CQD as a reducing agent in the MDP kit. Citric acid-derived CQD was synthesized and confirmed by FT-IR, TEM, UV-Vis, XPS, and surface analysis. No cytotoxicity was observed by the MTT assay. They were reducing properties of the CQD confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. The MDP kit is prepared by evaluating different parameters that affect the radiolabeling yield, including ligand, time, and CQD. The optimum amount of each parameter is obtained by Box–Behnken software. Finally, fluorescent spectroscopy, SPECT imaging, and biodistribution study showed that CQD reduces technetium-99m. Accumulation of radiotracer in the femur showed that CQD could be used in a radiopharmaceutical kit.

scholarly journals Resistant Starch Regulates Gut Microbiota: Structure, Biochemistry and Cell Signalling

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
Kwame Oteng Darko ◽  
Yanjun Huang ◽  
Caimei He ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Regulatory Effect ◽  
Gut Peptides ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Unique Chemical

Starch is one of the most popular nutritional sources for both human and animals. Due to the variation of its nutritional traits and biochemical specificities, starch has been classified into rapidly digestible, slowly digestible and resistant starch. Resistant starch has its own unique chemical structure, and various forms of resistant starch are commercially available. It has been found being a multiple-functional regulator for treating metabolic dysfunction. Different functions of resistant starch such as modulation of the gut microbiota, gut peptides, circulating growth factors, circulating inflammatory mediators have been characterized by animal studies and clinical trials. In this mini-review, recent remarkable progress in resistant starch on gut microbiota, particularly the effect of structure, biochemistry and cell signaling on nutrition has been summarized, with highlights on its regulatory effect on gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Review On Nanomicelles Drug Delivery System

2021 ◽  
Vol 001 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshva Patel ◽  
Ajay Solanki ◽  
Mamta Nasit
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Surfactant Micelles ◽  
Lipophilic Drug ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Poor Absorption ◽  
High Bioavailability

Many novel drug molecules in a clinical study as well as many existing drug molecules are lipophilic or hydrophobic in nature and thus they usually shows low bioavailability, poor absorption properties, low permeation as well as inability to reach at effective therapeutic concentration in blood. To overcome this problem, nanomicelles is the break through drug delivery system in which a lipophilic drug can be incorporated in polymeric micelles or surfactant micelles that can provide high solubility as well as high bioavailability. Due to the fact that Micelles have inner lipophilic core and outer hydrophilic shell as well as the inner lipophilic core provide space for incorporation for lipophilic drug, it enhances permeability of the lipophilic drug even at depth and also at target site. The present article provides overview of various applications of nanomicelles, it’s advantages as well as limitations, methods of preparations and various approaches for applications of nanomicelles.

scholarly journals Antitumor Effect of the Chalcone Analogue, (E) -1-(4-Ethoxy-3-Methoxyphenyl) -5- Methylhex-1-En-3-One on HeLa Cell Line

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Jovan Lukovic ◽  
Marina Mitrovic ◽  
Ivanka Zelen ◽  
Petar Čanovic ◽  
Milan Zaric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Electron System ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Facs Analysis ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Unique Chemical

Abstract Chalcones represent precursor compounds for flavonoids biosynthesis in plants. Chalcones, 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones, have unique chemical structure with conjugated double bonds and delocalized π-electron system on both aromatic rings. Various studies have shown that chemical structure of chalcone is responsible for their antitumor effect. In our study, we have examined the antitumor effect of chalcone analogue (E) -1- (4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -5-methylhex-1-en-3-one (CH) on HeLa cells. The antitumor efficiency of different CH concentrations was compared to the antitumor effects of dehydrozingerone and cisplatin. The viability of the cells was evaluated using MTT assay; type of the cell death was evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD staining using FACS analysis; morphology changes of treated cells were visualized and compared to untreated cells using phase contrast microscopy. The result of our research showed that CH have a stronger antitumor compared to the effect both of dehydrozingerone and cisplatin. Our results indicated that chalcone analogue induced cell death via activation of apoptosis more powerfully compared to the apoptosis induced with dehydrozingerone and cisplatin.

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