Aboveground biomass distribution within trees and stands in thinned and fertilized Douglas-fir

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Barclay ◽  
P. C. Pang ◽  
D. F. W. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Wood Bark

Nine years after thinning (removal of 2/3 of the basal area) and fertilization (at 448 kg N ha−1, applied as urea), 34-year-old Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were destructively sampled. The dry weights of seven aboveground components were determined and regression equations from dbh were developed. Differences among treatments were shown for all biomass components and the proportions of the total biomass allocated to the various components. Specifically, thinning decreased the proportion of biomass allotted to wood, bark, and dead branches, while increasing the proportions in foliage and live branches; fertilization increased the proportion of biomass in branches, but had negligible effects on the proportions of other components.

Distribution and increment of biomass in adjacent young Douglas-fir stands with different early growth rates

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 722-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Espinosa Bancalari ◽  
David A. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Biomass Increment ◽  
Anaerobic Soils

Total biomass increments were determined for three adjacent 22-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations in the Oregon Coast Range that had widely different early growth rates. Estimated total aboveground biomass of the stands, designated slow, intermediate, and fast, was 98.7, 148.7, and 203.7 Mg•ha−1, respectively; estimated mean biomass increment in the 5 years previous to sampling was 8.9, 12.6, and 12.3 Mg•ha−1•year−1. The slow stand had a greater proportion of aboveground biomass in branches and a smaller proportion in stem wood than the intermediate and fast stands. Differences in biomass increment were primarily due to stem rather than crown growth. Total below ground biomass was highest in the fast stand, the difference being due to roots >5 mm in diameter; weight of roots <5 mm was greater in the slow and intermediate stands. Roots >5 mm comprised about 77% of the total root system in those stands and 90% in the fast stand. Increment of roots >5 mm was 2.2, 2.5, and 3.0 Mg•ha−1•year−1 in the slow, intermediate, and fast stands. The ratio of productivity to total leaf nitrogen suggests that nitrogen is a principal limiting resource in the intermediate stand. The fast stand, with a leaf area index 50% greater than the others, is probably limited by light. The slow stand has anaerobic soils during at least part of the year, which may restrict rooting depth and thereby induce water stress during summer drought.

Biomass and nutrient element dynamics in Douglas-fir: effects of thinning and nitrogen fertilization over 18 years

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Mitchell ◽  
H.J. Barclay ◽  
H. Brix ◽  
D.F.W. Pollard ◽  
R. Benton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Net Primary Production ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Second Period

The effects of thinning (two-thirds of basal area removed) and N fertilization (448 kg N/ha as urea) on biomass and nutrition of a 24-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stand at Shawnigan Lake were studied over 18 years. At years 0, 9, and 18 after treatments, the aboveground biomass and N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents of stemwood, stem bark, foliage, and dead and live branches were determined (kg/ha), and increments in these properties (kg•ha−1•year−1) were calculated for the 0–9 and 9–18 year periods. Foliar biomass was increased by both treatments during the first period and also by thinning in the second period. Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) per unit of foliage biomass (foliage efficiency) was increased by treatments in the 0–9 year period. The combined effects of increased foliage mass and foliage efficiency resulted in increased total biomass production. Thinning and fertilization increased the uptake of all elements except for P with fertilization. This increase may have contributed to the long-term increase in stem growth. Retranslocation of elements before foliage shedding was important for tree nutrition, but was not improved by fertilization during the 9–18 year measurement period. The efficiency of N use in dry matter production (ANPP/unit of N uptake) was decreased by fertilization. This implied that poor sites would respond better to fertilization than rich sites.

scholarly journals ALLOMETRIC MODELS FOR ESTIMATING ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS AND BIOMASS ALLOCATION OF CAPIXINGUI TREES (Croton floribundus Spreng.) IN AN AGRISILVICULTURAL SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luiza Franceschi Nicodemo ◽  
Marcelo Dias Muller ◽  
Antônio Aparecido Carpanezzi ◽  
Vanderley Porfírio-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Residual Distribution ◽  
Allometric Models ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Bole Biomass

