THE LIPOTROPIC ACTION OF COLD: 2. THE INFLUENCE OF COLD AND CHOLINE DEFICIENCY ON SERUM LIPIDS OF RATS AT DIFFERENT INTAKES OF DIETARY METHIONINE

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Radomski ◽  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Fatty Livers

The effect of exposure of rats to cold for a 10-day period on the concentration of serum lipids in control and choline-deficient animals was studied at four dietary intakes of methionine. Changes in total lipids, total and free cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride levels were measured.In control (choline-fed) animals, phospholipid, cholesterol, and the ratio of free:ester cholesterol levels were not altered by cold exposure, but a marked decrease (25–30%, P < 0.01) in the levels of total serum lipids occurred. This was a result of a 45–70% decrease in triglyceride levels. The concentration of the triglyceride-rich low-density lipoproteins (Sf 10–400) in the serum fell in the cold-exposed animals as indicated by lowered triglyceride:cholesterol ratios.Although cold exposure prevented fatty livers in choline-deficient rats at high methionine intakes, it did not prevent the characteristic decrease in serum lipids found in choline deficiency at any of the methionine intakes studied. Decreases in total lipids (20–40%), triglyceride (10–50%), cholesterol (15–40%), and phospholipids (15–40%) were found. It was concluded that the ability of cold exposure to overcome choline deficiency is limited, apparently, to the fatty liver syndrome and has no effect on the decreased serum lipid levels.

THE LIPOTROPIC ACTION OF COLD: 1. THE INFLUENCE OF COLD AND CHOLINE DEFICIENCY ON LIVER LIPIDS OF RATS AT DIFFERENT INTAKES OF DIETARY METHIONINE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Radomski ◽  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The effect of cold exposure and choline deficiency on the levels of liver lipids of male albino rats was studied at four dietary intakes of methionine (20–100 mg per rat per day). After exposure of the animals to cold (2–3 °C) for a 10-day period, the liver lipids were analyzed for total and free cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride.In choline-fed animals, cold exposure did not affect triglyceride or total cholesterol levels but elevated phospholipid and free cholesterol and decreased ester cholesterol. The increase in phospholipid levels occurred at all methionine intakes with the changes in the cholesterol fractions occurring only at methionine intakes >40 mg per day.In choline-deficient rats, there was evidence that the lipotropic action of cold exposure was related to dietary methionine intake. At methionine intakes <60 mg per rat per day, fatty infiltration of the livers of the choline-deficient cold-exposed rats occurred, as evidenced by the accumulation of triglyceride and ester cholesterol. Concomitantly, phospholipid levels decreased. The data suggest that cold increases the capacity of the animal to synthesize choline from endogenous sources.

CHANGE OF TOTAL LIPIDS, TRIGLYCEROL, CHOLESTEROL AND GLUCOSE CNTENTIN THE BLOODOF LAYING HENS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF NFNOAQVAHELATESOF SELENIUM, ZINC AND VITAMIN E

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
M. Nishchemenko ◽  
V. Koziy ◽  
O. Omelchuk ◽  
A. Emelyanenko ◽  
O. Poroshinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The results of the study of the influence of selenium, zinc and vitamin E aqua chelates on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in laying hens are reflected in the article. In the studies carried out on the layers of the breed, Lohman Brown examined the effect of the addition of selenium nanochemistry solutions at a dose of 30 ml / kg, zinc 30 ml / kg, along with vitamin E - 40 mg / kg of feed. The experiment lasted for 90 days, the use of the above-mentioned drugs caused changes in the content of the studied parameters, namely: a significant increase in the content of total serum lipids on the 60th and 90th day of the experiment in the experimental groups by 15.8-25.0% , and the level of triacylglycerol decreased in experimental layers by 12.8-13.3%. The study of cholesterol levels during the experiment revealed only a tendency to decrease within 4,7-6,1%. The concentration of glucose in the blood of the experimental layers during the experiment was significantly higher in the experiment by 7.2-8.4% compared to the control group of the layers.

