THE LIPOTROPIC ACTION OF COLD: 1. THE INFLUENCE OF COLD AND CHOLINE DEFICIENCY ON LIVER LIPIDS OF RATS AT DIFFERENT INTAKES OF DIETARY METHIONINE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Radomski ◽  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Fatty Infiltration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The effect of cold exposure and choline deficiency on the levels of liver lipids of male albino rats was studied at four dietary intakes of methionine (20–100 mg per rat per day). After exposure of the animals to cold (2–3 °C) for a 10-day period, the liver lipids were analyzed for total and free cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride.In choline-fed animals, cold exposure did not affect triglyceride or total cholesterol levels but elevated phospholipid and free cholesterol and decreased ester cholesterol. The increase in phospholipid levels occurred at all methionine intakes with the changes in the cholesterol fractions occurring only at methionine intakes >40 mg per day.In choline-deficient rats, there was evidence that the lipotropic action of cold exposure was related to dietary methionine intake. At methionine intakes <60 mg per rat per day, fatty infiltration of the livers of the choline-deficient cold-exposed rats occurred, as evidenced by the accumulation of triglyceride and ester cholesterol. Concomitantly, phospholipid levels decreased. The data suggest that cold increases the capacity of the animal to synthesize choline from endogenous sources.

THE LIPOTROPIC ACTION OF COLD: 2. THE INFLUENCE OF COLD AND CHOLINE DEFICIENCY ON SERUM LIPIDS OF RATS AT DIFFERENT INTAKES OF DIETARY METHIONINE

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Radomski ◽  
J. D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Fatty Livers

The effect of exposure of rats to cold for a 10-day period on the concentration of serum lipids in control and choline-deficient animals was studied at four dietary intakes of methionine. Changes in total lipids, total and free cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride levels were measured.In control (choline-fed) animals, phospholipid, cholesterol, and the ratio of free:ester cholesterol levels were not altered by cold exposure, but a marked decrease (25–30%, P < 0.01) in the levels of total serum lipids occurred. This was a result of a 45–70% decrease in triglyceride levels. The concentration of the triglyceride-rich low-density lipoproteins (Sf 10–400) in the serum fell in the cold-exposed animals as indicated by lowered triglyceride:cholesterol ratios.Although cold exposure prevented fatty livers in choline-deficient rats at high methionine intakes, it did not prevent the characteristic decrease in serum lipids found in choline deficiency at any of the methionine intakes studied. Decreases in total lipids (20–40%), triglyceride (10–50%), cholesterol (15–40%), and phospholipids (15–40%) were found. It was concluded that the ability of cold exposure to overcome choline deficiency is limited, apparently, to the fatty liver syndrome and has no effect on the decreased serum lipid levels.

scholarly journals Palm Weevil Larvae (Rhynchophorus phoenicis Fabricius) and Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato-Enriched Biscuits Improved Nutritional Status in Female Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jessica Ayensu ◽  
Christopher Larbie ◽  
Reginald Adjetey Annan ◽  
Herman Lutterodt ◽  
Anthony Edusei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Palm Weevil ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato

Edible insects have emerged as an inexpensive alternative source of protein for reducing the burden of malnutrition worldwide. However, there is a dearth of evidence on its efficacy, and thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of edible insect consumption on the nutritional status of female Wistar albino rats. The study assessed the subchronic effect of palm weevil larvae (PWL) and orange-fleshed sweet potato- (OFSP-) enriched biscuits (fortified biscuits (FB), plain biscuits (PB), biscuits fortified with PWL (PWB), and biscuits fortified with OFSP only (SPB)) as a model to predict the potential of PWL to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women in Ghana. Twenty-five female Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned to five experimental groups to receive one of the five feed supplements for 28 days. After which, the effects of treatment on haematological and biochemical parameters including lipid profile were assessed. No significant differences were observed with haematological (Hb) parameters. However, total cholesterol levels of the FB, PB, PWB, and SPB were significantly higher than in the N group. Apart from elevated total cholesterol concentrations, biscuits fortified with PWL had no adverse effects and can be a nutritious snack for maintaining acceptable HB levels.