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to select allometric models to estimate total and pooled aboveground biomass of 4.5-year-old capixingui trees established in an agrisilvicultural system. Aboveground biomass distribution of capixingui was also evaluated. Single- (diameter at breast height [DBH] or crown diameter or stem diameter as the independent variable) and double-entry (DBH or crown diameter or stem diameter and total height as independent variables) models were studied. The estimated total biomass was 17.3 t.ha-1, corresponding to 86.6 kg per tree. All models showed a good fit to the data (R2ad > 0.85) for bole, branches, and total biomass. DBH-based models presented the best residual distribution. Model lnW = b0 + b1* lnDBH can be recommended for aboveground biomass estimation. Lower coefficients were obtained for leaves (R2ad > 82%). Biomass distribution followed the order: bole>branches>leaves. Bole biomass percentage decreased with increasing DBH of the trees, whereas branch biomass increased.

Black Spruce Fuel Weights and Biomass in Two Interior Alaska Stands

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Barney ◽  
Keith Van Cleve
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Distribution ◽  
Dead Tree ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Moss Layer

This study reports the fuel weight and biomass distribution in a 51-year-old lowland and a 55-year-old upland black spruce (Piceamariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) stand in interior Alaska. Biomass distribution is shown for overstory, standing and down dead tree components, herbaceous understory, and the moss layer. The lowland stand contained over 11000 stems/acre (27170 stems/ha) and 82 ft2 of basal area per acre (18.8 m2 of basal area per hectare), and the upland stand contained 6000 stems/acre (14820 stems/ha) and 96 ft2 of basal area per acre (22.0 m2 of basal area per hectare). Moss layers contributed 54.6 and 45.5 t/acre (120.1 and 100.1 metric t/ha) to biomass totals in the lowland and upland sites, respectively. Total biomass was 64.7 t/acre (142.3 metric t/ha) in the lowland site and 58.0 t/acre (127.6 metric t/ha) in the upland site.

Aboveground Biomass of an Invasive Tree Melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquenervia) before and after Herbivory by Adventive and Introduced Natural Enemies: A Temporal Case Study in Florida

Weed Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min B. Rayamajhi ◽  
Paul D. Pratt ◽  
Ted D. Center ◽  
Philip W. Tipping ◽  
Thai K. Van
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
Invasive Tree ◽  
Seed Biomass ◽  
Biomass Components

Invasive plants can respond to injury from natural enemies by altering the quantity and distribution of biomass among woody materials, foliage, fruits, and seeds. Melaleuca, an Australian tree that has naturalized in south Florida, has been reunited with two natural enemies: a weevil introduced during 1997 and a psyllid introduced during 2002. We hypothesized that herbivory from these and other adventive organisms (lobate-lac scale and a leaf-rust fungus) would alter the distribution and allocation of biomass on melaleuca trees. This hypothesis was tested by temporally assessing changes in aboveground biomass components in conjunction with the presence of natural enemies and their damage to melaleuca trees. Melaleuca trees of different diameters representing the range (1 to 33 cm diam at 1.3 m height) within study sites were harvested during 1996, prior to the introduction of herbivorous insects, and again during 2003 after extensive tree damage had become apparent. Aboveground biomass, partitioned into several components (woody structures, foliage, fruits, and seeds), was quantified both times in Broward, Miami–Dade, and Palm Beach county sites located in south Florida. The two harvests within each site were performed in closely-matched melaleuca stands, and changes in biomass components were compared between years. Total biomass and woody portions decreased in Broward, whereas they increased in Miami–Dade and Palm Beach sites. Reductions in foliage (on all trees) and seed biomass (among seed-bearing trees) were greatest at Broward and least at Miami–Dade County site. Hence, overall seed and foliage production was severely reduced at the Broward site where both the natural enemy incidence and damage were more abundant compared to other sites. We therefore attribute the reduced foliar biomass and reproductive capability of melaleuca trees to infestations of natural enemies. These findings highlight the role that natural enemies can play in the long-term management of invasive tree species.

