scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Raloxifene Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mathrusri Annapurna ◽  
M. E. Bhanoji Rao ◽  
B. V. V. Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Maximum Absorbance ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Raloxifene Hydrochloride ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Three new simple, sensitive, rapid and economical spectrophotometric Methods (A, B and C) have been developed for the determination of Raloxifene Hydrochloride in pharmaceutical bulk and tablet dosage form. Method A is based on the formation of yellow colored chromogen with 0.1N Sodium hydroxide exhibiting maximum absorbance against the corresponding reagent blank. The method B is based on the reaction of Raloxifene with Ferric chloride and 1, 10-phenanthroline to form blood red colored chromogen. The method C is based on the formation of blood red colored chromogen with Ferric chloride and 2, 2' bipyridyl. The absorbencies of the chromogens were measured at their respective wavelength of maximum absorbance against the corresponding reagent blank. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of the bulk drug and its tablet dosage form. The methods have been statistically evaluated and were found to be precise and accurate.

scholarly journals Spectrophometric Determination of Nelfinavir Mesylate

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vanitha Prakash ◽  
Jangala Venkateswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Potassium Ferricyanide ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Bluish Green ◽  
Nelfinavir Mesylate ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Two new simple, sensitive, rapid and economical Spectrophotometric Methods (A and B) have been developed for the determination of Nelfinavir Mesylate in pharmaceutical bulk and tablet dosage form. The method A is based on the reaction of Nelfinavir with ferric chloride, potassium ferricyanide and hydrochloric acid to form a bluish green colored chromogen. The Method B is based on the formation of blood red colored chromogen with Ferric chloride and 1,10-phenanthroline. The absorbances of the chromogen were measured at their respective wavelength of maximum absorbance against the corresponding reagent blank. The proposed methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of the bulk drug and its tablet dosage form. The methods have been statistically evaluated and were found to be precise and accurate.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Zidovudine in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
J. Sudhakar Reddy ◽  
MD. S. Maqsood Ahmed ◽  
I. E. Chakravarthy ◽  
K. Prabhavathi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Extractable Complex ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Tablet Dosage

A simple, sensitive and economical spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of zidovudine in commercial dosage forms. The method was based on the formation of chloroform extractable complex of zidovudine with wool fast blue. The absorbance of the extractable ion pair complex is measured at the wavelength of maximum absorbance 590 nm against the reagent blank treated similarly. Statistical analysis proves that the proposed methods are reproducible and selective for the estimation of zidovudine in bulk drug and in its tablet dosage form.

scholarly journals UV Spectrophotometric Estimation of Levoceterizine Dihydrochloride in Bulk and Dosage Form

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
pp. S414-S418
Author(s):  
P. Mamatha ◽  
P. V. Anantha Lakshmi ◽  
P. L. Prasunamba
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Maximum Absorbance ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Tablet Dosage

A new simple, rapid, accurate, sensitive and precise spectrophotometric method in ultra violet region has been developed for the determination of levoceterizine dihydrochloride (LCTZ) in bulk drug and tablet dosage form. Levoceterizine dihydrochloride exhibited maximum absorbance at 232 nm with apparent molar absorptivity of 1.5104×104in double distilled water. Beer's law was found to be obeyed in the concentration range of 4-20 µg mL-1. Correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9998. Results of the analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. The proposed method is useful for the routine estimation of LCTZ in bulk and tablet dosage form.

scholarly journals Sensitive Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Ascorbic Acid

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Revanasiddappa ◽  
M. A. Veena
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Medium ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Maximum Absorbance ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Medium ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
Sulphuric Acid Medium

Two simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods (A and B) have been described for the determination of ascorbic acid. Method A is based on the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) by known excess of Se(IV) in hydrochloric acid medium and subsequent determination of unreacted Se(IV) by reacting it with iodide in the same acid medium to liberate iodine, which react with starch to form a stable blue coloured iodine-starch complex, which shows maximum absorbance at 590 nm. Method B is based on the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA) by known excess of Cr(VI) in sulphuric acid medium and the determination of unreacted Cr(VI) with diphenyl carbazide (DPC) under the same acidic medium to produce a stable red-violet coloured species, which shows a maximum absorbance at 550 nm. The reacted oxidants (in methods A and B) correspond to the AA content. The apparent molar absorptivity values are found to be 1.627×104and 1.641×104L mol-1cm-1for methods A and B, respectively. The proposed methods are simple, sensitive and suitable for the routine analysis of AA in pharmaceutical formulations and in real samples.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Color Reactions for Spectrophotometric Determination of Pitavastatin Calcium in Bulk Drugs and in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marothu Vamsi Krishna ◽  
Dannana Gowri Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Colored Complex ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pitavastatin Calcium ◽  
Color Reactions

