Fatty acid composition of blubber from the four species of Bering Sea phocid seals

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. West ◽  
John J. Burns ◽  
Marilyn Modafferi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Ringed Seal ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Phocid Seals ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
The Bering Sea

The fatty acid composition of blubber lipid was analyzed from one example of both sexes of the four species of phocid seals inhabiting the Bering Sea: spotted seal (Phoca vitulina largha), ringed seal (P. hispida), ribbon seal (P. fasciata), and bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus). All specimens had similar fatty acid complements (10 fatty acids predominated, ranging from chain lengths of 14 to 22 carbons with zero lo six double bonds) although there were specific differences among species and between sexes. The greatest interspecific differences in blubber fatty acid composition occurred in the ringed seal and may have been due to diet.Double-bond indices (indicating degree of unsaturation) were high in all samples and higher than those calculated for Atlantic or southern hemisphere seals. Melting points of the blubber lipid ranged from −2 to −8 °C for some components; all components melted below 15 °C correlating with expected peripheral blubber temperatures of seals in cold water of the Bering Sea.

Fatty acid composition of Pacific walrus skin and blubber fats

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. West ◽  
John J. Burns ◽  
Marilyn Modafferi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Pacific Walrus ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus Divergens ◽  
The One ◽  
Chain Lengths ◽  
The Bering Sea

The fatty acid composition of skin and blubber lipids was analyzed from four apparently healthy adult Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) taken in the Bering Sea and one moribund walrus from the vicinity of Barrow in the northern Chukchi Sea. All specimens had similar fatty acid complements; 13 fatty acids predominated ranging from chain lengths of 14 to 22 carbons with zero to six double bonds. There were no major differences between males and females nor between the one lactating and the nonlactating female. There were specific differences from inner blubber to outer blubber and skin and between the four healthy and one moribund animal. Double-bond indices (indicating degree of unsaturation) were relatively high in all samples, which reflects the large amount of long-chain polyunsaturated acids in the skin and blubber lipids. Inner blubber lipids were more highly unsaturated than outer blubber or skin lipids similar to the patterns observed in baleen whales. Melting points of blubber lipid ranged from 2.2 to −6.8 °C for some components; all components melted below 21.5 °C. Fatty acid composition of hind flipper tissues did not differ significantly from those in the trunk skin and blubber.

Preferential inhibition of phosphatidyl ethanolamine synthesis in E. coli by alcohols

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Total Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Phospholipid Classes ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Chain Lengths

Growth of E. coli in the presence of alcohols of chain lengths 1 through 8 results in an increase in the relative abundance of phosphatidyl glycerol. This results primarily from the preferential inhibition of phosphatidyl ethanolamine synthesis. This inhibition appears to be unrelated to membrane fluidity or to changes in fatty acid composition caused by alcohols. Alcohol-induced changes in total fatty acid composition are reflected in all phospholipid classes. Phosphatidyl serine synthetase is proposed as the most likely site for the effects of alcohols on phospholipid synthesis.

scholarly journals Trophic structure of cold-water coral communities revealed from the analysis of tissue isotopes and fatty acid composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick van Oevelen ◽  
Gerard C. A. Duineveld ◽  
Marc S. S. Lavaleye ◽  
Tina Kutti ◽  
Karline Soetaert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Trophic Structure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
Water Coral

scholarly journals Seasons of the ringed seal: pelagic open-water hyperphagy, benthic feeding over winter and spring fasting during molt

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Young ◽  
S. H. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Ringed Seal ◽  
Foraging Habitat ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Δ15n And Δ13c

Context The ringed seal (Phoca hispida), a small phocid seal with a circumpolar Arctic distribution and a strong association with sea ice, occurs at the southern limit of its range in Hudson and James Bays: an area that experiences complete ice cover in winter and complete open water in summer. Because of the high seasonal variability in environmental conditions, it is expected that ringed seals experience seasonal changes in diet and foraging habitat, which will be reflected in body condition and biomarkers of stable isotopes and fatty acids. Aims The purpose of the present study was to investigate intra-annual variation in the feeding habits and body condition of the ringed seal. Methods Tissue samples and morphological measurements from south-eastern Hudson Bay ringed seals were obtained every month during the Inuit subsistence hunt from November 2009 to May 2011 (n = 192). Muscle samples were used for δ15N and δ13C stable isotope analysis, blubber was used for analysis of fatty acid composition, bodyweight and sculp weight were used to estimate percentage blubber, and lower right canines were used to determine age. Key results Fatty acid composition, δ15N, and δ13C varied significantly by season, suggesting seasonal changes in foraging habitat and diet. Variation in percentage blubber indicated that poorest body condition occurs following the molting and fasting period, followed by a gradual increase from late summer through fall, with the highest body condition occurring in time for freeze-up in December. Key conclusions Patterns of δ13C indicate pelagic feeding during the open-water season (August–December) when fat and energy stores are replenished, increased benthic foraging during the period of ice cover (January–May), followed by a period of fasting during the spring molt (June–July). Fatty acid composition suggested seasonal changes in diet that could include increased importance of pelagic fish in the fall during the period of positive energy balance. Implications The first continuous collection of ringed seal tissue samples provided a comprehensive seasonal pattern of biomarker composition, which is baseline data that have important applications for short-term management and ecology studies as well as long-term conservation and monitoring programs.

Fatty acid composition of the cold-water-inhabiting freshwater red alga Sirodotia Kylin

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Bhosale ◽  
D. A. Velankar ◽  
B. B. Chaugule
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Red Alga
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