Ultrastructure of sex-pheromone gland cells and cuticle before and during release of pheromone in female eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Percy
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Pore Canals

The sex-pheromone-producing gland of Choristoneura fumiferana, as in other moths, is a modified intersegmental membrane between the eighth and ninth abdominal segments. Gland cells differ from epidermal cells in unmodified intersegmental membranes in their size, shape, and structure. One to 2 days before emergence of the adult, the gland cells have few microvilli and the cytoplasm contains mainly rough endoplasmic reticulum. By 1 h before emergence, the cells have the adult characteristics. The basal region below the nucleus contains Golgi complexes, lipid droplets, glycogen deposits, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The apical region contains many microbodies and extensive smooth tubular endoplasmic reticulum. The apical surface has numerous well-developed microvilli, each of which contains a core of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast to gland cells, unmodified epidermal cells only contain rough endoplasmic reticulum and their apical projections are small and ill-defined. Cuticle of the gland and unmodified intersegmental membrane does not change after deposition but continues to resemble that of the developing gland 1 to 2 days before emergence. Pore canals are present as gaps in the endocuticle and follow the helicoidal arrangement of the microfibrils. Near the microvilli the pore canals contain a filamentous structure which is replaced by epicuticular filaments near the first lamella of the endocuticle. Groups of epicuticular filaments terminate at an oval depression in the dense epicuticle. Each oval depression opens at the surface of the inner cuticulin. Epicuticular filaments are not the immediate precursors of the pheromone. The probable role of the epicuticular filaments in pheromone synthesis and release is discussed.

scholarly journals AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF THE GLAND CELLS OF THE MINK ENDOMETRIUM

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Enders ◽  
R. K. Enders ◽  
S. Schlafke
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Giant Mitochondria ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Delayed Implantation ◽  
Secretion Granules ◽  
Golgi Region

Portions of mink endometrium in delayed implantation, early postimplantation, and pseudo pregnancy were fixed in buffered osmium tetroxide with sucrose, or potassium permanganate. After rapid dehydration the portions of endometrium were embedded in either methacrylate or epoxy resin. Examination of the cells from the body of the glands of the endometrium of delayed implantation revealed the presence of prominent terminal bars, numerous secretion granules, and membrane discs in the apical region of the cell. In the supranuclear and infranuclear regions, mildly dilated cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum were present, and in many cells unusually large mitochondria were seen. Numerous changes were noted in the gland cells of the post implantation stage. The endoplasmic reticulum in the basal region was extensively dilated, and the nuclei were situated more centrally. Giant mitochondria were no longer present. The large secretion granules were not present, but smaller granules were seen, especially in the Golgi region. Some of the Golgi cisternae were dilated and the pattern of parallel membranes was consequently less distinct. It is suggested that gland cells in the postimplantation and pseudopregnancy stages exhibit evidence of greater secretory activity than those in the delayed implantation stage.

Morphogenèse de l'épiderme imaginal de l'abdomen de Calliphora erythrocephala (Insecte, Diptère)

Development ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-261
Author(s):  
Par Anne-Marie Bautz
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Abdominal Surface ◽  
Intense Activity

The morphogenesis of the abdominal epidermis in Calliphora erythrocephala begins by a cellular proliferation which proceeds slowly in larvae and rapidly in pupae. This allows histoblasts to glide and invade the whole abdominal surface. As soon as the new epidermal sheet has become continuous, differentiation begins. Generalized epidermal cells show an intense activity which leads to the deposition of imaginal cuticle from the 6th day after pupation onwards. After cuticle deposition they darken and become inactive although they remain alive, even after emergence. Trichogen and tormogen cells are even more active than generalized epidermal cells, especially the trichogen cell in which polyribosomes and microtubules are abundant. The former are possibly involved in microtubule synthesis. After cuticle deposition the trichogen and tormogen cells undergo degeneration. Their nuclei contract, rough endoplasmic reticulum breaks down and cytoplasm breaks up into fragments through infoldings which proliferate from the plasma membrane. Finally only generalized epidermal cells and sensory cells remain alive in the adult.

