THE DETERMINATION OF THE AVAILABLE CALORIC CONTENT OF RAPESEED OIL BY RAT GROWTH

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Middleton ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rat Growth

The available metabolic energy of rapeseed oil, semihydrogenated rapeseed oil, and corn oil was measured in terms of 7-day body-weight gains of weanling rats fed a calorically restricted diet. Standard bio-assay procedures were used with lard as a reference standard. The oils were fed at three levels equivalent to 5, 9, and 17% of the diet by weight. Growth responses to the three oils and to lard were similar and the calculated caloric content of the oils showed no significant difference from that of lard. A 1 week assay was as precise as a 5 week assay.

THE DETERMINATION OF THE AVAILABLE CALORIC CONTENT OF RAPESEED OIL BY RAT GROWTH

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Middleton ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rat Growth

The available metabolic energy of rapeseed oil, semihydrogenated rapeseed oil, and corn oil was measured in terms of 7-day body-weight gains of weanling rats fed a calorically restricted diet. Standard bio-assay procedures were used with lard as a reference standard. The oils were fed at three levels equivalent to 5, 9, and 17% of the diet by weight. Growth responses to the three oils and to lard were similar and the calculated caloric content of the oils showed no significant difference from that of lard. A 1 week assay was as precise as a 5 week assay.

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RAPESEED OIL ON WEIGHT GAIN, AND OF GOLDEN RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION, OF THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1191-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Reproduction Study

Rapeseed oil of the Polish, Golden, or Swedish varieties, corn oil, or mixtures of corn oil and ethyl erucate were fed to weanling rats of the Wistar strain for 9 weeks. Weight gains were inversely related to the content of erucic acid in the diet, confirming previous indications that the growth retarding effect of rapeseed oil is due to its erucic acid. In general, the differences in weight gains could be explained by the effect of rapeseed oil on food consumption.Golden rapeseed oil and corn oil were compared in a reproduction study involving three litters of one generation. Although the young of rats fed rapeseed oil were of lesser weanling weight, there was no difference in the number of animals successfully weaned.

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RAPESEED OIL ON WEIGHT GAIN, AND OF GOLDEN RAPESEED OIL ON REPRODUCTION, OF THE RAT

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1191-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
E. R. W. Gregory ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Reproduction Study

Rapeseed oil of the Polish, Golden, or Swedish varieties, corn oil, or mixtures of corn oil and ethyl erucate were fed to weanling rats of the Wistar strain for 9 weeks. Weight gains were inversely related to the content of erucic acid in the diet, confirming previous indications that the growth retarding effect of rapeseed oil is due to its erucic acid. In general, the differences in weight gains could be explained by the effect of rapeseed oil on food consumption.Golden rapeseed oil and corn oil were compared in a reproduction study involving three litters of one generation. Although the young of rats fed rapeseed oil were of lesser weanling weight, there was no difference in the number of animals successfully weaned.

Effects of Adaptive and Nonadaptive Feeding of Hydrogenated and Raw Herring Oil on Hearts and Livers of Weanling Rats

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1793-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Odense ◽  
H. Brockerhoff
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Cardiac Lesions

It has been reported that the feeding of high levels of rapeseed oil to weanling rats leads to the eventual appearance of cardiac lesions. Marine oils have come under suspicion since most of them contain lesser amounts of the long-chain (C20 and C22) monounsaturated acids found in rapeseed oil. Weanling rats, male and female, were given diets containing 18% hydrogenated or raw herring oil for 24 days. Two other groups were adapted gradually to these diets during an initial period of 12 days. Control groups were kept on diets containing corn oil and lard. Histological investigations of the hearts failed to produce any evidence of unusual fat deposition or cardiac damage in any of the rats, either control or experimental. The possibility that a more prolonged feeding of the oil could lead to lesions cannot be excluded. Liver weights, when expressed as fractions of the body weights, were slightly, though significantly, higher (13–27%) in all groups fed with raw or hydrogenated herring oil, but histological examination failed to disclose any difference between these livers and those of the control groups. The experiments indicate that herring oil, raw or hydrogenated, when fed to weanling rats for 24 days, produced no untoward histological changes in the heart or liver tissues.

