scholarly journals Maternal Moderate Physical Training during Pregnancy Attenuates the Effects of a Low-Protein Diet on the Impaired Secretion of Insulin in Rats: Potential Role for Compensation of Insulin Resistance and Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Góis Leandro ◽  
Marco Fidalgo ◽  
Adriano Bento-Santos ◽  
Filippe Falcão-Tebas ◽  
Diogo Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Isolated Islets ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

The effects of pregestational and gestational low-to-moderate physical training on insulin secretion in undernourished mothers were evaluated. Virgin female Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: control (C,n=5); trained (T,n=5); low-protein diet (LP,n=5); trained with a low-protein diet (T + LP,n=5). Trained rats ran on a treadmill over a period of 4 weeks before mate (5 days week−1and 60 min day−1, at 65% ofVO2max). At pregnancy, the intensity and duration of the exercise were reduced. Low-protein groups were provided with an 8% casein diet, and controls were provided with a 17% casein diet. At third day after delivery, mothers and pups were killed and islets were isolated by collagenase digestion of pancreas and incubated for a further 1 h with medium containing 5.6 or 16.7 mM glucose. T mothers showed increased insulin secretion by isolated islets incubated with 16.7 mM glucose, whereas LP group showed reduced secretion of insulin by isolated islets when compared with both C and LP + T groups. Physical training before and during pregnancy attenuated the effects of a low-protein diet on the secretion of insulin, suggesting a potential role for compensation of insulin resistance and preventing gestationaldiabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Maternal low-protein diet-induced delayed reflex ontogeny is attenuated by moderate physical training during gestation in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippe Falcão-Tebas ◽  
Adriano Bento-Santos ◽  
Marco Antônio Fidalgo ◽  
Marcelus Brito de Almeida ◽  
José Antônio dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Physical Feature ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

We evaluated the effects of moderate- to low-intensity physical training during gestation on reflex ontogeny in neonate rats whose mothers were undernourished. Virgin female Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: untrained (NT, n 7); trained (T, n 7); untrained with a low-protein diet (NT+LP, n 7); trained with a low-protein diet (T+LP, n 4). Trained rats were subjected to a protocol of moderate physical training on a treadmill over a period of 4 weeks (5 d/week and 60 min/d, at 65 % of VO2max). After confirming the pregnancy, the intensity and duration of the exercise were reduced. Low-protein groups were provided with an 8 % casein diet, and controls were provided with a 17 % casein diet. Their respective offspring were evaluated (during the 10th–17th days of postnatal life) in terms of physical feature maturation, somatic growth and reflex ontogeny. Pups born to mothers provided with the low-protein diet during gestation and lactation showed delayed physical feature and reflex maturation and a deficit in somatic growth when compared with controls. However, most of these deficiencies were attenuated in pups of undernourished mothers undergoing training. In conclusion, physical training during gestation attenuates the effects of perinatal undernutrition on some patterns of maturation in the central nervous system during development.

scholarly journals Programmed changes in the adult rat offspring caused by maternal protein restriction during gestation and lactation are attenuated by maternal moderate–low physical training

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fidalgo ◽  
Filippe Falcão-Tebas ◽  
Adriano Bento-Santos ◽  
Elaine de Oliveira ◽  
José Firmino Nogueira-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Plasma Leptin

The effects of maternal moderate–low physical training on postnatal development, glucose homeostasis and leptin concentration in adult offspring subjected to a low-protein diet during the perinatal period were investigated. Male Wistar rats (aged 150 d old) were divided into four groups according to maternal group: untrained (NTp, n 8); trained (Tp, n 8); untrained with a low-protein diet (NT+LPp, n 8); trained with a low-protein diet (T+LPp, n 8). The trained mothers were subjected to a protocol of moderate physical training over a period of 4 weeks (treadmill, 5 d/week, 60 min/d, at 65 % VO2max) before mating. At pregnancy, the intensity and duration of exercise was progressively reduced (50–20 min/d, at 65–30 % VO2max). The low-protein diet groups received an 8 % casein diet, and their peers received a 17 % casein diet during gestation and lactation. The pups' birth weight and somatic growth were recorded weekly up to the 150th day. Fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, serum leptin concentration, glucose and insulin tolerance tests were evaluated. The Tp animals showed no changes in somatic and biochemical parameters, while the NT+LPp group showed a greater abdominal circumference, hyperglycaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, glucose intolerance and lower plasma leptin. In the T+LPp animals, all of those alterations were reversed except for plasma leptin concentration. In conclusion, the effects of a perinatal low-protein diet on growth and development, glucose homeostasis and serum leptin concentration in the offspring were attenuated in pups from trained mothers.

