Three new itch mites from Canadian small mammals (Acarina: Psorergatidae)

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1239-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico J. J. Kok ◽  
Fritz S. Lukoschus ◽  
Frank V. Clulowi
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Sorex Cinereus

Three new Psorergates species parasitic in epithelium of the external ear of Sorex cinereus Kerr, Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord), and Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner) are described and figured in detail. Distinctive features of species of the "insectivora" and "dissimilis" groups of the genus Psorergates Tyrell are tabulated.

Relative abundance, richness, and diversity of small mammals at induced forest edges

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1432-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Sekgororoane ◽  
T. G. Dilworth
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effect ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Clethrionomys Gapperi ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
Napaeozapus Insignis ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
The University

To determine whether small mammals show "edge effect" at induced forest edges created by harvest cutting, small mammals were snap-trapped from 1990 to 1992 at 5 sites harvested 0–10 years previously in the University of New Brunswick Forest, Fredericton. Nine species were captured in 8686 trap-nights. There was edge effect in older (6–10 years) but not in recent (0–5 years) cuts. This was shown by both high relative abundance for all species combined and species diversity in the ecotone (from 10 m into the harvest cut to 10 m into the forest). Species richness did not show any edge-related pattern. Edge effect with respect to relative abundance was largely due to Peromyscus maniculatus and Clethrionomys gapperi. Peromyscus maniculatus reached the highest relative abundance 10 m in the forest and was not captured beyond 10 m in the harvest cut. Clethrionomys gapperi made use of the forest side of the ecotone and was not captured beyond 5 m in the harvest cut. Napaeozapus insignis, Zapus hudsonius, and Soricidae (Blarina brevicauda, Sorex cinereus, and S. fumeus) showed no attraction to, or avoidance of, the edge.

Ectoparasites and other associates of some insectivores and rodents from New Brunswick

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2787-2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O. Whitaker Jr ◽  
Thomas W. French
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Clethrionomys Gapperi ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Host Individual ◽  
Napaeozapus Insignis ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
Provincial Park

Ectoparasites and other associates were examined from seven species of insectivores and nine species of rodents from Mount Carleton Provincial Park, New Brunswick. The most abundant forms found were (at least 2.0 per host individual) the following: Orycteroxenus soricis and Amorphacarus hengererorum on Sorex cinereus and on Sorex (Microsorex) hoyi; A. hengererorum and O. soricis on Sorex fumeus; O. soricis, Miyatrombicula esoensis, and Ixodes angustus on Sorex gaspensis; O. soricis, I. angustus, Pygmephorus horridus, and Protomyobia americana on Blarina brevicauda; M. esoensis, Protomyobia claparedei, and Glycyphagus hypudaei on Sorex palustris; Orycteroxenus canadensis, O. soricis, P. horridus, G. hypudaei, Ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes, and Haemogamasus ambulans on Condylura cristata. More abundant ectoparasites of the rodents were as follows: G. hypudaei, Listrophorus mexicanus, M. esoensis, Neotrombicula harperi, and Radfordia lemnina on Clethrionomys gapperi; G. hypudaei, L. mexicanus, M. esoensis, N. harperi, and Laelaps kochi on Microtus chrotorrhinus; L. mexicanus, G. hypudaei, Radfordia hylandi, Laelaps alaskensis, M. esoensis, Polyplax alaskensis, L. kochi, N. harperi, and Myocoptes j. japonensis on Microtus pennsylvanicus; Listrophorus synaptomys, Hoplopleura acanthopus, L. alaskensis, G. hypudaei, M. esoensis, I. angustus, R. hylandi, and N. harperi on Synaptomys cooperi; all of these except the last one on Synaptomys borealis; M. esoensis on Peromyscus maniculatus; Dermacarus newyorkensis on Zapus hudsonius; D. newyorkensis, N. harperi, Radfordia ewingi, and G. hypudaei on Napaeozapus insignis; Dermacarus hylandi, N. harperi, Megabothris acerbus, and M. esoensis on Tamias striatus.

THE SELECTION BY CERTAIN SMALL MAMMALS OF DEAD, PARASITIZED, AND HEALTHY PREPUPAE OF THE EUROPEAN PINE SAWFLY, NEODIPRION SERTIFER (GEOFF.)