CONTRIBUTION OF AGROFORESTS IN ADAPTATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS: ESTIMATING THE PHYTODIVERSITY AND C SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL IN 8-, 16- AND 24-YEAR-OLD OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS AGROFORESTS IN NORTHERN CAMEROON (TROPICAL AFRICA)

2021 ◽  
pp. 2050010
Author(s):  
V. NOIHA NOUMI ◽  
P. KOUAM KAMNING ◽  
C. KAMDOUM DEMGUIA ◽  
L. ZAPFACK
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Sequestration Potential

The study aims at assessing the agrobiodiversity and carbon stocks by the pine agroforests in the Sudano-Guinean zone of Cameroon. Five [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m sampling transects were established in each chronosequence, it was undertaken to assess the growth characteristics and biomass. Estimates of stocks of carbon in aboveground biomass, belowground biomass (BGB), total biomass (TB) and CO2 equivalent stock were incorporated in allometric equation based on nondestructive method. A total of 24 species from 23 genera and 17 families were inventoried. Annona senegalensis, Syzygium guineensis and Hymenocardia acida contributed the most to the importance value index (IVI). Density ranged between [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] stems/ha; basal area between [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2/ha; Shannon index between [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] with the highest value for 8-year-old stands; Pielou’s evenness between [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] with the lowest value in 24-year-old stands. Aboveground biomass ranged between [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] Mg C/ha with the highest value in 16-year-old stands; belowground carbon from [Formula: see text] Mg C/ha to [Formula: see text] Mg C/ha and total carbon from [Formula: see text] Mg C/ha to [Formula: see text] Mg C/ha. The sequestration potential ranged from [Formula: see text] Mg CO[Formula: see text]/ha to [Formula: see text] Mg CO[Formula: see text]/ha. The sequestration rates were 84.77, 49.7 and 28.6 Mg CO[Formula: see text].ha[Formula: see text]yr[Formula: see text] in 8-, 16- and 24-year-old stands, respectively. Although our data reported that pine stands hosted a few number of species; they are true carbon sinks and useful to the REED[Formula: see text] community.

Biomass and Leaf-Area Estimates for Varnishleaf Ceanothus, Deerbrush, and Whiteleaf Manzanita

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Hughes ◽  
Christopher R. Latt ◽  
John C. Tappeiner ◽  
Michael Newton
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract To help foresters assess site occupancy of seed-established stands of varnishleaf (Ceanothus velutinus var. laevigatus) deerbrush (Ceanothus integerrimus), and whiteleaf manzanita (Arctostaphylos viscida), we developed equations for estimating their aboveground biomass and leaf area. From 9 to 14 pure stands from 2 to 20 years old were selected for each species in southwest Oregon and northern California. Individual stems of Ceanothus species and whole bushes of manzanita were destructively sampled Regression equations for leaf and total biomass of manzanita plants and for stems of Ceanothus sp. showed that these variables were highly correlated with trunk or stem diameter (r² = 0.85 - 0.99). Total biomass, leaf biomass, and leaf area index (LAI) of stands can be estimated accurately from measurements of stem or trunk basal area (r² = 0.87 - 0.99). Stand age (yr) and average stem length (cm) are also reliable estimators (r² = 0.74 - 0.82). It appears that stands of varnishleaf attain a maximum LAI of 5.5 m²/m² by 7 years, whereas the maximum values for deer-brush and manzanita were 2.8 and 3.5, respectively, at about 15 years. Stands of all three species apparently continue to produce net biomass well beyond 16 years of age. West. J. Appl. For. 2(4):124-128, October 1987.

