SOME EFFECTS OF MEDIUM COMPOSITION AND METABOLIC INTERMEDIATES ON BIOTIN INHIBITION IN A STRAIN OF RHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald H. Elkan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Rhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Organic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Culture Growth

Growth of Rhizobium japonicum No. 508 in a mineral salts – mannitol medium with 0.01 M NH4Cl and 0.2 g/l casein hydrolysate as nitrogen sources was inhibited by as little as 0.001 μg/l biotin. When 0.01 M NH4Cl and 0.2 g/l glutamic acid were the nitrogen sources, biotin inhibited growth at a concentration of 0.1 μg/l. Growth inhibition by biotin was observed in various defined media. When vitamin-free casein hydrolysate was the organic nitrogen source, there was slightly less inhibition. However, the degree of inhibition remained independent of the casein concentration. Additions of amino acids did not affect the inhibition. The effect was minimal when the organism was grown in medium containing undefined yeast extract even in the presence of added biotin. In such medium, growth was stimulated by the addition of avidin. When biotin was added to an actively growing culture, no inhibition occurred. If the biotin was removed from an inhibited culture, growth was reestablished. In media containing α-ketoglutarate, biotin did not inhibit growth of the organism, and with succinate, biotin was slightly stimulatory.

OPTIMIZATION OF BIOVANILLIN PRODUCTION OF LEMONGRASS LEAVES HYDROLYSATES THROUGH PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huszalina Hussin ◽  
Madihah Md Salleh ◽  
Chong Chun Siong ◽  
Muhammad Abu Naser ◽  
Suraini Abd- Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Molar Yield ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Organic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Inorganic And Organic Nitrogen

The recent study has demonstrated the effects of different nitrogen sources on vanillin production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Primary screening supported maximum biotransformation of ferulic acid (from lemongrass leaves hydrolysate) to vanillin by using ammonium chloride and yeast extract as inorganic and organic nitrogen source, respectively. With the 2-level factorial analysis, the optimum conditions of vanillin production from ferulic acid by P. chrysosporium was achieved at 0.192g/L with a molar yield of 24.5%.

Growth of the haploid and diploid phases of Physarum flavicomum in the same partially defined media

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 967-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry R. Henney Jr. ◽  
Mortaza Asgari ◽  
Mary R. Henney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Phase Cell ◽  
Shake Culture ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Stationary Culture ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Culture Growth

The haploid phase (myxamoebae-swarm cells) of the myxomycete Physarum flavicomum variety 1 grows readily in partially defined liquid media, which were developed for the culture of the diploid plasmodial phase. Cell yields of between 2 × 107 and 4 × 107 cells/ml are obtained in these media in aerobic shake culture. Growth rates are more rapid in shake culture than in stationary culture but growth does not occur in anaerobic conditions. The simpler of the two media contains salts, glucose, biotin, thiamine, hematin, and casein hydrolysate. Haploid cells consume about half as much oxygen per milligram protein per hour as the diploid microplasmodia growing in the same medium.

Germination of macroconidia and growth of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum in vitro

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 664-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Ayers ◽  
E. A. Barnett ◽  
P. B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Carbon Substrates ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Casamino Acids ◽  
Inorganic And Organic Nitrogen

Macroconidia of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum, a mycoparasite of Sclerotinia spp., were induced to germinte by aqueous and ethanolic extracts of sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor. Paper chromatography of sclerotial extracts indicated the presence of several amino acids and carbohydrates, chiefly glucose. Glucose was identified as the principal germination stimulant in ethanolic extracts. Glucose, fructose, mannose, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, trehalose, soluble starch, and glycerol at 0.1% (w/v) stimulated macroconidia to germinate in 3–6 days at 25 °C. Crude sclerotial extracts, and glucose combined with inorganic and organic nitrogen sources, supported germination of greater numbers of macroconidia than glucose alone. Yeast extract, Casaminc acids, peptone, and several carbon substrates alone did not support germination. Macroconidia germinated well (> 30%) over the range of pH 3–7; maximum germination (> 80%) occurred at pH 5.0–5.5. Mycelial growth in a glucose – Casamino acids - mineral salts medium was also greatest in the range of pH 5.0–5.5, but growth fell off sharply below pH 4.5 and above pH 6.0. The fungus grew slowly on several complex agar media adjusted to pH 5.5.

Synthesis of Thermostable Amylase Enzyme from Bacillus licheniformis and it's Optimization to Different Sources

2013 ◽  
Vol 760 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Anima Nanda ◽  
T. Sudhakar ◽  
B.K. Nayak ◽  
J. Prem Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Enzyme Productivity ◽  
Amylase Production ◽  
Organic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Thermostable Amylase

S: - Among the six isolated amylase producing strains,Bacillus licheniformis(B1), the thermostable strain was selected from the soil of a paddy field. Its enzyme productivity and activity were evaluated. The activity of enzyme was calculated as 27.77 IU/ml. Effects of various carbon and organic nitrogen sources, and C/N ratio on enzyme production were examined. Maximum α - amylase production was obtained in medium containing 1% starch. Fructose supported the maximum amylase production among all the sugar studied. Of the organic nitrogen sources tested, peptone was found to be the best organic nitrogen source for excess yield of the enzyme. The optimum C/N ratio was found to be 1:1. The α amylase exhibited activity at a wide pH and temperature range and activity were found to be optimal at pH 6 and 40 °C respectively. The molecular weight of α amylase was calculated by sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis and found to be around 29,000 Daltons.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen and carbon sources on the production of inulinase from strain Bacillus sp. SG113