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 404-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Holling
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Neodiprion Sertifer ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
European Pine Sawfly ◽  
Three Phases

Caged Sorex cinereus cinereus Kerr, Blarina brevicauda talpoides Gapper, and Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii Hoy and Kenicott opened more cocoons containing healthy, living sawfly prepupae than ones containing prepupae attacked by fungus. In the field and in the laboratory, S.c.cinereus opened more healthy cocoons than cocoons containing parasites. The reverse appeared to be true for B.b.talpoides. P.m.bairdii opened equal numbers of healthy and parasitized cocoons. The more insectivorous animals exhibited the greatest selective ability. Pretreatment to cocoons of one category affected the selective ability. Pretreating P.m.bairdii to fungus cocoons lowered the ability to select healthy cocoons over fungus cocoons. Pretreating animals to healthy cocoons raised the selective ability. Selection occurred in the digging, removing, opening, and eating phases in the search for cocoons. The closer the phase to the consummatory action, the greater was the degree of selection. The selective ability in the first three phases was acquired with experience. In the final, eating, phase it was innate.

Trypanosomes of small mammals in southern Ontario

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. K. Woo ◽  
D. R. Grant ◽  
L. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Blarina Brevicauda ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Southern Ontario

Using the haematocrit centrifuge technique, 53 of 619 small mammals from seven areas in southern Ontario were found to be infected with three species of trypanosomes. Trypanosoma microti was found in 10 of 374 (2.7%) Microtus pennsylvanicus examined from two of five locations. Thirty-five of 102 (34%) of Tamias striatus from one area were infected with Trypanosoma tamiasi and over 94% (33 of 35) of the infected animals were juveniles. This would indicate that the trypanosome is primarily a parasite of juveniles. A trypanosome which was tentatively identified as Trypanosoma soricis was found in 8 of 36 (22%) Blarina brevicauda; it was recorded from two of four areas where the shrews were caught. A detailed description of the trypanosome was given because the original description was inadequate. No trypanosome was found in 74 Peromyscus maniculatus, 31 Mus musculus, and 2 Zapus hudsonius examined.

The occurrence of Paruterina candelabraria (Goeze, 1782) and Cladotaenia globifera (Batsch, 1786) in Manitoba

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1399-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.W. Baron
Keyword(s):  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Gravel Pits

Paruterina candelabraria was found in 4 out of 40 rodents collected in gravel pits near St. Lupicin, Mulvihill, Wasagaming, and Lockport, Manitoba. The hosts were Microtus pennsylvanicus and Peromyscus maniculatus. Cladotaenia globifera was found in 1 out of 15 M. pennsylvanicus collected near Bissett, Manitoba.

scholarly journals Can camera trapping provide accurate estimates of small mammal ( Myodes rutilus and Peromyscus maniculatus ) density in the boreal forest?

2015 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Villette ◽  
Charles J. Krebs ◽  
Thomas S. Jung ◽  
Rudy Boonstra
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Deer Mice ◽  
Hit Rate ◽  
Myodes Rutilus ◽  
Feasible Alternative

Abstract Estimating population densities of small mammals (< 100g) has typically been carried out by intensive livetrapping, but this technique may be stressful to animals and the effort required is considerable. Here, we used camera traps to detect small mammal presence and assessed if this provided a feasible alternative to livetrapping for density estimation. During 2010–2012, we used camera trapping in conjunction with mark–recapture livetrapping to estimate the density of northern red-backed voles ( Myodes rutilus ) and deer mice ( Peromyscus maniculatus ) in the boreal forest of Yukon, Canada. Densities for these 2 species ranged from 0.29 to 9.21 animals/ha and 0 to 5.90 animals/ha, respectively, over the course of this investigation. We determined if hit window—the length of time used to group consecutive videos together as single detections or “hits”—has an effect on the correlation between hit rate and population density. The relationship between hit rate and density was sensitive to hit window duration for Myodes with R2 values ranging from 0.45 to 0.59, with a 90-min hit window generating the highest value. This relationship was not sensitive to hit window duration for Peromyscus , with R2 values for the tested hit windows ranging from 0.81 to 0.84. Our results indicate that camera trapping may be a robust method for estimating density of small rodents in the boreal forest when the appropriate hit window duration is selected and that camera traps may be a useful tool for the study of small mammals in boreal forest habitat.

