THE EFFECT OF THE LIVER ON PLASMA CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN THE RAT

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tinoco ◽  
R. L. Lyman ◽  
Ruth Okey
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns

Blood samples were taken from the femoral and hepatic veins of the same rat. The blood from the hepatic vein had a higher concentration of glucose than blood from the femoral vein. Plasma from the femoral vein always had a higher level of cholesteryl esters than plasma from the hepatic vein, indicating that the liver was absorbing cholesteryl esters. Fatty acid patterns were determined for plasma cholesteryl esters, triglycerides, and phospholipids; there was little difference in pattern between samples taken from the hepatic vein and samples from the femoral vein.

Metabolism of Unesterified Fatty Acids (UFA) in Normal Dogs

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Roheim ◽  
John J. Spitzer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Abdominal Region

The source and disappearance of plasma UFA were studied in normal dogs by simultaneous lipid determinations in blood samples from the femoral artery, femoral vein, portal vein and hepatic vein. Marked and consistent veno-arterial and frequent portal vein-arterial differences were found indicating UFA liberation in the leg and in the abdominal region, due to either lipolysis or mobilization from fat depots. Differences between UFA content of the portal and hepatic veins and of the portal vein and femoral artery were also consistent, showing uptake of UFA by the liver. The abdominal region also took up UFA frequently as indicated by arterial-portal differences. Similar changes were not detectable in triglycerides, total and free cholesterols and phospholipids.

scholarly journals Transhepatic Tunneled Catheter Using Left Hepatic Vein: The Last Resort for Dialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954762110663
Author(s):  
Masa Abaza ◽  
Sloan E Almehmi ◽  
Ammar Almehmi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Dialysis Therapy ◽  
Left Hepatic Vein ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
The Right

Vascular access is the Achilles tendon of hemodialysis and is considered the lifeline for patients with end stage renal disease. Arteriovenous fistulas and grafts are the preferred traditional access for performing dialysis therapy. However, some patients exhaust the traditional routes of dialysis vascular access for different reasons. In search for alternatives, other unusual vascular routes have been explored, such as transhepatic and translumbar approaches, as the last resort to preserve life in this unfortunate population. Here, we present the unusual case of a 66-year-old female who ran out of the traditional vascular access options and became catheter dependent via the right femoral vein. However, due to recurrent femoral catheter infections, extensive skin calciphylactic lesions and her body habitus, other routes were explored and the decision was to use the transhepatic approach. Traditionally, the right and middle hepatic veins are used to insert these catheters. However, the use of the left hepatic vein was not reported in the literature. Hence, in order to avoid the skin lesions seen in our patient, the dialysis catheter was inserted using the left hepatic vein. Overall, this case highlights the challenges of securing a reliable vascular access to perform dialysis therapy and brings attention to other vascular dialysis routes in certain clinical scenarios.

Effects of Linolenic Acid Deficiency on the Fatty Acid Patterns in Plasma and Liver Cholesteryl Esters, Triglycerides and Phospholipids in Female Rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 1497-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tinoco ◽  
G. Endemann ◽  
I. Hincenbergs ◽  
B. Medwadowski ◽  
P. Miljanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns

scholarly journals Modulation of plasma and tissue cholesterol and fatty acid composition by feeding flax and canola seeds and oils to rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sim ◽  
E. Nwokolo ◽  
Z. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Flax Seed ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Flax Oil ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Tissue Lipids

Intact full-fat oil seeds might be more resistant to oxidation than extracted and refined oils and might therefore be used as sources of dietary fat. The present study was conducted to examine and compare the influence of feeding full-fat flax and canola seeds and oils on the plasma and tissue lipids of the rat. Male weanling Sprague Dawley rats (n = 4) were housed individually in metabolic cages and fed isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing full-fat flax (FFF), flax meal + flax oil (FO), full-fat canola (FFC), canola meal + canola oil (CO), and soybean meal + animal tallow (AT). After 6 wk of feeding, plasma cholesterol levels were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in rats fed flax diets (FF and FO) but not in those fed canola diets (FFC and CO). Liver cholesterol levels were not affected by dietary treatment. The highest levels of α-linolenic acid (LNA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were recorded in the plasma, liver, heart and epididymal fat of rats fed the flax-containing diets. Intermediate levels of LNA and EPA in plasma and tissues were found in rats fed canola-containing diets. Rats fed flax diets had less arachidonic acid (AA) in plasma, liver, and heart tissues than those fed control and canola diets, indicating inhibition of AA synthesis by high dietary LNA provided by full-fat flax seed and flax oil. These results demonstrated that full-fat flax and canola seeds could be used as sources of dietary LNA to modify plasma and tissue lipids. Key words: Flax seed, canola seed, cholesterol, fatty acid, rat