INFLUENCE OF DIETARY CHOLINE AND PROTEIN ON THE LEVEL OF PHOSPHOLIPID IN THE SERUM OF THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 845-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rosenfeld ◽  
Jessie M. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Serum Phospholipid ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Total Liver ◽  
Dietary Choline

Albino rats weighing 180–200 g. were fed diets containing 5, 9, and 19% protein. The influence of these diets, both with and without additional choline, on the level of serum phospholipid was measured and it was found that only in the presence of dietary choline, an increase of the protein content of the diet caused an elevation of the level of phospholipid in the serum. Measurement of the effect of the interval after feeding showed a significant decrease of serum phospholipid 16 hours after the removal of the choline-containing food. In choline deficiency no such effect was found. Measurement of the influence of duration of choline deficiency on the level of phospholipid in serum revealed an immediate fall to a lower level at the onset of the deficiency. This change was complete before a significant rise of the level of total liver lipids was apparent.

LIPID AND WATER LEVELS IN THE KIDNEYS OF ALBINO RATS BEARING WALKER CARCINOMA 256

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldon M. Boyd ◽  
Arne O. Tikkala
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Walker Carcinoma

The kidneys of 54 pairs of twin albino rats, one inoculated and one not inoculated with Walker carcinoma 256, were analyzed for water, total lipid, neutral fat, total fatty acids, total cholesterol, ester cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipid, calculated as gm. per 100 gm. nonlipid dry weight. Compared with the kidneys of their nontumor-bearing littermates, the kidneys of tumor-bearing rats exhibited no significant change in wet weight and in concentration of total lipid, neutral fat, total fatty acids, and ester cholesterol. There was a significant increase in concentration of water, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipid. The increase was toward concentrations of corresponding elements in Walker carcinoma 256. The changes became evident in animals bearing tumors weighing 20 to 40% or more of host weight.

scholarly journals Antihyperlipidemic and antiatherogenic activity of simvastatin may involve modulation of the expression of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase.

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniran Sanmi Adekunle ◽  
John Olabode Fatoki ◽  
Temitope Isaac Adelusi
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acyl Transferase ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
The Difference

The statin-induced effects on high density lipoprotein (HDL) are relatively small compared with those of low density lipoprotein (LDL) and, as a result, most clinical trials of statins are underpowered with respect to HDL parameters. This study experimentally investigated, the effects of statin on serum lipids, atherogenic index and examined the possibility of a relationship amongst serum concentrations of HDL-C, atherogenic index and activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase. Thirty albino rats equally divided into 2 groups were used for the study. Group 1 was given 0.05mg/g of statin daily for 28 days, while group 2 served as control. HDL concentration was determined as a measure of HDL-C. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and HDL-C were determined spectrophotometrically while LDL-C was calculated using the Frieldwald formula. Effect on the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase was determined by the difference between the amount of free cholesterol converted to cholesteryl ester in the two experimental groups. Effects on body and relative organs weights were also determined. The administration of statin caused a significant increase in serum concentration of HDL-C, while levels of LDL-C, triglyceride and total cholesterol were reduced. Simvastatin caused a significant reduction in the atherogenic index (TC/HDL-C; LDLC/HDL-C). The administration of statin significantly induced the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) as evident by reduced serum concentration of free cholesterol when compared with control. The administration of statin caused reduced body and relative organs weights. The study showed that serum antihyperlipidemic and antiatherogenic activity of statin may involve the induction of LCAT.

scholarly journals The Combination Effect of Simvastatin and Virgin Coconut Oil on Total Cholesterol Levels in Dislipidemic Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Lutfi Dewanda Nugroho ◽  
Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo ◽  
Jusak Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Simvastatin is a primary pharmacological therapy for dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia). Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a companion intake of statin drugs considered capable of lowering blood cholesterol levels. This study aimed to determine the combination effect of statin drug groups with VCO on total cholesterol.Methods: The stages of this study started with the adaptation process of animals, giving a high-fat diet (HFD), and treatment with simvastatin and VCO. The adaptation process was conducted where the experimental animals were fed pellets and drank clean water in a container. A HFD was given by mixing pork brains with distilled water with a ratio of 1:3 as much as 2 ml per day for 21 days. In simvastatin and VCO treatment for 7 days, the experimental animals were divided into 4 groups; group I was given aquades, group II was given VCO, group III was given simvastatin, and group IV was given simvastatin and VCO. The total cholesterol levels in the blood of albino rats were examined by employing a BS-300 Chemistry Analyzer through a spectrophotometric method. The total cholesterol levels data obtained were then examined for normality (Shapiro-Wilk test) and analyzed parametrically by utilizing One-way ANOVA.Results: The average total cholesterol level in the negative control group (being given a standard diet) was 45.57 mg/dL. The averages of blood total cholesterol levels were 47.28 mg/dL, 45.00 mg/dL, 46.85 mg/dL, 41.42 mg/dL, and 44.28 mg/dL in the positive control group (given an HFD), in the treatment group I, in the treatment group II, in the treatment group III, and in the treatment group IV, respectively. There were no significant distinctions in the statistical test on decreasing blood total cholesterol among the negative control group, positive controls I, II, III, and IV.Conclusion: Combination of simvastatin and VCO tends to reduce the total cholesterol level in albino rats. This is better than just giving VCO simvastatin alone.