Control of Small Mammals on a Hardwood Plantation by Poison-Bait Feeders

1977 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
Arthur M. Martell ◽  
Andrew Radvanyi
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Meadow Vole ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Meadow Voles ◽  
Southern Ontario

Poison-bait feeder stations were placed on a hardwood plantation in southern Ontario in 1973 to attempt long-term control of a meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) population by continuous dispensing of poisoned grain. Baiting by means of feeders successfully reduced the numbers of meadow voles and maintained them at a low density, about 3-6/ha (1.2-2.4/acre), through April 1976. During the same period, the density of meadow voles on surrounding unpoisoned areas declined from a 1973 peak to about the same as that found on the poisoned plot by fall and winter 1975-76. Despite that low density, less than 4/ha (1.6/acre), severe gnawing and girdling of young hardwoods occurred during winter. Poison-bait feeders are efficient at reducing meadow vole populations from high to low density, but it cannot be assumed that even those low-density populations will not damage hardwood plantations.

Seasonal dynamics and distribution of American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say), larvae and nymphs at Birds Hill Park, Manitoba

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2748-2755 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Burachynsky ◽  
T. D. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Dermacentor Variabilis ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Clethrionomys Gapperi ◽  
Spermophilus Tridecemlineatus ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
Spermophilus Franklinii ◽  
Dog Tick

During a 2-year study on the relationships between immature Dermacentor variabilis and their small-mammal hosts near Birds Hill, Manitoba, 739 captures of 427 mammals were examined for ticks. Captures represented 11 mammal species: Clethrionomys gapperi, Lepus americanus, Microtus pennsylvanicus, Mus musculus, Peromyscus maniculatus, Sorex cinereus, Spermophilus franklinii, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, Tamias striatus, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, and Zapus hudsonius. Clethrionomys gapperi, M. pennsylvanicus, P. maniculatus, S. franklinii, and Z. hudsonius were most frequently encountered and, with the exception of S. franklinii, infested with larvae and nymphs. Clethrionomys gapperi were most frequently infested by D. variabilis and produced 42.6% and 60.5% of larvae collected in 1979 and 1980, respectively, and over 85% of all nymphs. Peak larval infestation occurred between the last week of May and the middle of June; that for nymphs occurred in July in both 1979 and 1980. Dermacentor variabilis appeared to have a 2-year life cycle in Manitoba. Larvae were spatially aggregated during both years and aggregates were located in different areas of the plots each year. Nymphs were less aggregated than larvae. The distribution of nymphs overlapped that of larvae each year and occupied a greater area on the plots.

ON THE TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS CLADOTAENIA, THE LIFE HISTORIES OF C. GLOBIFERA (BATSCH, 1786) AND C. CIRCI YAMAGUTI, 1935, AND A NOTE ON DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN THE PLEROCERCOIDS OF THE GENERA PARUTERINA AND CLADOTAENIA

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reino S. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Peromyscus Maniculatus ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Napaeozapus Insignis ◽  
The World ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
Circus Cyaneus

A review of the taxonomy of the genus Cladotaenia established that at least four species of this genus occur in Europe, Egypt, and Sudan; that four species occur in North America; and that there are 10 valid species in the world. C. circi Yamaguti, 1935 is redescribed from Circus cyaneus hudsonius and Accipiter cooperi, and C. globifera (Batsch, 1786) is redescribed from Accipiter gentilis atricapillus, A. striatus velox, Buteo p. platypterus, B. jamaicensis, and C. cyaneus hudsonius all collected in North America. The development of the plerocercoid of both species is described. Natural infections with the plerocercoid of C. circi, are reported from Peromyscus maniculatus sonoriensis, and with the plerocercoid of C. globifera in the rodents, Clethrionomys gapperi, Napaeozapus insignis, Peromyscus maniculatus gracilis, P. leucopus noveboracensis, Tamias striatus, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, and the insectivore Sorex cinereus. The ratio of the length of the hook to length of guard of the large hooks of Cladolaenia is less than 3.5:1, whereas this ratio is more than 3.5:1 on the large rostellar hooks of Paruterina, which is considered a good criterion for distinguishing the plerocercoids of the two genera.

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