Vegetable oils – raw materials for producing biodiesel

This paper presents the results of a study of the physical and chemical properties of samples of vegetable oils (sunflower, rapeseed, olive). It has been shown that the viscosity of oils varies from 41.4 to 61.7 cSt at a temperature of 40 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. The acid numbers of the oil samples were also determined, it was found that the lowest indicator is characteristic of sunflower oil. Pour points of oils also range from -3 to -16 ° C for olive and sunflower oils, respectively. Using the method of IR spectroscopy, functional groups in the composition of samples of vegetable oils were studied and it was shown that the composition of oils contains carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups, indicating the presence of carboxylic acids. Based on studies of the physical and chemical properties of vegetable oils, it was found that sunflower, olive and rapeseed oils can serve as raw materials for the synthesis of biofuels based on them, since they contain free fatty acids. To obtain biodiesel fuel based on vegetable oils, it is planned to use the transesterification method in the presence of various catalysts (alkaline, acidic, and complex).

High-Performance Polyesters: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Poly(P-Oxybenzoate)

Poly (p-oxybenzoate) samples were synthesized via the esterification and the transesterification reactions. The structure of the obtained target products was investigated by IR spectroscopy and has revealed that these substances were oligomers. The transesterification method has facilitated the synthesis of higher molecular weight grades of the polymer. This resulted in enhanced thermal properties of polyester synthesized by transesterification (up to 340 °C). The other specimen has performed thermal stability up to 320 °C.

Biodiesel production from Vitex doniana (black plum) seed oil via a two-step catalyzed transesterification

Increasing global energy demands have led to increased search for alternative sources of fuel. Due to its similarities with petroleum-based diesel, biodiesel arose as a potential replacement for diesel. In this study, biodiesel was produced from the seed oil of Vitex doniana (black plum) using a two-step catalyzed transesterification method. The biodiesel produced was also characterized. Physico-chemical analyses carried out on the produced biodiesel gave strong indication that it can serve as an alternative feedstock, having recorded a comparable flash point of 110 °C to American Society of Testing Materials and European Committee for Standardization standards; though kinematic viscosity measurements showed biodiesel products of relatively high viscosity which has the tendency to leave deposits on combustion. Spectroscopic analyses indicated successful transesterification with 95-98% biodiesel yield. Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 75-82. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.7

KUALITAS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK JELANTAH BERDASARKAN PROSES SAPONIFIKASI DAN TANPA SAPONIFIKASI

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel that can be renewed and as a promising of diesel fuel in the future. In this study, the production of biodiesel from used waste vegetable oil through the initial treatment reaction saponification and without saponification. The process of producing of biodiesel can used by the transesterification method. The yield of biodiesel were obtained then analysis for quantity by calculating of the percent yield on each yield for biodiesel with saponification successively is 61.68%. The biodiesel product without saponification successively is 81.93%. The quality test produced for biodiesel density test with and without saponification is 0.8871 g / mL and 0.8975 g / mL ,% FFA 0.3375 mg KOH / g and 0.6325 mg KOH / g, and flash point 184 ℃ and 182.6 ℃.