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Simeon Gavrailov ◽  
Viara Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Abstract The effects of the carbon and nitrogen substrates on the growth of Bacillus sp. SG113 strain were studied. The use of organic nitrogen sources (peptone, beef extract, yeast extract, casein) leads to rapid cellular growth and the best results for the Bacillus strain were obtained with casein hydrolysate. From the inorganic nitrogen sources studied, the (NH4) 2SO4 proved to be the best nitrogen source. Casein hydrolysate and (NH4) 2SO4 stimulated the invertase synthesis. In the presence of Jerusalem artichoke, onion and garlic extracts as carbon sources the strain synthesized from 6 to 10 times more inulinase.

scholarly journals Design of a culture medium for optimal growth of the bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas indica H32 allowing its production as biopesticide and biofertilizer

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayana Morales-Borrell ◽  
Nemecio González-Fernández ◽  
Néstor Mora-González ◽  
Carlos Pérez-Heredia ◽  
Ana Campal-Espinosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

Abstract Culture medium composition is one of the most important parameters to analyze in biotechnological processes with industrial purposes. The aim of this study was to design of a culture medium for optimal growth of the bacterium Pseudoxanthomonas indica H32 allowing its production as biopesticide and biofertilizer. The influence of several carbon and nitrogen sources and their molar ratios on P. indica H32 growth was investigated. The effect of different micronutrients such as mineral salts and vitamin on P. indica H32 growth was determined as well. A mixture design based on Design-Expert 10.0 Software was performed to optimize the culture medium concentration. Finally, in the designed medium, an attribute of the biological mechanism of action of the P. indica H32 against nematodes, was evaluated: the hydrogen sulfide production. It was found that tested carbon/nitrogen ratios were not a significant influence on P. indica H32 growth. Growth of P. indica H32 was favored with use of sucrose, yeast extract and phosphate buffer without the addition of any tested micronutrients. An optimal concentration of 10 g/L sucrose and 5 g/L yeast extract were obtained at a cost of 0.10 $/L. In this concentration, the specific growth rate (µ) and maximal optical density (Xmax) were equal to 0.439 h− 1 and 8.00 respectively. It was evidenced that under the culture conditions used, P. indica H32 produced hydrogen sulfide. The designed medium led to a 1.08 $/L reduction of costs in comparison to LB medium. These results were critical to carry on with biotechnological development of P. indica H32 as a bioproduct.

scholarly journals Indirect somatic embryogenesis from transgenic immature leaf of safflower Carthamus tinctorius (Mohler, Roth, Schmidt & Boudreaux, 1967) (Asterales: Asteraceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
S. Pradeep Kumar ◽  
B. D. Ranjitha Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Plant Conversion ◽  
Immature Leaf ◽  
Indirect Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Reference Medium ◽  
Inorganic And Organic Nitrogen

Highly efficient protocol is developed for indirect somatic embryogenesis from transgenic immature leaf of safflower Carthamus tinctorius (Mohler, Roth, Schmidt & Boudreaux, 1967) (Asterales: Asteraceae) explants in solid culture. Here two different half strength mediums like MSG and EMM both were tested in addition to inorganic and organic nitrogen sources and also combination of the reference medium. Inorganic nitrogen source shows about 39.5 number of embryos with 37% embryo germination and organic Nitrogen source like L-glutamine (20 uM) on reference medium influenced 80.5 number of somatic embryos with 44.9% germination. However, maximum of 92.0 number of embryo induction with 52.5% germination was noticed on CH (casein hydrolysate) (1.5 mg/L) containing medium. Combination of inorganic and organic nitrogen sources like NH4NO3 (40 uM) in combinations with reduced form of organic nitrogen casein hydrolysate (CH) (1.5 mg/L) was found to be most suitable for induction of somatic embryos with a maximum of 117 number of somatic embryos with 60.9% germination in immature leaf explants. About 57% plant conversion rate showed in NARI-6 cultivar after 2 weeks of culture. However it showed maximum plant conversion rate about 68% with basal medium along with 1.5% sucrose supplemented with GA3 (1.5 uM) and spermidine (1.0 uM). Germinated embryos with shoot and root poles were isolated and subcultured on suitable root induction medium containing NAA (2.5 uM) + AgNO3 (1.5 uM) showed maximum rooting frequency of about 69.6%.

Growth of filamentous marine fungi in a continuous culture system

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 893-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Churchland ◽  
M. McClaren
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
Continuous System ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Organic Nitrogen Source ◽  
Continuous Culture System

A continuous culture system has been designed for the cultivation of certain species of marine fungi. Growth in this apparatus was compared with growth in batch culture. Growth of the three marine species tested (Zalerion maritimum, Humicola alopallonella, and Monodictys pelagica) was significantly higher in continuous culture than in batch culture.Growth of two isolates of Z. maritimum was compared on three inorganic nitrogen sources and one organic nitrogen source. Growth of the fungus in the continuous system differed both qualitatively and quantitatively from that in batch culture. Both isolates showed greater growth on the organic nitrogen source in the closed system. In the continuous system, growth was equivalent on all nitrogen sources.

Mutation of GOGAT prevents pea bacteroid formation and N2 fixation by globally downregulating transport of organic nitrogen sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mulley ◽  
J. P. White ◽  
R. Karunakaran ◽  
J. Prell ◽  
A. Bourdes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources
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