scholarly journals Vagotomy Reduces Insulin Clearance in Obese Mice Programmed by Low-Protein Diet in the Adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Lubaczeuski ◽  
Luciana Mateus Gonçalves ◽  
Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi ◽  
Mirian Ayumi Kurauti ◽  
Junia Carolina Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Clearance ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Low Protein

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on insulin sensitivity, secretion, and degradation in metabolic programmed mice, induced by a low-protein diet early in life, followed by exposure to a high-fat diet in adulthood. Weaned 30-day-old C57Bl/6 mice were submitted to a low-protein diet (6% protein). After 4 weeks, the mice were distributed into three groups: LP group, which continued receiving a low-protein diet; LP + HF group, which started to receive a high-fat diet; and LP + HFvag group, which underwent vagotomy and also was kept at a high-fat diet. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in isolated islets, ipGTT, ipITT, in vivo insulin clearance, and liver expression of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) was accessed. Vagotomy improved glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion but did not alter adiposity and insulin sensitivity in the LP + HFvag, compared with the LP + HF group. Improvement in glucose tolerance was accompanied by increased insulinemia, probably due to a diminished insulin clearance, as judged by the lower C-peptide : insulin ratio, during the ipGTT. Finally, vagotomy also reduced liver IDE expression in this group. In conclusion, when submitted to vagotomy, the metabolic programmed mice showed improved glucose tolerance, associated with an increase of plasma insulin concentration as a result of insulin clearance reduction, a phenomenon probably due to diminished liver IDE expression.

scholarly journals Pancreatic islet insulin secretion and metabolism in adult rats malnourished during neonatal life

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco B. Barbosa ◽  
Kirsten Capito ◽  
Hans Kofod ◽  
Peter Thams
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phospholipase A ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Group

Pancreatic islets were isolated from rats that had been nursed by dams fed with a control or an 8·7 % protein diet during the first 12 d of the lactation period. Glucose-induced insulin secretion from islets in the 8·7 % protein group was reduced 50 %. The islet insulin and DNA content were similar, whereas the pancreatic insulin content was reduced by 30 % in the rats fed 8·7 % protein. In order to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the attenuation of insulin secretion, measurements were performed of the activity of several islet enzymes that had previously been supposed to be involved in the coupling of glucose stimulation to insulin secretion. Islet glucose oxidation was unaffected, but glucose-stimulated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol was reduced by one-third in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. The activity of mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was similar in islets of rats fed the 8·7 % protein diet and those fed the control diet. The activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2was increased fourfold in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. It is concluded that impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats fed a low-protein diet may be caused by attenuation of islet phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis, and it is tentatively suggested that the increased activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2in islets of rats fed a low-protein diet may participate in the stimulation of apoptosis.