scholarly journals IndustrialTransFatty Acid and Serum Cholesterol: The Allowable Dietary Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takeuchi ◽  
Michihiro Sugano
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Transfatty acid (TFA) from partially hydrogenated oil is regarded as the worst dietary fatty acid per gram due to its role in coronary heart disease. TFA consumption is decreasing worldwide, but some but not all observational studies indicate that TFA intake has little relevance to serum cholesterol levels in populations with low TFA intake (<1%E[percentage of total energy intake], <approximately 2 g/day). Few intervention trials examined the effect of TFAs on blood cholesterol at relatively low levels (<2%E); no definite evidence is available on the tolerable upper level of the intake. A series of our intervention studies in Japanese suggested that an industrial TFA intake at <1%Edoes not influence the serum cholesterol level. To establish allowable level, we must consider not only the dietary level of TFAs, but also the composition of dietary fats simultaneously consumed, that is, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. These fatty acids strengthen or counteract the adverse effect of TFAs on serum cholesterol levels. In this review we describe the complex situation of the cardiovascular effects of industrial TFAs. The relationship between dietary industrial TFAs and concentration of plasma cholesterol should be evaluated from the viewpoint of dietary patterns rather than TFAs alone.　

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acid Enriched Chevon (Goat Meat) Lowers Plasma Cholesterol Levels and Alters Gene Expressions in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Mohamed Ali Rajion ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Abdoreza Soleimani Farjam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Palm Frond

In this study, control chevon (goat meat) and omega-3 fatty acid enriched chevon were obtained from goats fed a 50% oil palm frond diet and commercial goat concentrate for 100 days, respectively. Goats fed the 50% oil palm frond diet contained high amounts ofα-linolenic acid (ALA) in their meat compared to goats fed the control diet. The chevon was then used to prepare two types of pellets (control or enriched chevon) that were then fed to twenty-male-four-month-oldSprague-Dawleyrats (n=10in each group) for 12 weeks to evaluate their effects on plasma cholesterol levels, tissue fatty acids, and gene expression. There was a significant increase in ALA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the muscle tissues and liver of the rats fed the enriched chevon compared with the control group. Plasma cholesterol also decreased (P<0.05) in rats fed the enriched chevon compared to the control group. The rat pellets containing enriched chevon significantly upregulated the key transcription factor PPAR-γand downregulated SREBP-1c expression relative to the control group. The results showed that the omega-3 fatty acid enriched chevon increased the omega-3 fatty acids in the rat tissues and altered PPAR-γand SREBP-1c genes expression.

Glycogenolytic effect of vasopressin in the canine liver

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley S. Bergen ◽  
Robert Sullivan ◽  
James G. Hilton ◽  
S. Waring Willis ◽  
Theodore B. Van Itallie
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hormone Administration ◽  
Glucose Flux ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Glycogenolytic Effect

The effect of synthetic vasopressin and oxytocin upon glucose flux across the liver was studied in fasted, unanesthetized dogs. Blood samples were obtained before and after hormone administration from portal and hepatic veins and aorta by means of catheters chronically implanted in these vessels. Responses to commercial Pitressin and Pitocin also were measured. Immediately following intraportal administration of 5–60 u of vasopressin (or Pitressin) an appreciable increment of glucose appeared in the hepatic vein, reaching a peak at 10 minutes and returning to base line levels within 30 minutes. During this time, glucose concentration in the portal vein failed to increase and in some instances decreased. Administration of 10–40 u of oxytocin (or Pitocin) failed to induce any change in hepatic vein glucose concentration.

Fatty acid patterns in triglycerides, diglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesteryl esters and phosphatidylcholine in serum from vegetarians and non-vegetarians

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-U. Melchert ◽  
N. Limsathayourat ◽  
H. Mihajlovic ◽  
J. Eichberg ◽  
W. Thefeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns

Omega-3 fatty acid application reduces yolk and plasma cholesterol levels in Japanese quails

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2590-2593 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Atakisi ◽  
O. Atakisi ◽  
H. Yaman ◽  
I. Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Japanese Quails
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