Biomass and net annual primary production regressions for Populusgrandidentata on three sites in northern lower Michigan

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg J. Koerper ◽  
Curtis J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Poor Site

Dimension analysis techniques were used in the harvest of 31 largetooth aspen (Populusgrandidentata Michx.) from three mature stands (55 ± 7 years) representing a wide range of soil quality and clonal variation among aspen in northern lower Michigan, U.S.A. Regression equations were derived to predict component biomass and net annual production from tree dbh. Evaluation by analysis of covariance indicated significant differences (P < 0.05) in regression models among the sites.Total aboveground biomass of P. grandidentata was 171 565, 128 765, and 38 530 kg/ha at the good, intermediate, and poor soil sites where largetooth aspen constituted 81.5, 79.0, and 48.3% of the stand basal area, respectively. Corresponding aboveground net annual production values were 11 038, 7259, and 2925 kg/ha. Component percentages of total biomass were generally similar among sites, except for leaves. Variations in production percentages showed a production per unit leaf weight gradient parallel to the site quality gradient (i.e., poor site production per unit leaf weight was 33% less than the good site value). The errors inherent in the substitution of regressions derived from data from other sites were examined. Total biomass estimates ranged from −27 to +40% of accepted values. Errors for individual components ranged from −33 to +51%. Total aboveground biomass estimates from regressions for the combined data from all sites were acceptable within a standard error of the mean on the good and intermediate sites and with an allowance of 19% error on the poor site.

scholarly journals Nutrients in the aboveground biomass of substitute tree species stand with respect to thinning – blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
M. Slodičák ◽  
J. Novák
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Game Management ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Blue Spruce ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Biomass Quantification

The present paper is the first contribution from the biomass quantification series which is realized by Forestry and Game Management Research Institute in the Krušné hory Mts. (Northern Bohemia). This study is aimed at blue spruce substitute stands. Research was done within the blue spruce experiment Fláje II in the Krušné hory Mts. (800 m above sea level in the spruce forest vegetation zone, acidic category). Results showed that the aboveground biomass of the investigated substitute blue spruce stand without thinning amounted to approximately 56 thousand kg of dry matter per ha at the age of 22 years. Wood and bark of branches are the most important parts of the aboveground biomass (ca 40%). Needles and stem wood accounted for approximately 26 and 28% and stem bark only for 6%. At the age of 22 years, the investigated substitute blue spruce stand accumulated: N – 336 kg, P – 28 kg, K – 138 kg, Ca – 159 kg, Mg – 28 kg per hectare. Thinning with the consequent removal of aboveground biomass (54% of trees, 40% of basal area at the age of 16 years) represented a loss of ca 8.7 thousand kg/ha of total biomass, which contained 53 kg of N, 5 kg of P, 22 kg of K, 26 kg of Ca and 4 kg of Mg. The removal of biomass in areas previously degraded by acid deposition may result in the deficiency of Ca and Mg because of their low content in forest soil. On the other hand, thinning supported the faster growth of trees left after thinning and consequently faster biomass and nutrient accumulation.

Additivity of component biomass regression equations when the underlying model is linear

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon S. Chiyenda ◽  
Antal Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Additivity Problem ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Inference Problems ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Additivity Theory ◽  
Individual Trees

Results obtained by Kozak (A. Kozak. 1970. For. Chron. 46(5): 402–404.) concerning conditions for additivity of component biomass regression equations are formalized and extended. More specifically Kozak demonstrated, using multiple linear regression equations to model three biomass components (bole, bark, and crown) for individual trees, that corresponding total biomass can be determined as the sum of the component regression equations, provided that the same independent variables are used in each component equation. Clearly, Kozak's result can be extended to the case of k (≥2) component equations and we use this case to give more general conditions for the additivity problem. Results are also given for the estimation and inference problems associated with fitting the total biomass model using the additivity result. Additionally, by using the principle of fitting subject to constraints or what has been termed "conditional fitting," it is demonstrated in this paper that additivity of the component equations can be assured even when different independent variables are used in different component equations subject to certain assumptions being met. This principle is then used to generalize the additivity of component regression equations problem and, finally, an example is given to illustrate the application of this generalized additivity theory.

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