GENES FOR VERNALIZATION RESPONSE IN HOMOEOLOGOUS GROUP 5 OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Null Allele ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Group 5

The altered vernalization response of normal Chinese Spring caused by the three individually-substituted chromosomes of homoeologous group 5 of Hope in Chinese Spring was found to be controlled by a single gene on each chromosome. The alleles on chromosomes 5A and 5B of Hope are dominant to those on their respective homologues in Chinese Spring for lowered vernalization response, while that on Hope 5D is dominant to that on Chinese Spring 5D for increased vernalization response. The possibility has been discussed of the vernalization response locus on Hope 5D bearing a null allele or an allele with very little involvement in the vernalization process, in which case the strong vernalization response exhibited by Chinese Spring/Hope 5D could merely be a function of genes promoting vernalization response in the rest of the Chinese Spring genotype.

Relationships between floret size and grain weight in aneuploid lines of homoeologous group-5 chromosomes of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Chinese Spring

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eitan Millet
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Floral Organs ◽  
Chromosome 5A ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Volume Estimates

Various aneuploids of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Chinese Spring were used to study the dosage effect of group-5 chromosomes on spike morphology, size of floral organs, and grain weight. Reduced dosage resulted in smaller floral organs, smaller floret cavities, and lighter grains than in the euploid, while increased dosage had the opposite effects. Chromosome 5A was the most effective in inducing these changes, whereas in most cases 5B was the least effective. Based on the various lines studied, a high linear correlation was found between the weight of the basal grains in the central spikelets and the volume estimates of the florets in which they were developed. The different lines exhibited a considerable similarity between the size distribution of floral organs and the grain weight distribution in the main spike. Pleiotropic effects of genes located on group-5 chromosomes on size of floral organs and grain weight are suggested.Key words: Wheat, aneuploids, group-5 chromosomes.

Construction of comparative genetic maps of two 4Bs.4Bl-5Rl translocations in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 729-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Leach ◽  
I S Dundas ◽  
A Houben
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Translocation Breakpoints ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Wheat Lines

The physical length of the rye segment of a 4BS.4BL–5RL translocation derived from the Cornell Wheat Selection 82a1-2-4-7 in a Triticum aestivum 'Chinese Spring' background was measured using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and found to be 16% of the long arm. The size of this translocation was similar to previously published GISH measurements of another 4BS.4BL–5RL translocation in a Triticum aestivum 'Viking' wheat background. Molecular maps of both 4BS.4BL–5RL translocations for 2 different wheat backgrounds were developed using RFLP analysis. The locations of the translocation breakpoints of the 2 4BS.4BL–5RL translocations were similar even though they arose in different populations. This suggests a unique property of the region at or near the translocation breakpoint that could be associated with their similarity and spontaneous formation. These segments of rye chromosome 5 also contain a gene for copper efficiency that improves the wheat's ability to cope with low-copper soils. Genetic markers in these maps can also be used to screen for copper efficiency in bread wheat lines derived from the Cornell Wheat Selection 82a1 2-4-7.Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat–rye translocation, homoeologous group 4, homoeologous group 5, GISH, comparative map, copper efficiency, hairy peduncle.

scholarly journals CHROMOSOME CONSTITUTION IN CULTURED CALLUS CELLS FROM FOUR ANEUPLOID LINES OF THE HOMOEOLOGOUS GROUP 5 OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM

1975 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
HITOSHI ASAMI ◽  
TAKIKO SHIMADA ◽  
NOBUMICHI INOMATA ◽  
MASASUKE OKAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Constitution ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Group 5

Isolation and characterization of wheat–Elytrigia elongata chromosome 3E and 5E addition and substitution lines

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Tuleen ◽  
G. E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Chromosome Addition Lines ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5

Isozyme markers were used to develop Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring–Elytrigia elongata (= Agropyron elongatum, 2n = 14, genome E) disomic 3E and 5E addition lines. Subsequently, all possible lines containing 3E and 5E substituted for wheat homoeologues and several 3E and 5E ditelosomic addition and substitution lines were developed. Plants containing chromosome 3E substituted for wheat chromosomes of homoeologous group 3 are similar to 'Chinese Spring' in vigor and fertility while plants containing 3EL substituted for chromosomes of group 3 are less fertile than 'Chinese Spring'. This indicates that both arms of 3E are involved in sporophytic compensation. Plants containing chromosome 5E substituted for wheat chromosomes of homoeologous group 5 are as vigorous but less fertile than 'Chinese Spring'. 5EL (5A) and 5EL (5B) plants are lower in fertility than 5E (5A) and 5E (5B) plants, indicating that both arms of 5E are involved in sporophytic compensation. 5E (5D) and 5EL (5D) plants are similar in fertility. Male gametophytes in which 3E or 5E replaces a wheat homoeologue function at a lower rate than normal gametes.Key words: wheat, Triticum, Elytrigia elongata, alien chromosome addition lines.

Gene-for-gene interactions between the rye mildew fungus and wheat cultivars

Genome ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tosa
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Erysiphe Graminis ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Gene For Gene

Genetic mechanisms of the incompatibility between Erysiphe graminis f.sp. secalis and wheat cultivars were analyzed using F1 hybrids between E. graminis f.sp. secalis, Sk-1, and f.sp. tritici, Tk-1. The avirulence of Sk-1 on Triticum aestivum 'Norin 4', 'Chinese Spring', and 'Kokeshi-komugi' was controlled by a single gene. The resistance of the three cultivars to Sk-1 was also controlled by a single gene, Pm15, a gene for resistance to E. graminis f.sp. agropyri. Implications of these results were discussed in terms of host–parasite coevolution.Key words: powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis, resistance, wheat.

CYTOGENETICS OF SOLID STEM IN COMMON WHEAT: II. STEM SOLIDNESS OF MONOSOMIC LINES OF THE VARIETY S-615

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby I. Larson ◽  
M. D. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Stem Solidness ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Solid Stem ◽  
Group 5

Lines of a variety of common wheat, S-615, monosomic for chromosomes III and XVI of homoeologous group 3 had culms less solid in the top internode than normal S-615. Monosomics of homoeologous group 5, namely, V, IX, and XVIII, were less solid in the bottom four internodes than S-615. These five chromosomes carry genes for solid stem in this variety. Monosomics XIX, XX, and XXI, the D-genome chromosomes of homoeologous groups 6, 2, and 7 respectively, were more solid than the normal check in both top and lower internodes, indicating that the missing chromosomes carry genes for hollow stem. Chromosome XIII, a homoeologue of XX, which in Chinese Spring has a gene for hollow stem, does not affect the amount of pith in the culm of S-615.The concept of the culm phenotype in a given environment resulting from an interaction of genes promoting pith development and those opposing it makes it possible to reconcile results of genetic experiments on solid stem in wheat that previously appeared contradictory.

Control of Meiotic Chromosome Pairing by the Chromosomes of Homoeologous Group 5 of Triticum aestivum

Nature ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 212 (5069) ◽  
pp. 1475-1477 ◽  
Author(s):  
RALPH RILEY ◽  
VICTOR CHAPMAN ◽  
R. M. YOUNG ◽  
ANGELA M. BELFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Homoeologous Group ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Group 5
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