scholarly journals Utilization of Sago Waste as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Cu(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maheswari ◽  
N. Venilamani ◽  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venckatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Particle Size Range ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Sago Waste

The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from sago industry waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Cu(II) removal, as well as dispose of sago industry waste. The AC was prepared using sago industry waste with H2SO4and (NH4)2S2O8and physico-chemical properties of AC were investigated. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto AC prepared from sago industry waste has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 60min for 20 to 50mg/L of Cu(II) concentrations. The Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherm models were found to provide an excellent fitting of the adsorption data. In Freundlich equilibrium isotherm, the RL values obtained were in the range of 0 to 1 (0.043 to 0.31) for Cu(II) concentration of 10 to 100mg/L, which indicates favorable adsorption of Cu(II) onto Sago waste carbon. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) (Qo) obtained from the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm model was found to be 32.467 mg/g at pH 4 ± 0.2 for the particle size range of 125–250u. The percent removal increased with an increase in pH from 2 to 4. This adsorbent was found to be effective and economically attractive.

scholarly journals Utilization of Activated Carbon Prepared from Industrial Solid Waste for the Removal of Chromium(VI) Ions from Synthetic Solution and Industrial Effluent

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Vennilamani ◽  
K. Kadirvelu ◽  
Y. Sameena ◽  
S. Pattabhi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Carbon Adsorbent ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Sago Waste

Activated carbon (AC) prepared from sago waste was characterized and used to remove chromium(VI) ions from aqueous solution and industrial effluent by adsorption methods using various conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage particle size and pH. Surface modification of the carbon adsorbent with a strong oxidizing agent like concentrated H2SO4 generates more active adsorption sites on the solid surface and pores for metal ion adsorption. Adsorption of the metal ion required a very short time and led to quantitative removal. Both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models could describe the adsorption data. The calculated values of Q0 and b were 5.78 mg/g and 1.75 1/min, respectively. An effective adsorption capacity was noted for particle sizes in the range 125–250 μm at room temperature (30 ± 2°C) and an initial pH of 2.0 ± 0.2. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). These studies revealed that AC prepared from sago waste is suitable for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from both synthetic and industrial effluents.

scholarly journals Uptake of Pb(II) ion From Aqueous Solution Using Silk Cotton Hull Carbon: An Agricultural Waste Biomass

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Shanmugavalli ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venckatesh ◽  
K. Kadirvelu ◽  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Adsorption Parameters

Activated carbon prepared from silk cotton hull (SCH) was used for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution. The raw material used for the preparation of activated carbon is the waste of agricultural product; the production of this carbon is expected to be economically feasible. Parameters such as agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose,pH and Particle size were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was reached within 80 min for 10, 20, 30 and 40mg/l of Pb(II) ion with 50mg of carbon per mL of solution. Adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption efficiency reached 100% for 20, 30 and 40mg/l of Pb(II) ion with 120, 140 and 150mg of carbon. Pb(II) ion removal increased as thepH increased from 2 to 5 and remains constant up topH 10. Desorption studies were also carried out with dilute hydrochloric acid to know the mechanism of adsorption. Quantitative desorption of Pb(II) ion from carbon indicates that adsorption of metal ion is by ion-exchange. Efficiency of the adsorption of SCH was also studied with Pb containing industrial wastewater by varyingpH and carbon concentration.

scholarly journals Ricinus CommunisPericarp Activated Carbon Used as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Ni(II) From Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
K. Manickavasagam ◽  
K. Rasappan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Initial Ph

Activated carbon prepared from Ricinus communis Pericarp was used to remove Ni(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption. Batch mode adsorption experiments are carried out by varying contact time, metal-ion concentration, carbon concentration and pH to assess kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The adsorption data were modeled by using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity (Qo) calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was 31.15 mg/g of activated carbon at initial pH of 5.0±0.2 for the particle size 125-250 µm.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Cr6+ Onto Unmodified and Hydrochloric Acid Modified African Nutmeg Pod (Monodora myristica) from Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
F. U. Okwunodulu ◽  
H. O. Chukwuemeka-Okorie ◽  
N. M. Mgbemena ◽  
J. B. I. Kalu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Monodora Myristica ◽  
Best Fit

