scholarly journals Decreased insulin secretion in pregnant rats fed a low protein diet†

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haijun Gao ◽  
Eric Ho ◽  
Meena Balakrishnan ◽  
Vijay Yechoor ◽  
Chandra Yallampalli
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein

miR-124a expression contributes to the monophasic pattern of insulin secretion in islets from pregnant rats submitted to a low-protein diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 1471-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kariny Cassia de Siqueira ◽  
Faena Moura de Lima ◽  
Fernanda Souza Lima ◽  
Marina Satie Taki ◽  
Clarissa Felfili da Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Vagotomy Reduces Insulin Clearance in Obese Mice Programmed by Low-Protein Diet in the Adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Lubaczeuski ◽  
Luciana Mateus Gonçalves ◽  
Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi ◽  
Mirian Ayumi Kurauti ◽  
Junia Carolina Santos-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Insulin Clearance ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Insulin Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Low Protein

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy on insulin sensitivity, secretion, and degradation in metabolic programmed mice, induced by a low-protein diet early in life, followed by exposure to a high-fat diet in adulthood. Weaned 30-day-old C57Bl/6 mice were submitted to a low-protein diet (6% protein). After 4 weeks, the mice were distributed into three groups: LP group, which continued receiving a low-protein diet; LP + HF group, which started to receive a high-fat diet; and LP + HFvag group, which underwent vagotomy and also was kept at a high-fat diet. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in isolated islets, ipGTT, ipITT, in vivo insulin clearance, and liver expression of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) was accessed. Vagotomy improved glucose tolerance and reduced insulin secretion but did not alter adiposity and insulin sensitivity in the LP + HFvag, compared with the LP + HF group. Improvement in glucose tolerance was accompanied by increased insulinemia, probably due to a diminished insulin clearance, as judged by the lower C-peptide : insulin ratio, during the ipGTT. Finally, vagotomy also reduced liver IDE expression in this group. In conclusion, when submitted to vagotomy, the metabolic programmed mice showed improved glucose tolerance, associated with an increase of plasma insulin concentration as a result of insulin clearance reduction, a phenomenon probably due to diminished liver IDE expression.

scholarly journals Pancreatic islet insulin secretion and metabolism in adult rats malnourished during neonatal life

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco B. Barbosa ◽  
Kirsten Capito ◽  
Hans Kofod ◽  
Peter Thams
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phospholipase A ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Group

Pancreatic islets were isolated from rats that had been nursed by dams fed with a control or an 8·7 % protein diet during the first 12 d of the lactation period. Glucose-induced insulin secretion from islets in the 8·7 % protein group was reduced 50 %. The islet insulin and DNA content were similar, whereas the pancreatic insulin content was reduced by 30 % in the rats fed 8·7 % protein. In order to elucidate the mechanism responsible for the attenuation of insulin secretion, measurements were performed of the activity of several islet enzymes that had previously been supposed to be involved in the coupling of glucose stimulation to insulin secretion. Islet glucose oxidation was unaffected, but glucose-stimulated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol was reduced by one-third in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. The activity of mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase was similar in islets of rats fed the 8·7 % protein diet and those fed the control diet. The activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2was increased fourfold in the islets of rats fed 8·7 % protein. It is concluded that impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats fed a low-protein diet may be caused by attenuation of islet phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis, and it is tentatively suggested that the increased activity of Ca-independent phospholipase A2in islets of rats fed a low-protein diet may participate in the stimulation of apoptosis.

Low-protein diet impairs vascular relaxation in virgin and pregnant rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeliki KOUMENTAKI ◽  
Frederick ANTHONY ◽  
Lucilla POSTON ◽  
Timothy WHEELER
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Low Protein

Pregnancy is associated with increases in maternal cardiac output and plasma volume and a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance. Cardiac output and plasma volume are substantially reduced in pregnant rats fed a low-protein diet, but it is not known whether vascular function is also compromised. We have investigated vascular function in virgin and pregnant Wistar rats subjected to dietary protein restriction [9% (w/v) casein, compared with 18% (w/v) casein for controls]. The diets were fed to the groups for 18 days; in the pregnant rats, the diets were given from day 1 of pregnancy. Branches of the mesenteric arteries were studied on day 18 of the dietary period using myography. Significant reductions in sensitivity to acetylcholine occurred in vessels from virgin (P = 0.04) and pregnant (P = 0.01) rats that had consumed the 9% casein diet. In arteries from the virgin rats on the restricted diet there was also a significant reduction in sensitivity (P = 0.0003) and maximum relaxation (P = 0.009) to the NO donor spermine NONOate. Mean placental and fetal weights were significantly lower in the rats fed on 9% casein (P<0.0001 and P = 0.005 respectively). Thus low-protein diets impair vasodilator responses in female rats. These effects may contribute to the poor cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy and lower fetal weights associated with restricted protein intake.