LIPID AND WATER LEVELS IN THE KIDNEYS OF ALBINO RATS BEARING WALKER CARCINOMA 256

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldon M. Boyd ◽  
Arne O. Tikkala
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Walker Carcinoma

The kidneys of 54 pairs of twin albino rats, one inoculated and one not inoculated with Walker carcinoma 256, were analyzed for water, total lipid, neutral fat, total fatty acids, total cholesterol, ester cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipid, calculated as gm. per 100 gm. nonlipid dry weight. Compared with the kidneys of their nontumor-bearing littermates, the kidneys of tumor-bearing rats exhibited no significant change in wet weight and in concentration of total lipid, neutral fat, total fatty acids, and ester cholesterol. There was a significant increase in concentration of water, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and phospholipid. The increase was toward concentrations of corresponding elements in Walker carcinoma 256. The changes became evident in animals bearing tumors weighing 20 to 40% or more of host weight.

scholarly journals Consortia of bioactives in supercritical carbon dioxide extracts of mustard and small cardamom seeds lower serum cholesterol levels in rats: new leads for hypocholesterolaemic supplements from spices

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumi Chakraborty ◽  
Kaninika Paul ◽  
Priyanka Mallick ◽  
Shrabani Pradhan ◽  
Koushik Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Coa Reductase

AbstractMelatonin-rich and 1,8-cineole-rich extracts have been successfully obtained from yellow mustard (YM) and small cardamom (SC) seeds, respectively, employing green technology of supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction. Chemical profiling confirmed the presence of melatonin and 1,8-cineole and co-extractants in the respective extracts. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy attested strong antioxidant activities of the extracts foregoing pan-assay interference compounds involved in spectroscopic analysis. These extracts also exhibited synergistic efficacies greater than unity confirming antioxidant synergy among the co-extracted bioactives therein. To ascertain hypocholesterolaemic efficacies, these extracts were co-administered orally with Triton X (at the pre-optimised dose of 175 mg/kg body weight (BW)) to Wistar albino rats at doses of 550, 175 and 55 mg/kg BW. Serum total cholesterol levels in the rats were monitored on days 3, 7, 15 and 21. On day 21, total cholesterol level reduced appreciably by 49·44 % in rats treated with YM seed extract and by 48·95 % in rats treated with SC seed extract, comparable with atorvastatin-administered rats (51·09 %). Either extract demonstrated inhibitory effects on hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase activity. A molecular docking exercise identified specific compounds in the extracts which possessed binding affinities comparable with therapeutically used HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. In silico and in vivo studies concertedly concluded that the consortium of bioactive components in the extracts cannot be considered as invalid metabolic panaceas and therefore these ‘green’ extracts could be safely subjected to clinical studies as preventive biotherapeutics for hypercholesterolaemia. These extracts could be consumed per se as hypocholesterolaemic supplements or could be ingredients of new spice-based therapeutic foods.

INFLUENCE OF DIETARY CHOLINE AND PROTEIN ON THE LEVEL OF PHOSPHOLIPID IN THE SERUM OF THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 845-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rosenfeld ◽  
Jessie M. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Serum Phospholipid ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Total Liver ◽  
Dietary Choline

Albino rats weighing 180–200 g. were fed diets containing 5, 9, and 19% protein. The influence of these diets, both with and without additional choline, on the level of serum phospholipid was measured and it was found that only in the presence of dietary choline, an increase of the protein content of the diet caused an elevation of the level of phospholipid in the serum. Measurement of the effect of the interval after feeding showed a significant decrease of serum phospholipid 16 hours after the removal of the choline-containing food. In choline deficiency no such effect was found. Measurement of the influence of duration of choline deficiency on the level of phospholipid in serum revealed an immediate fall to a lower level at the onset of the deficiency. This change was complete before a significant rise of the level of total liver lipids was apparent.

Effect of triglyceride and total cholesterol levels on the pharmacokinetics of clozapine in clozapine medicated patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Schoretsanitis ◽  
S Lammertz ◽  
C Hiemke ◽  
G Janssen ◽  
G Gründer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels
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