Three simple, sensitive and cost effective Spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of pitavastatin calcium (PST) in bulk drugs and in pharmaceutical formulations. These methods are based on the oxidation of PST by ferric chloride in presence ofo-phenanthroline (Method A) or 2, 2’ bipyridyl (Method B) or potassium ferricyanide (Method C). The colored complex formed was measured at 510, 530 and 755 nm for method A, B and C respectively against the reagent blank prepared in the same manner. The optimum experimental parameters for the color production are selected. Beer’s law is valid with in a concentration range of 4-20 μg mL-1for method A, 7.5-37.5 μg mL-1for method B and 5 -25 μg mL-1for method C. For more accurate results, ringbom optimum concentration ranges are 5-18 μg mL-1for method A , 8.5-35.5 μg mL-1for method B and 6.0-23.0 μg mL-1for method C. The molar absorptivities are 3.55x104, 2.10x104and 3.10x104L mol-1cm-1. Where as sandell sensitivities are 0.024, 0.041 and 0.028 μg cm-22 for method A, B and C respectively. The mean percentage recoveries are 99.95 for method A, 101.35 for method B and 100.33 for method C. The developed methods were applied for the determination of PST in bulk powder and in the pharmaceutical formulations without any interference from tablet excipients.

scholarly journals Application of Cerium (IV) as an Oxidimetric Agent for the Determination of Ethionamide in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanakapura Basavaiah ◽  
Nagib A. S. Qarah ◽  
Sameer A. M. Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Standing Time ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Ich Guidelines ◽  
Back Titration ◽  
Bulk Drug

Two simple methods are described for the determination of ethionamide (ETM) in bulk drug and tablets using cerium (IV) sulphate as the oxidimetric agent. In both methods, the sample solution is treated with a measured excess of cerium (IV) solution in H2SO4 medium, and after a fixed standing time, the residual oxidant is determined either by back titration with standard iron (II) solution to a ferroin end point in titrimetry or by reacting with o-dianisidine followed by measurement of the absorbance of the orange-red coloured product at 470 nm in spectrophotometry. In titrimetry, the reaction proceeded with a stoichiometry of 1 : 2 (ETM : Ce (IV)) and the amount of cerium (IV) consumed by ETM was related to the latter’s amount, and the method was applicable over 1.0–8.0 mg of drug. In spectrophotometry, Beer’s law was obeyed over the concentration range of 0.5–5.0 μg/mL ETM with a molar absorptivity value of 2.66 × 104 L/(mol·cm). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) calculated according to ICH guidelines were 0.013 and 0.043 μg/mL, respectively. The proposed titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods were found to yield reliable results when applied to bulk drug and tablets analysis, and hence they can be applied in quality control laboratories.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NEW HPT LC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF RUPATIDINE FUMARATE AND MONTELUKAST SODIUM IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (06) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
T Raja ◽  
◽  
A. L Rao
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Montelukast Sodium ◽  
Aluminum Plates ◽  
Tablet Dosage

A new simple high performance thin layer chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of rupatidine fumarate and montelukast sodium in bulk and tablet dosage form was investigated. Chromatographic separation of the drugs was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and the solvent system consisted of acetone:methanol:toluene (2:3:5, V/V/V). Densitometric evaluation of the separated zones was performed at 286 nm and the method was validated. The Rf values and drug content of rupatidine fumarate and montelukast sodium were 0.57±0.02, 0.68±0.02 and 98.3%, 97.67% respectively. The calibration curves of peak area versus concentration, were linear from 50-300 ng per band for both rupatidine fumarate and montelukast sodium and the regression coefficient (r2 ) was greater than 0.99. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, robustness and application for assay as per ICH guidelines. The study showed that the developed method was simple and accurate and would be suitable for the simultaneous determination of rupatidine fumarate and montelukast sodium in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals Sensitive Spectrophotometric Determination of Atenolol in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using Bromate-Bromide Mixture as an Eco-Friendly Brominating Agent

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kudige N. Prashanth ◽  
Kanakapura Basavaiah
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Bulk Drug ◽  
Orange Color ◽  
Yellowish Orange

Three simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are proposed for the determination of atenolol (ATN) in bulk drug and tablets. The methods are based on the bromination of ATN by the bromine generatedin situby the action of the acid on the bromate–bromide mixture followed by the determination of unreacted bromine by reacting with a fixed amount of either meta-cresol purple (MCP) and measuring the absorbance at 540 nm (method A) and 445 nm (method B) or erioglaucine (EGC) and measuring the absorbance at 630 nm (method C). Beer's law is valid within the concentration ranges of 1.0–20.0, 2.0–40.0 and 1.0–8.0 μg/mL for method A, method B and method C, respectively. The calculated molar absorptivities were found to be 1.20×104, 4.51×103and3.46×104  L/mol⋅cmfor method A, method B and method C, respectively. Sandell’s sensitivity values, correlation coefficients, limits of detection and quantification are also reported. Recovery results were statistically compared with those of a reference method by applying Student’st- andF-test. The novelty of the present study is the measurement of two different colors using MCP, that is, red-pink color of MCP in acid medium at 540 nm and yellowish-orange color of brominated MCP at 445 nm.

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