The removal of Cr6+ from aqueous solution using unmodified and hydrochloric modified African nutmeg pod was studied. The effects of particle size, pH and initial metal ions concentration adsorbed were investigated. The amount of metal ion adsorbed increased as the initial metal ion concentration increased and also decreased at low pH of 2 for both modified and unmodified African nutmeg pod.  400 µm and 250 µm were the optimum particle sizes for both modified and unmodified African nutmeg pod respectively, values given as 75.8 mg/g for the modified and 93.39 mg/g for the unmodified. Generally, it was observed that the unmodified African nutmeg pod showed greater adsorption capacity than the modified African nutmeg pod. The equilibrium experimental data were examined via Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.  Freundlich isotherm model gave the best fit for the data in both unmodified and modified African nutmeg pod based on the correlation coefficients (R2 values) gotten. The results of the study showed that the African nutmeg pod is efficient for the removal of Cr6+ from aqueous solutions especially when unmodified.

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Models for Removal of Thorium from Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
P. Indhumathi ◽  
S. Sathiyaraj ◽  
U. S. Shoba ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
C. Jayabalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Adsorption is a unique process for the removal of pollutants from water and wastewater since the process is cost effective, easily adoptable and environmentally compatible. The micro algae are a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Thorium (VI) removal from aqueous solution. The specific surface area of the microalgae was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Thorium (VI) from aqueous solution on micro algae has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 120 min for 20 to 120 mg/L of Thorium (VI) concentrations. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Redlich-Peterson isotherm models, kinetic models and thermodynamic models were found to provide an excellent fitting of the adsorption data. The adsorption capacity of thorium 91.73% maximum percent removal in thorium at pH 3. This adsorbent was found to be effective and economically attractive.

scholarly journals Adsorption Capabilities of Activated Carbon Derived from Detarium microcarpum Seeds in Removing Co2+ and Pb2+ from Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Ishaq Yahaya Lawan ◽  
Shinggu D. Yamta ◽  
Abdurrahman Hudu ◽  
Kolo Alhaji Madu ◽  
Adamu Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
Percentage Removal

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of metals (Pb and Co) removal from solution using Detarium microcarpum seeds as adsorbent. The effect of initial concentration and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process of these metals were studied, the percentage removal of these metals increased with increased in weight (0.5 -2.5g) in 50ml of the solution and the adsorption efficiency increased with increasing initial metal ion concentration (0.01-0.05 moldm−3). The percentage removal obtained for Lead and Cobalt were compared. The result of adsorption were fitted to Langmuir models and coefficients indicated favorable adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ ions on the adsorbents. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ in aqueous solution was in the following order (1400µm>420µm>150µm). More than 55.4% of studied Lead cations were removed by 1400µm, 47.2% by 420µm and 29.8% by 150µm. While for Cobalt cations only 53.2% by 1400µm, 38.6% by 420µm and 24% by 150µm respectively, from aqueous solution it was concluded that, activated Carbon derived from Detarium microcarpum seed is good in removing both lead and cobalt ions, which make it good absorbent.

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium by Adsorption on Microwave Assisted Activated Carbon Prepared from Stems of Leucas Aspera

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shanmugalingam ◽  
A. Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Leucas Aspera ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Impregnation Time

Abstract This study reports adsorption of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution using activated carbon that was prepared from stems of Leucas aspera. Eight hundred and fifty watts power of microwave radiation, 12 min of radiation time, 60% of ZnCl2 solution and 24 h of impregnation time are the optimal parameters to prepare efficient carbon effective activated carbon. It was designated as MWLAC (Microwave assisted Zinc chloride activated Leucas aspera carbon). Various adsorption characteristics such as dose of the adsorbent, agitation time, initial Cr(VI) ion concentration, pH of the solution and temperature on adsorption were studied for removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution by batch mode. Also the equilibrium adsorption was analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin and D-R isotherm models. The order of best describing isotherms was given based on R2 value. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fitted with the Cr(VI) adsorption data. Thermodynamic parameters were also determined and results suggest that the adsorption process is a spontaneous, endothermic and proceeded with increased randomness.