Haemocytes associated with basement membrane of sex pheromone gland of Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ultrastructural observations

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Percy
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Trichoplusia Ni ◽  
Amorphous Layer ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland ◽  
Layer 2 ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

In female Trichoplusia ni, granular haemocytes are observed near the basement membrane of developing sex pheromone gland cells while plasmatocytes are observed near the basement membrane of unmodified epidermal cells. The basement membrane underlying gland cells is clearly different from that of other epidermal cells. There is a thin amorphous layer (layer 1) which is also present beneath unmodified cells, and a second layer (layer 2) apposing the haemocytes. Layer 2 is distinctly banded which results from tubules similar in dimensions and structural appearance to those observed within granules of the granular haemocytes. The observations indicate that the granules participate in the formation of layer 2 by emptying their contents into the haemocoel next to layer 1.

Ultrastructural changes in posterior midgut cells associated with blood feeding in adult female Rhodnius prolixus Stal (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2574-2586 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. F. Billingsley ◽  
A. E. R. Downe
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Apical Cell ◽  
Blood Feeding ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Posterior Midgut

Modifications of posterior midgut cells of Rhodnius prolixus following a meal of rabbit blood are described. Prominent stacks and whorls of rough endoplasmic reticulum become redistributed following a blood meal but later reform during the postfeeding period. Lysosomes undergo internal structural changes and apparent fluctuations in their number per cell as a result of blood meal ingestion. Before blood feeding, the apical surface of the midgut cells show a typical arrangement of a plasma membrane covered on the lumenal surface by a glycocalyx. After a blood meal, a more complex organisation appears, consisting of two plasma membranes separated by an electron-dense matrix. The lumenal apical membrane proliferates during the digestion period to form loosely organised extracellular membrane layers which may function as a peritrophic membrane. Changes in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes and modifications to the apical cell surface appear to coincide with previously described proteinase activity cycles in the posterior midgut of R. prolixus. The implications of these results are discussed and are compared with similar ultrastructural events from haematophagous Diptera.

Changes in the distribution of membranous organelles during mouse early development

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-309
Author(s):  
Bernard Maro ◽  
Martin H. Johnson ◽  
Susan J. Pickering ◽  
Daniel Louvard
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Apical Region ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Embryonic Cells ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Surface Phenotype ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Differentiated Cells

The unfertilized oocyte, fertilized egg and early embryo (2-cell to 16-cell) of the mouse have been examined immunocytochemically for the distribution of antigens associated with the endoplasmic reticulum, the lysosomal and acidic vesicle fraction (100kD antigen), Golgi apparatus (135kD antigen) and coated vesicles (clathrin). The distribution of these antigens has also been examined in isolated 8-cell and 16-cell-stage blastomeres of various ages and phenotypes. Endoplasmic reticulum is detected only weakly in the oocyte and egg, but is seen abundantly at later stages both in association with the nuclear membrane and evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm, except in regions of cell: cell apposition from which it is excluded. Intracellular clathrin is associated with the spindle in mitotic and meiotic cells. During interphase, clathrin is distributed throughout the cell until the mid-8-cell stage when it is concentrated into the apical region of the cell under the region of membrane at which a surface pole of microvilli will form subsequently. Thus, the cytoplasmic polarization of clathrin precedes overt polarization at the surface. At mitosis, the clathrin relocates to the spindle and is distributed to both daughter cells. It resumes an apical location beneath the surface pole of microvilli in polar daughter 1/16 cells, but remains dispersed in apolar daughter 1/16 cells. Both the lysosomal and Golgi antigens are distributed throughout the cytoplasm until the early 16-cell stage. In pairs of 16-cell blastomeres both antigens aggregate in a single cluster and do so whether the surface phenotype of the blastomeres is polar or apolar. The position of this cluster is not consistently related to the point of contact with the other cell in the pair but there is a suggestion that in cells with a polar surface phenotype the polar foci of Golgi/lysosomal antigens are located between the nucleus and the surface pole at earlier time points, but shift to a position between the basolateral membrane and the nucleus at the later time point. In intact 16-cell embryos also, the aggregated Golgi/lysosomal antigens of polar cells appear to localize to the basal region. The distributions of these various organelles in embryonic cells reported here show a number of differences from those reported previously for mature, differentiated cells.