scholarly journals Low cholesterol levels in children predict impulsivity in young adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Katrin Tomson-Johanson ◽  
Tanel Kaart ◽  
Raul-Allan Kiivet ◽  
Toomas Veidebaum ◽  
Jaanus Harro
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Serum Lipid Levels ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractObjective:Severe behavioural issues such as impulsive action and suicide have since long been associated with low levels of cholesterol. While it is known that cholesterol plays a role in neural development and hence low levels of serum lipids could have long-term effects on behaviour, no longitudinal studies showed the association of serum lipids levels with impulsivity. We aimed to examine the prognostic properties of serum lipid levels during childhood and adolescence on measures of impulsivity during early adulthood in a representative birth cohort sample.Methods:We have investigated whether serum lipid levels measured at 9, 15, 18 and 25 years of age have an association with impulsivity in 25 years old young adults. This analysis was based on data of the birth cohort representative samples of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (original n = 1238). Impulsivity was self-reported with the Adaptive and Maladaptive Impulsivity Scale.Results:Total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol measured in boys aged 9, 15 and 18 years predicted disinhibition and thoughtlessness in 25-year-old young adults. High scores of disinhibition were associated with low total and LDL cholesterol levels in males but, while less consistently, with high total and LDL cholesterol levels in females. Cross-sectional analysis did not result in systematic outcomes.Conclusions:Serum lipid levels could have an impact on the development of Maladaptive Impulsivity starting from an early age. This effect of cholesterol continues throughout adolescence into young adulthood.

scholarly journals Serum Level of Total Lipids and Telomere Length in the Male Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155798831984297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Karimi ◽  
Masud Yunesian ◽  
Ramin Nabizadeh ◽  
Parvin Mehdipour
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Age Related

Telomeres contain TTAGGG (T; Thymine, A; Adenine and G; Guanine) repetitive sequences and are placed at the end of human chromosomes. Telomere dysfunction is implicated in some age-related and chronic diseases, but its association with total serum lipids and obesity is unknown. Our objective was to determine influenced of total serum lipids on leukocyte telomere lengths (TLs). Participants were selected by cluster sampling from 22 districts of Tehran. The questionnaires were completed by 500 subjects and after the initial assessment in terms of lifestyle, nutrition, home, and job, 300 healthy people, aged 25–40 years were finally selected. TLs and serum level of total lipids were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and the Phillips method, respectively. The average telomere length (T/S) and total lipids were 1.05 ± 0.3 mg/dl and 643.3 ± 70.8 mg/dl, respectively. We found that a one unit difference in the following parameters were associated with kilo base pair differences in TL: Age −0.0002 (95% CI [−0.0022, −0.0018]), BMI −0.0019 (95% CI [−0.0003, −0.0034]), TC 0.0001 (95% CI [−0.0006, −0.0007]), TG −0.0010 (95% CI [−0.0015, −0.0004]), PL 0.0001 (95% CI [−0.0005, −0.0007]), and TSL −0.0003 (95% CI [−0.0008, 0.0001]). Spearman correlation analysis revealed an inverse relationship between TC (R = −0.53; 95% CI [−0.61, −0.44]), TG (R = −0.50; 95% CI [−0.58, −0.41]), PL (R = −0.46; 95% CI [−0.54−0.36]), and TSL (R = −0.63; 95% CI [−0.69, −0.56]) with T/S. Our research suggests that the inverse relationship was found between TL and weight, BMI, age, and TSL which were associated with obesity. High serum lipids concentration may be associated with systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis and may lead to oxidative stress, resulting in telomere shortening.

Short-term effects of aflatoxin B1 on serum lipids in subhuman primates

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bassir ◽  
T. C. Alozie
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Cercopithecus Aethiops ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Erythrocebus Patas ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Summary Aflatoxin B1 significantly depressed serum lipid levels in specimens of Cercopithecus aethiops, Cercopithecus mona, Erythrocebus patas and Papio enubis. Serum cholesterol, total phospholipids and total lipids were not affected to the same extent.

THE EFFECT OF COLD EXPOSURE ON PLASMA AND LIVER CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN RATS FED VARIOUS DIETS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-785
Author(s):  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Fatty Livers ◽  
Tissue Cholesterol ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Plasma and liver cholesterol levels were compared in male Wistar rats kept at environmental temperatures of 2 °C and 23 °C on various dietary regimens. Cold exposure had little or no effect on the tissue cholesterol levels provided the diet contained appreciable amounts of choline and inositol, the only statistically significant change observed being a small difference in the liver cholesterol concentration in rats maintained on a cholesterol-free diet. A choline- and inositol-deficient diet produced a hypocholesterolemic effect in rats at 23 °C but this effect was counteracted by exposing the rats to a cold environment. The possible significance of this observation with regard to the biochemical defect in "choline deficient" fatty livers is discussed.