scholarly journals Effect of prenatal programming and postnatal rearing on glomerular filtration rate in adult rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (5) ◽  
pp. F411-F419 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Lozano ◽  
Ayah Elmaghrabi ◽  
Jordan Salley ◽  
Khurrum Siddique ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Low Protein

The present study examined whether a prenatal low-protein diet programs a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and an increase in systolic blood pressure (BP). In addition, we examined whether altering the postnatal nutritional environment of nursing neonatal rats affected GFR and BP when rats were studied as adults. Pregnant rats were fed a normal (20%) protein diet or a low-protein diet (6%) during the last half of pregnancy until birth, when rats were fed a 20% protein diet. Mature adult rats from the prenatal low-protein group had systolic hypertension and a GFR of 0.38 ± 0.03 versus 0.57 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1 in the 20% group ( P < 0.01). In cross-fostering experiments, mothers continued on the same prenatal diet until weaning. Prenatal 6% protein rats cross-fostered to a 20% mother on day 1 of life had a GFR of 0.53 ± 0.05 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1, which was not different than the 20% group cross-fostered to a different 20% mother (0.45 ± 0.04 ml·min−1·100 g body wt−1). BP in the 6% to 20% group was comparable with the 20% to 20% group. Offspring of rats fed either 20% or 6% protein diets during pregnancy and cross-fostered to a 6% mother had elevated BP but a comparable GFR normalized to body weight as the 20% to 20% control group. Thus, a prenatal low-protein diet causes hypertension and a reduction in GFR in mature adult offspring, which can be modified by postnatal rearing.

scholarly journals Maternal Protein Restriction Modulates Angiogenesis and AQP9 Expression Leading to a Delay in Postnatal Epididymal Development in Rat

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talita de Mello Santos ◽  
Marilia Martins Cavariani ◽  
Dhrielly Natália Pereira ◽  
Bruno César Schimming ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Maternal Protein Restriction ◽  
Aqp1 Expression ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The maternal nutritional status is essential to the health and well-being of the fetus. Maternal protein restriction during the perinatal stage causes sperm alterations in the offspring that are associated with epididymal dysfunctions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFr-2, as well as aquaporins (AQPs) are important regulators of angiogenesis and the epididymal microenvironment and are associated with male fertility. We investigated the effects of maternal protein restriction on epididymal angiogenesis and AQP expression in the early stages of postnatal epididymal development. Pregnant rats were divided into two experimental groups that received either a normoprotein (17% protein) or low-protein diet (6% protein) during gestation and lactation. At postnatal day (PND)7 and PND14, male offspring were euthanized, the epididymides were subjected to morphometric and microvascular density analyses and to VEGF-A, VEGF-r2, AQP1 and AQP9 expression analyses. The maternal low-protein diet decreased AQP9 and VEGFr-2 expression, decreased epididymal microvascularity and altered the morphometric features of the epididymal epithelium; no changes in AQP1 expression were observed at the beginning of postnatal epididymal development. Maternal protein restriction alters microvascularization and affects molecules involved in the epidydimal microenvironment, resulting in morphometric alterations related to a delay in the beginning of epididymis postnatal development.

scholarly journals Maternal Moderate Physical Training during Pregnancy Attenuates the Effects of a Low-Protein Diet on the Impaired Secretion of Insulin in Rats: Potential Role for Compensation of Insulin Resistance and Preventing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Góis Leandro ◽  
Marco Fidalgo ◽  
Adriano Bento-Santos ◽  
Filippe Falcão-Tebas ◽  
Diogo Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Isolated Islets ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Casein Diet ◽  
Low Protein

The effects of pregestational and gestational low-to-moderate physical training on insulin secretion in undernourished mothers were evaluated. Virgin female Wistar rats were divided into four groups as follows: control (C,n=5); trained (T,n=5); low-protein diet (LP,n=5); trained with a low-protein diet (T + LP,n=5). Trained rats ran on a treadmill over a period of 4 weeks before mate (5 days week−1and 60 min day−1, at 65% ofVO2max). At pregnancy, the intensity and duration of the exercise were reduced. Low-protein groups were provided with an 8% casein diet, and controls were provided with a 17% casein diet. At third day after delivery, mothers and pups were killed and islets were isolated by collagenase digestion of pancreas and incubated for a further 1 h with medium containing 5.6 or 16.7 mM glucose. T mothers showed increased insulin secretion by isolated islets incubated with 16.7 mM glucose, whereas LP group showed reduced secretion of insulin by isolated islets when compared with both C and LP + T groups. Physical training before and during pregnancy attenuated the effects of a low-protein diet on the secretion of insulin, suggesting a potential role for compensation of insulin resistance and preventing gestationaldiabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Changes in amino acid profiles and liver alterations in pregnant rats with a high carbohydrate/low protein diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
Mónica Navarro-Meza ◽  
Ana B. Cardador-Martínez ◽  
Olivia Vazquez-Martínez ◽  
José A. Cruz-Ramos ◽  
Felipe Santoyo-Telles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles
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