Ultrastructure of sex pheromone gland cells in Lobesia botrana Den &Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 672-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lalanne-Cassou ◽  
Jean Percy ◽  
J. A. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Apical Plasma Membrane ◽  
Pheromone Gland ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Sex Pheromone Gland ◽  
Tubular Endoplasmic Reticulum

In newly emerged and 48-h-old female adults of Lobesia botrana the sex pheromone gland cells are columnar. Organelles characteristic of lipid-producing cells are very prominent. Smooth tubular endoplasmic reticulum is extensively developed but few lipid droplets are observed. Numerous microbodies are present and are located, along with the Golgi complexes, primarily in the vicinity of the nucleus. The apical plasma membrane is folded. The cuticle overlying the gland cells differs from unmodified cuticle in the number and location of epicuticular filaments. They originate near the bases of the furrows between the apical folds.

scholarly journals Fine structure of the integument of Argas (Persicargas) persicus (Oken) (Ixodoidea: Argasidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Montasser ◽  
Amr Amin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Argas Persicus ◽  
Dermal Glands ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Surface Pores

The integument of Argas persicus was investigated using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The study revealed that two layers, viz. an outer epicuticle and an inner procuticle, form the cuticle. The epicuticle includes wax, cuticulin and protein epicuticular layers. The wax layer carries numerous crater-like deposits, oval or circular discs and numerous infoldings. The procuticle contains an exo-, endo- and a subcuticle.Underlining the cuticle, flattened epidermal cells are connected via desmosomes and contain rough endoplasmic reticulum, free ribosomes and mitochondria. Scattered dermal glands are located beneath the cuticle and are continuous with the outside through dermal ducts and surface pores.

Light and electron microscope studies of cytoplasmic aggregates formed in barley cells in response to Erysiphe graminis

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (14) ◽  
pp. 1647-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Bushnell ◽  
R. J. Zeyen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Golgi Bodies

Cytoplasmic aggregates that formed in susceptible barley epidermal cells 11-12 h after inoculation with Erysiphe graminis were examined by light microscopy in living specimens and by electron microscopy in fixed specimens. Rapid development of the aggregate (5–10 min) suggested that cytoplasm migrated to the site of each aggregation. The aggregate contained features generally associated with areas of high metabolic and synthetic activity: abundant mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum (associated with smooth cisternae), Golgi bodies, and polyribosomes. Leucoplasts and nuclei were sometimes near aggregates but not consistently. Microbodies and osmiophilic spherosomes were not present.

Modification of Pineal Ultrastructure by Exogenous Hormones

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
R. A. Turner ◽  
A. E. Rodin ◽  
D. K. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Gonadal Atrophy ◽  
Pineal Ultrastructure

There have been many reports which establish a relationship between the pineal and sexual structures, including gonadal hypertrophy after pinealectomy, and gonadal atrophy after injection of pineal homogenates or of melatonin. In order to further delineate this relationship the pineals from 5 groups of female rats were studied by electron microscopy:ControlsPregnant ratsAfter 4 weekly injections of 0.1 mg. estradiol benzoate.After 8 daily injections of 150 mcgm. melatonin (pineal hormone).After 8 daily injections of 3 mg. serotonin (melatonin precursor).No ultrastructural differences were evident between the control, and the pregnancy and melatonin groups. However, the estradiol injected animals exhibited a marked increase in the amount and size of rough endoplasmic reticulum within the pineal cells.

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