scholarly journals PEDF in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Protective Effect of Oxidative Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-feng Zhu ◽  
Hai-dong Zou
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Near Future ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major cause of blindness in working age adults, and oxidative stress plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of DR. Pigment-epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a multifunctional protein, has shown to inhibit the development of DR by accumulating evidence. This paper highlights the current understanding of probable mechanism about how PEDF blocks the deterioration of DR through its antioxidative properties and application prospects of PEDF as a novel therapeutic target in DR. Gene therapy of PEDF is becoming more and more acceptable and will widely be applied to the actual treatment in the near future.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of PEDF-mediated protection against reactive oxygen species damage in diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 222 (3) ◽  
pp. R129-R139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Elahy ◽  
Swati Baindur-Hudson ◽  
Vinicius F Cruzat ◽  
Philip Newsholme ◽  
Crispin R Dass
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a pluripotent glycoprotein belonging to the serpin family. PEDF can stimulate several physiological processes such as angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and survival. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is the major cause of blindness in young diabetic adults. PEDF plays a protective role in DR and there is accumulating evidence of the neuroprotective effect of PEDF. In this paper, we review the role of PEDF and the mechanisms involved in its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.

Mercury Exposure and Endothelial Dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Omanwar ◽  
M. Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mercury Exposure ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Vascular endothelium plays a vital role in the organization and function of the blood vessel and maintains homeostasis of the circulatory system and normal arterial function. Functional disruption of the endothelium is recognized as the beginning event that triggers the development of consequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) including atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. There is a growing data associating mercury exposure with endothelial dysfunction and higher risk of CVD. This review explores and evaluates the impact of mercury exposure on CVD and endothelial function, highlighting the interplay of nitric oxide and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals PEDF expression regulates the proangiogenic and proinflammatory phenotype of the lung endothelium

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (7) ◽  
pp. L620-L634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Seok Shin ◽  
Christine M. Sorenson ◽  
Nader Sheibani
Keyword(s):  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Vascular Walls ◽  
Pigment Epithelium Derived Factor ◽  
Lung Endothelium ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional protein with important roles in regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis. It is produced by various cell types, including endothelial cells (EC). However, the cell autonomous impact of PEDF on EC function needs further investigation. Lung EC prepared from PEDF-deficient (PEDF−/−) mice were more migratory and failed to undergo capillary morphogenesis in Matrigel compared with wild type (PEDF+/+) EC. Although no significant differences were observed in the rates of apoptosis in PEDF−/− EC compared with PEDF+/+ cells under basal or stress conditions, PEDF−/− EC proliferated at a slower rate. PEDF−/− EC also expressed increased levels of proinflammatory markers, including vascular endothelial growth factor, inducible nitric oxide synthase, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, as well as altered cellular junctional organization, and nuclear localization of β-catenin. The PEDF−/− EC were also more adhesive, expressed decreased levels of thrombospondin-2, tenascin-C, and osteopontin, and increased fibronectin. Furthermore, we showed lungs from PEDF−/− mice exhibited increased expression of macrophage marker F4/80, along with increased thickness of the vascular walls, consistent with a proinflammatory phenotype. Together, our data suggest that the PEDF expression makes significant contribution to modulation of the inflammatory and angiogenic phenotype of the lung endothelium.

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