Evaluation of the effect of alien chromosomes on quantitative traits in common wheat

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Levy ◽  
D. Braun ◽  
M. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
The Common ◽  
Alien Addition Lines

Several quantitative traits were studied in Aegilops longissima addition lines and in tetrasomic lines of the common wheat cultivar Chinese Spring. The effects of gene dosage on these traits, which were highly significant and specific for each of the seven homoeologous groups, were more numerous and caused greater differences than the alien genetic effects. It is therefore suggested that in using alien addition lines for evaluating the effect of alien chromosomes on quantitative traits, the homoeologous tetrasomic lines should be used as a control. In comparison to the suggested approach, the use of substitution lines, which are much more difficult to obtain than addition lines, proved, in some cases, less accurate because of the inability of the alien chromosome to fully compensate for the missing homoeologous chromosome.Key words: addition lines, substitution lines, tetrasomes, Triticum aestivum, Aegilops longissima.

Gliadin gene location and C-banding identification of Aegilops longissima chromosomes added to wheat

Genome ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hueros ◽  
J. M. Gonzalez ◽  
J. C. Sanz ◽  
E. Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Gene Location ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
Gli 1 ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Gliadin Protein ◽  
Alien Addition Lines

Gliadin protein components from Aegilops longissima were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. No equivalents for α-gliadin were noted. Addition and substitution lines of Ae. longissima in Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' allowed the identification of homoeologous Gli-1 and Gli-2 loci in Ae. longissima chromosomes 1S1 and 6S1. The chromosomal constitution of the alien addition lines was ascertained by C-banding. In addition, C-banding analysis revealed that the Ae. longissima addition set was incomplete as only six distinct addition lines were identified. No evidence for structural modifications between the alien chromosomes in the lines and their Ae. longissima counterparts was found.Key words: gliadins, C-banding, gene location, Aegilops longissima, wheat.

The effect of substitution of chromosome 5S1 of Aegilops longissima for its wheat homoeologues on spike morphology and on several quantitative traits

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Millet ◽  
Y. Avivi ◽  
M. Zaccai ◽  
M. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Aegilops Longissima ◽  
Alien Genes ◽  
Group 5

Each pair of homoeologous group 5 chromosomes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Chinese Spring was replaced by the homoeologous pair 5S1 of Aegilops longissima. The resulting substitution lines were selected by the isozyme markers SKDH or TPI-2 as well as by the presence of 21 bivalents at meiosis. In lines lacking 5B, the alien chromosome could not compensate for the missing Ph1 allele, as was evident by multivalent formation at meiosis and by reduced fertility. In the absence of 5A, chromosome 5S1 not only failed to compensate for the occurrence of spike speltoidy but enhanced its expression. Chromosome 5S1 had a moderate dosage effect on reducing plant height and promoting earliness. When added to the genome of common wheat, this chromosome induced a considerable increase in grain weight, but it could not compensate for the absence of a pair of any of its homoeologues. Other yield components were negatively affected in both addition and substitution lines, as well as in other aneuploids. Grain protein percentage of the different lines was negatively related to their yield per spike. This rendered difficult the evaluation of genes for grain protein percentage. The implication of the obtained results on the use of alien genes for wheat improvement is discussed.Key words: substitution lines, wheat, Triticum aestivum, Aegilops longissima, alien chromosomes, quantitative traits.

A cytogenetic study of the blue-grain line of the common wheat cultivar Saratovskaya 29

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 785-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Arbuzova ◽  
E. D. Badaeva ◽  
T. T. Efremova ◽  
T. S. Osadchaya ◽  
N. V. Trubacheeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Cytogenetic Study ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Common

ANEUPLOID ANALYSIS OF A GENE FOR LEAF RUST RESISTANCE DERIVED FROM THE COMMON WHEAT CULTIVAR TERENZIO

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Dyck ◽  
E. R. Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Backcross Line ◽  
The Common ◽  
Aneuploid Analysis ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The LrT gene for resistance to leaf rust present in the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) backcross line RL 6049, and originally derived from the cultivar Terenzio, was shown to be on chromosome 4B. Farther analysis indicated that it is on the long arm of this chromosome, 2.9 ± 1.3 crossover units from the centromere. It is independent of or loosely linked with Sr7a, a gene for stem rust resistance known to be on the long arm of chromosome 4B. It is inherited independently of leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr3, Lr10, Lr14b, Lr16, Lr17 and Lr18. LrT has been redesignated Lr30.

CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Unrau ◽  
Clayton Person ◽  
John Kuspira
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Single Line ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Substitution Method ◽  
Reciprocal Translocations ◽  
Chromosome Substitutions

The procedures involved in the various phases of chromosome substitution in common wheat are briefly outlined and explained. Complications encountered with reciprocal translocations are clarified. The following subjects are discussed: development of chromosome-deficient series in other varieties, transfer of single chromosomes from donor varieties to chromosome-deficient lines to develop substitution lines, alien substitutions, and combination of two chromosome substitutions into a single line. There is a brief discussion of the value of the chromosome substitution method especially in the study of gene dosage and interaction as affecting certain characters.

scholarly journals Mutants at gliadin loci on the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kozub ◽  
I. A. Sozinov ◽  
H. Ya. Bidnyk ◽  
N. A. Demianova ◽  
O. I. Sozinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Common Wheat Cultivar ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sds Electrophoresis

Aim. The aim of this study was to isolate and propagate mutants at gliadin loci developed on the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1. Methods. We searched for spontaneous and gamma-irradiation induced mutations at gliadin loci among the progeny of F1 and F2 plants from crosses between near-isogenic lines by gliadin loci on the basis of the cultivar Bezostaya 1, including lines with the wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation. To identify mutations, we performed acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SDS-electrophoresis of storage proteins. Results. On the basis of the common wheat cultivar Bezostaya 1, five mutants (six mutations) at gliadin loci were isolated and propagated, four of which were described for the first time. Three mutations occurred at the Gli-R1 locus involved in the wheat-rye 1BL.1RS translocation (the loss of secalins, intensification of a secalin component, and increased mobility of a secalin component). Two mutations were identified in the allele Gli-B1b, one caused the null-allele at the Gli-A2 locus. Conclusions. The material of mutants is of importance for studying the role of certain groups of storage proteins and their components in quality determination, as well as mechanisms of regulation of storage protein synthesis. Keywords: Triticum aestivum, gliadin, secalin, mutation, 1BL.1RS translocation.

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