scholarly journals Breakthrough Curve Analysis for Column Dynamics Sorption of Mn(II) Ions from Wastewater by UsingMangostana garciniaPeel-Based Granular-Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Z. Chowdhury ◽  
S. M. Zain ◽  
A. K. Rashid ◽  
R. F. Rafique ◽  
K. Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Sorption System ◽  
Column Dynamics ◽  
Equilibrium Data

The potential of granular-activated carbon (GAC) derived from agrowaste of Mangostene (Mangostana garcinia) fruit peel was investigated in batch and fixed bed system as a replacement of current expensive methods for treating wastewater contaminated by manganese, Mn(II) cations. Batch equilibrium data was analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models at different temperatures. The effect of inlet metal ion concentration (50 mg/L, 70 mg/L, and 100 mg/L), feed flow rate (1 mL/min and 3 mL/min), and activated carbon bed height (4.5 cm and 3 cm) on the breakthrough characteristics of the fixed bed sorption system were determined. The adsorption data were fitted with well-established column models, namely, Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Adams-Bohart. The results were best-fitted with Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models rather than Adams-Bohart model for all conditions. The column had been regenerated and reused consecutively for five cycles. The results demonstrated that the prepared activated carbon was suitable for removal of Mn(II) ions from wastewater using batch as well as fixed bed sorption system.

scholarly journals Development of Wood Apple Shell (Feronia acidissima) Powder Biosorbent and Its Application for the Removal of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Suresh ◽  
D. Harikisore Kumar Reddy ◽  
Yapati Harinath ◽  
B. Ramesh Naik ◽  
K. Seshaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Complexation Reactions

A biosorbent was prepared by using wood apple shell (WAS) powder and studied its application for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution by a batch method. The biosorbent was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. WAS is principally made up of lignin and cellulose, containing functional groups such as alcoholic, ketonic, and carboxylic groups which can be involved in complexation reactions with Cd(II). The effect of experimental parameters like initial pH, contact time, metal ion concentration, and sorbent dose on adsorption was investigated. The optimum pH for biosorption of Cd(II) onto WAS was found to be pH 5.0 and the quantitative removal of Cd(II) ions was achieved in 30 min. The kinetic study showed that the biosorption process followed the pseudo-second-order rate. Experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Desorption studies were carried out using HCl solution.

scholarly journals The biosorption potential of waste biomass young fruit walnuts for lead ions: Kinetic and equilibrium study

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-255
Author(s):  
Dragana Markovic ◽  
Danijela Bojic ◽  
Aleksandar Bojic ◽  
Goran Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Biosorption Capacity ◽  
Young Fruit

The biosorption potential of waste biomass young fruit walnuts (YFW) as a low-cost biosorbent, processed from liqueur industry, for Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was explored. The structural features of the biosorbent were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, which indicates the possibility that the different functional groups may be responsible for the binding of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The effects of relevant parameters such as pH (2 - 6), contact time (0 - 120 min), biosorbent dosage (2 - 20 g), initial metal ion concentration (10 - 120 mg dm-3), at a temperature of 25(C with stirring (120 rpm) and a constant ionic strength of 0,02 mol dm-3 were evaluated in batch experiments. The sorption equilibrium of Pb(II) ion (when 84 % of metal ions were sorbed at an initial concentration of 15 mg dm-3) was achieved within the pH range 4 - 5 after 50 min. Kinetic data were best described by the pseudo-second order model. Removal efficiency of Pb(II) ion rapidly increased with increasing biosorbent dose from 2.0 to 8.0 g per dm-3 of sorbate. Optimal biosorbent dose was set to 6.0 g per dm3 of sorbate. An increase in the initial metal concentration increases the biosorption capacity. The sorption data of investigated metal ion are fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 ? 0.990). The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity of waste biomass YFW for Pb(II) ion, at 25.0 ? 0.5?C and pH 4.5, was found to be 19.23 mgg-1. This available waste biomass is efficient in the uptake of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution and could be used as a low-cost and an alternative biosorbent for the treatment of wastewater streams bearing these metal ions.

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