The Use of Different Lipids to Express Serum Tocopherol: Lipid Ratios for the Measurement of Vitamin E Status

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
D I Thurnham ◽  
J A Davies ◽  
B J Crump ◽  
R D Situnayake ◽  
M Davis
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Lipid Ratios ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Lipid Ratio ◽  
Vitamin E Status

Plasma tocopherol was measured in 85 alcoholic patients and 40 control subjects from a local factory. Cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids were measured individually and summed to give an estimate of total serum lipids. Plasma tocopherol concentrations of the alchoholics were significantly lower than those of the controls and showed wide variation from marked deficiency to the upper limit of the normal range. Using regression analysis, 1·11 μmol tocopherol/mmol total lipids were calculated as the threshold of deficiency equivalent to 0·8 mg tocopherol/g total lipid established by Horwitt et al.1 The sensitivity and specificity of other tocopherol:lipid ratios for identifying vitamin E deficiency was compared with the tocopherol:total lipid ratio. Thresholds of deficiency for the different tocopherol:lipid ratios were calculated. The tocopherol:cholesterol+triglyceride ratio was found to be almost as powerful in identifying vitamin E deficiency as the tocopherol:total lipid ratio (sensitivity 95%, specificity 99%). Of the tocopherol:individual lipid ratios, the tocopherol:cholesterol ratio gave the best results (sensitivity 86%, specificity 94%).

EFFECT OF COLD EXPOSURE ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN THE RAT

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Radomski
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Triglyceride Fraction ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

The effect of cold exposure for 1–52 days on the concentration and composition of the serum lipids and lipoproteins in male Wistar rats was studied. Serum lipoproteins were separated by preparative ultracentrifugation into three density classes, very low density (d < 1.006), low-density (d, 1.006–1.070), and high-density (d, 1.070–1.218). On the first day of cold exposure, total serum lipids were reduced by 20–25%, this decrease occurring mainly in the triglyceride fraction. Although the low-density and high-density lipoproteins were not affected by cold exposure, the concentration of the very low density lipoproteins fell markedly to 70–75% below normal levels. These alterations in the pattern of serum lipids and lipoproteins persisted throughout the cold-exposure period. Sex or prior feeding of a high-fat, high-carbohydrate, or high-protein diet did not modify these cold-induced changes. The response of the very low density lipoproteins to cold was immediate and rapid, the rate and degree of change being greatest in the first 4 hours of exposure. Conversely, the recovery of the very low density fraction to normal after removal of the rats from the cold was slow and depended upon the period of prior exposure. Animals exposed to 4 °C for 4 days required 3 days at 22 °C for the very low density lipoproteins to return to normal, and the recovery period was twice as long for cold-acclimatized (4 weeks) animals. The role of the triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins as a readily available energy source in the animals is discussed in the light of these results.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Impact of Apolipoprotein E7 on LDL Cholesterol Among Patients With Familial Hypercholesterolemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Tada ◽  
Kan Yamagami ◽  
Nobuko Kojima ◽  
Junichi Shibayama ◽  
Tetsuo Nishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pathogenic Mutation ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Background: It has been suggested that a rare mutant apolipoprotein E7, APOE7 (p.Glu262Lys, p.Glu263Lys), has been identified to be associated with hyperlipoproteinemia in the general population. Moreover, its prevalence has been shown to be 0.005–0.06%. However, there are no prior data regarding its prevalence and impact on serum lipids in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).Methods: We recruited 1,138 patients with clinically diagnosed FH [mean age = 48, men = 512, median low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol = 231 mg/dl]. The coding regions of three FH genes (LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene were sequenced. We investigated the prevalence and impact of APOE7 mutant on serum lipid levels in patients with FH.Results: We identified 29 patients (2.5 %) with a mutant APOE7 (heterozygote), which is apparently much higher than that of the general population. Moreover, when we focus on those without FH mutation (n = 540), we identified 21 patients (3.9 %) with a mutant APOE7. Patients with a mutant APOE7 exhibited significantly higher median LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with those without this rare mutant (249 vs. 218 mg/dl, p &lt; 0.05, 216 vs. 164 mg/dl, p &lt; 0.05, respectively). Moreover, LDL cholesterol levels in the APOE7-oligogenic FH individuals, with a pathogenic mutation in FH genes and APOE7 mutant, were significantly higher than that in monogenic FH patients (265 vs. 245 mg/dl, p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: We identified more patients with a mutant APOE7 than expected among those diagnosed with FH clinically, especially among those without FH-causing mutation. This implies a mutant APOE7 may be one of the causes FH, especially among those without FH mutations.

The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 3266-3281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadis Fathizadeh ◽  
Alireza Milajerdi ◽  
Željko Reiner ◽  
Fariba Kolahdooz ◽  
Maryam Chamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Carnitine Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as, participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location between primary RCTs. Results: Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: - 13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location.

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