VITAMIN A AND CAROTENE UTILIZATION IN PROTEIN-DEPRIVED RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 543-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mathews ◽  
G. H. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Separate Study ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Significant Lowering ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Free Diet ◽  
Β Carotene

Maintenance of rats on a protein-free, but not a 4% casein, diet produced a significant lowering of serum vitamin A. This effect was seen in rats deprived of vitamin A or provided with 90 μg of the vitamin twice weekly. In a separate study, rats maintained on 4% and 20% casein diets were depleted of vitamin A. They were then given 6 or 12 μg of vitamin A or 24 μg of carotene per day. The blood vitamin A response to administered vitamin A was not affected. Rats fed the low-protein diet exhibited only about one half of the serum vitamin A response to administered carotene as did those fed the 20% casein diet. Carotene failed to maintain liver vitamin A content in rats fed the low-protein diet. The results suggested that the absorption/conversion of β-carotene is impaired in rats maintained on a 4% protein diet. When rats were fed a protein-free diet the mobilization of vitamin A from the liver, or transport of the vitamin was also impaired.

scholarly journals The growth and development of rats given a low-protein diet

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. T. Dickerson ◽  
P. C. R. Hughes ◽  
P. A. McAnulty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Brain

1. Weanling (24-d-old) rats of a black and white hooded strain were allowed free access for 28 d to a diet containing 5% casein supplemented with methionine, and sucrose as the carbohydrate. Controls were fed on a 25% casein diet with a corresponding reduction in sucrose. Animals given the deficient diet were killed either at 52 d of age or after subsequent rehabilitation on the 25% casein diet when aged 140 d. These animals were compared with controls killed at these two ages and at the start of the experiment.2. The skeletons were X-rayed, skeletal maturity was determined according to a scoring system, and various bones were measured. The forebrain and cerebellum were analysed for cholesterol and DNA and the brain stem for cholesterol only. The DNA content of the paired quadriceps muscles and the livers was also determined.3. On the low-protein diet the body-weight rose by 7 g compared with the control value of 115 g. On rehabilitation, the body-weight of the previously malnourished group showed the expected growth spurt, but failed to attain that of the controls at 140 d.4. With the exception of the pelvis width, all the bones grew a little during the period on the low-protein diet. After rehabilitation, the hind limb, pelvis, iliac and spine lengths and the bi-iliac width remained smaller than these measurements in the corresponding controls, whereas there was no difference in the length of the fore limb, width of the pelvis or in the bone maturity score.5. The forebrains and cerebellums of the malnourished rats did not increase in weight, whereas some increase occurred in the brain stem. The concentration of cholesterol in the forebrains of the deficient animals was the same as that in controls of the same age, but on rehabilitation the concentration did not rise to the control value. The concentration of cholesterol in the cerebellum and brain stem of the deficient rats was lower than in controls of the same age but, whereas that in the cerebellum attained an almost normal level on rehabilitation, that in the brain stem remained significantly lower. The low-protein diet prevented the normal increase in cerebellum DNA and the amount remained low in the rehabilitated animals.6. The experimental diet caused a complete cessation of growth of the quadriceps muscles, and even after rehabilitation they weighed less than their controls. The DNA content, however, was not significantly lower.7. The low-protein diet did not permanently affect either the weight or DNA content of the liver.

scholarly journals Low Protein Diets for Pregnant Women and Its Association with Insulin Secretion and Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Zarkos ◽  
Daniel Addai ◽  
Anna Tolekova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Diets

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 3.5% of pregnancies in England and Wales and continues to show an increase in incidence each year. GDM can lead to diabetes postpartum, it is associated with an increased perinatal risk, and an increase in neonatal mortality. This review article looks at different studies regarding protein diets and their potential effects on GDM. We aimed to determine if a certain protein diet could potentially help protect against GDM using. We found that while a few studies have shown that increasing proteins in the diet of pregnant women, specifically that from poultry, whey, fish, nuts and legumes, may reduce the risk of GDM, there is certainly room for further research on the topic.

Effects of a Moderate Physical Training on the Leptin Synthesis by Adipose Tissue of Adult Rats Submitted to a Perinatal Low-protein Diet

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.H. de Mélo Montenegro ◽  
L. Moita ◽  
F.K. dos Reis ◽  
E. de Oliveira ◽  
P. Lisboa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Decreased insulin secretion in pregnant rats fed a low protein diet†

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Gao ◽  
Eric Ho ◽  
Meena Balakrishnan ◽  
Vijay Yechoor ◽  
Chandra Yallampalli
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein
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