EFFECTS OF VARYING PROPORTIONS OF DIETARY RAPESEED OIL ON THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1225-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Lipid Excretion

Rapeseed oil, corn oil, and mixtures of the two oils containing 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80% rapeseed oil were fed to weanling rats at levels of 10 and 20% by weight of the purified diet. A significant decrease in body weight gains and in food consumptions occurred with the two highest levels of rapeseed oil, that is, 16 and 20% by weight of the total diet. At the same levels there was an increased lipid excretion. Corn oil and rapeseed oil which had been heated to 200 °C. for 120 hours produced no changes in weight gains when fed at the 10% level, but exhibited some growth-retarding effects at the 20% level. At both levels heated corn oil and rapeseed oil increased the liver weight of male rats.

RESPONSES OF TWO STRAINS OF RATS TO RAPESEED OIL AND CORN OIL

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Oil

Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats were compared in their response to 20% rapeseed oil or corn oil in a basal diet of ground fox cubes. Apparent coefficients of digestibility were significantly lower for rapeseed oil than for corn oil in the Sprague–Dawley, but not in the Wistar rats. After 6 weeks the adrenals of Sprague–Dawley rats were larger in the animals fed rapeseed oil than in those fed corn oil, while the adrenals of Wistar rats were not influenced by the dietary oil. These strain differences explain some discrepancies appearing in the literature concerning the effects of rapeseed oil in the rat.In another experiment, Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats deprived of vitamin A for 18 days were fed a purified basal diet with 20% rapeseed oil or corn oil and dosed with 75 or 150 I.U. of vitamin A per day. After 14 days there was no significant effect of the strain of rat or the type of dietary oil on the liver storage of vitamin A. The rate of depletion of vitamin A from the liver following a single dose of 1200 I.U. of vitamin A was also studied and indicated no significant difference attributable to the dietary oils.

RESPONSES OF TWO STRAINS OF RATS TO RAPESEED OIL AND CORN OIL

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Oil

Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats were compared in their response to 20% rapeseed oil or corn oil in a basal diet of ground fox cubes. Apparent coefficients of digestibility were significantly lower for rapeseed oil than for corn oil in the Sprague–Dawley, but not in the Wistar rats. After 6 weeks the adrenals of Sprague–Dawley rats were larger in the animals fed rapeseed oil than in those fed corn oil, while the adrenals of Wistar rats were not influenced by the dietary oil. These strain differences explain some discrepancies appearing in the literature concerning the effects of rapeseed oil in the rat.In another experiment, Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats deprived of vitamin A for 18 days were fed a purified basal diet with 20% rapeseed oil or corn oil and dosed with 75 or 150 I.U. of vitamin A per day. After 14 days there was no significant effect of the strain of rat or the type of dietary oil on the liver storage of vitamin A. The rate of depletion of vitamin A from the liver following a single dose of 1200 I.U. of vitamin A was also studied and indicated no significant difference attributable to the dietary oils.

EFFECTS OF VARYING PROPORTIONS OF DIETARY RAPESEED OIL ON THE RAT

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1225-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce L. Beare ◽  
T. K. Murray ◽  
J. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Lipid Excretion

Rapeseed oil, corn oil, and mixtures of the two oils containing 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80% rapeseed oil were fed to weanling rats at levels of 10 and 20% by weight of the purified diet. A significant decrease in body weight gains and in food consumptions occurred with the two highest levels of rapeseed oil, that is, 16 and 20% by weight of the total diet. At the same levels there was an increased lipid excretion. Corn oil and rapeseed oil which had been heated to 200 °C. for 120 hours produced no changes in weight gains when fed at the 10% level, but exhibited some growth-retarding effects at the 20% level. At both levels heated corn oil and rapeseed oil increased the liver weight of male rats.

Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 772-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Albrecht ◽  
Matthias Kotzsch ◽  
Gabriele Siegert ◽  
Thomas Luther ◽  
Heinz Großmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

Improvement Of Curvilinear Diagrams Of Concrete Deformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Deformation Diagrams

Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.

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