scholarly journals Angiotensin Type-1 Receptor Blockade May Not Protect Kidney against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Rastghalam ◽  
Mehdi Nematbakhsh ◽  
Mehrnoosh Bahadorani ◽  
Fatemeh Eshraghi-Jazi ◽  
Ardeshir Talebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Nephroprotective Effect ◽  
Angiotensin Type

Background. Cisplatin (CDDP) is an anticancer drug, which is accompanied with major side effects including nephrotoxicity. We tested two doses of losartan (10 and 20 mg/kg/day) against nephrotoxicity in a rat model treated with daily administration of CDDP (2.5 mg/kg/day). Methods. Five groups of rats were examined. Groups 1 and 2 received losartan 10 and 20 mg/kg/day, i.p, for a period of 10 days. Group 3 received saline for 10 days, but from day 3 the animals received CDDP (2.5 mg/kg/day, i.p) for the next seven days. Groups 4 and 5 received treatment regimen the same as groups 1 and 2, but from day 3 they also received CDDP for the next seven days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained and the kidneys were removed to undergo pathological investigation and to obtain supernatant from homogenized tissue. Results. CDDP induced nephrotoxicity, but the serum levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were not attenuated by losartan. The pathological findings confirmed that losartan did not have nephroprotective effect in this experimental model. Conclusion. According to the findings, losartan could not improve renal function impaired by toxicity induced by continuous doses of CDDP, and also it worsened the renal failure.

Angiotensin type 2 receptors mediate depressor phase of biphasic pressure response to angiotensin

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. R917-R923 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Scheuer ◽  
M. H. Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Pressor Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
At1 Receptors ◽  
Angiotensin Iii ◽  
Depressor Action ◽  
Angiotensin Type ◽  
At2 Receptors

Angiotensin (ANG) can produce a biphasic arterial pressure response, i.e., an increase followed by a decrease. Because ANG type 1 (AT1) receptors mediate the pressor response to ANG, we hypothesized that the opposing depressor action is mediated by the ANG type 2 (AT2) receptors. In thiobutabarbital (Inactin)-anesthetized rats bolus injections of angiotensin III (ANG III; 100, 300, and 1,000 ng/kg iv) produced peak increases in MAP at 20 s of 13.4 +/- 1.4, 20.1 +/- 2, and 27.5 +/- 2.8 mmHg and maximum decreases in pressure at 120 s of -6.3 +/- 1.5, -6.8 +/- 2.2, and -11.4 +/- 4.9 mmHg. During blockade of the AT1 receptors with DuP 753 (losartan, 10 mg/kg) the increases in MAP were eliminated (P < 0.01), whereas the depressor responses (-24.7 +/- 8, -32.8 +/- 9.3, and -42.0 +/- 10.0 mmHg) were significantly (P < 0.05) larger. In separate groups of rats, combined blockade of both AT1 and AT2 receptors eliminated all changes in MAP in response to ANG III, whereas blockade of AT2 receptors alone enhanced the pressor response to ANG III. During AT1 receptor blockade angiotensin II also caused consistent decreases in pressure, which were inhibited during combined blockade of AT1 and AT2 receptors. Therefore, we have demonstrated that the AT2 receptors mediate a depressor response to ANG.

scholarly journals Angiotensin type 1 receptor blockade prevents endocardial dysfunction of rapidly paced atria in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamashita ◽  
Akiko Sekiguchi ◽  
Takeshi Kato ◽  
Takayuki Tsuneda ◽  
Yu-ki Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Angiotensin Type

Prostaglandin precursor fatty acids in cirrhosis with ascites: Effect of linoleic acid infusion in functional renal failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Rimola ◽  
Pere Ginés ◽  
Eulàlia Cusó ◽  
Jordi Camps ◽  
Joan Gaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

1. Functional renal failure (FRF) in cirrhosis with ascites could be related to an inappropriately low renal prostaglandin (PG) production. To investigate whether the impaired renal PG synthesis in these patients is related to a PG precursor fatty acid deficiency, serum levels of linoleic and arachidonic acids and the urinary excretion of PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1α and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) were measured in 10 normal subjects, 17 non-azotaemic cirrhotic patients with ascites and 10 cirrhotic patients with ascites and FRF. 2. Serum linoleic acid levels were similar in the three groups studied. Both groups of cirrhotic patients showed lower arachidonic acid levels than normal subjects; however, non-azotaemic cirrhotic patients and patients with FRF did not differ in relation to serum arachidonic acid. 3. Non-azotaemic cirrhotic patients had higher urinary PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1α and TxB2 excretion than normal subjects and cirrhotic patients with FRF. Patients with FRF showed similar urinary PGE2 and TxB2 and lower urinary 6-keto-PGF1α than normal subjects. In all cirrhotic patients no significant correlation was found between serum linoleic and arachidonic acid levels and urinary PGs. 4. In seven patients with FRF an acute intravenous infusion of linoleic acid induced a marked increase in serum levels of this fatty acid. However, no increase in serum arachidonic acid levels and urinary PG excretion and no improvement in renal function was observed. 5. This study suggests that an arachidonic acid deficiency is present in cirrhotic patients with ascites but that this abnormality is not a major determinant of renal function and PG production in these patients. Acute intravenous administration of linoleic acid is not associated with any change in renal PG production and renal function in cirrhotic patients with FRF.

scholarly journals The effect of angiotensin type 1 receptor blockade on adhesion molecules in patients with IgA nephropathy

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-377
Author(s):  
D. Xydakis ◽  
A. Papadogiannakis ◽  
M. Sfakianaki ◽  
K. Kostakis ◽  
A. Sfyridakh
Keyword(s):  
Iga Nephropathy ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Angiotensin Type

scholarly journals Combination of direct renin inhibition with angiotensin type 1 receptor blockade improves aldosterone but does not improve kidney injury in the transgenic Ren2 rat

2012 ◽  
Vol 176 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Whaley-Connell ◽  
Javad Habibi ◽  
Ravi Nistala ◽  
Melvin R. Hayden ◽  
Lakshmi Pulakat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Renin Inhibition ◽  
Angiotensin Type
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