RADIATION-INDUCED MUTANTS OF DAHLBOMINUS FUSCIPENNIS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE)

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Baldwin ◽  
P. A. Knight ◽  
G. D. Chant
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Body Colour ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Small Head ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
New Mutations

Thirteen new mutations of D. fuscipennis are described, bringing the number of mutants described for this species to 25. All the mutations in the haploid males were recessive and arose from irradiation of unmated wild females. Of the 13 mutations, 2 affect eye pigment, 2 body colour and 9 produced morphological changes in the antennae, head, eyes, wings and abdomen. Three of the morphological abnormalities, small head, large eyes and stumpy abdomen did not segregate equally, probably due to lowered viability.

Mitigation of Radiation-induced Gastrointestinal System Injury using Resveratrol or Alpha-lipoic Acid: A Pilot Histopathological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-424
Author(s):  
Bagher Farhood ◽  
Gholamreza Hassanzadeh ◽  
Peyman Amini ◽  
Dheyauldeen Shabeeb ◽  
Ahmed Eleojo Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Pilot Investigation ◽  
Radiation Induced

Aim: In this study, we aimed to determine possible mitigation of radiationinduced toxicities in the duodenum, jejunum and colon using post-exposure treatment with resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid. Background: After the bone marrow, gastrointestinal system toxicity is the second critical cause of death following whole-body exposure to radiation. Its side effects reduce the quality of life of patients who have undergone radiotherapy. Resveratrol has an antioxidant effect and stimulates DNA damage responses (DDRs). Alpha-lipoic acid neutralizes free radicals via the recycling of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol. Objective: This study is a pilot investigation of the mitigation of enteritis using resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid following histopathological study. Methods: 60 male mice were randomly assigned to six groups; control, resveratrol treatment, alpha-lipoic acid treatment, whole-body irradiation, irradiation plus resveratrol, and irradiation plus alpha-lipoic acid. The mice were irradiated with a single dose of 7 Gy from a cobalt-60 gamma-ray source. Treatment with resveratrol or alpha-lipoic acid started 24 h after irradiation and continued for 4 weeks. All mice were sacrificed after 30 days for histopathological evaluation of radiation-induced toxicities in the duodenum, jejunum and colon. Results and Conclusion: Exposure to radiation caused mild to severe damages to vessels, goblet cells and villous. It also led to significant infiltration of macrophages and leukocytes, especially in the colon. Both resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid were able to mitigate morphological changes. However, they could not mitigate vascular injury. Conclusion: Resveratrol and alpha-lipoic acid could mitigate radiation-induced injuries in the small and large intestine. A comparison between these agents showed that resveratrol may be a more effective mitigator compared to alpha-lipoic acid.

scholarly journals The Effect of Probiotics for Preventing Radiation-Induced Morphological Changes in Intestinal Mucosa of Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongkan Ki ◽  
Wontaek Kim ◽  
Heunglae Cho ◽  
Kijung Ahn ◽  
Youngmin Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Radiation Induced

In vitro Technique for Selection of Radiation Induced Mutants of Tall Fescue

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Ki-Won Lee ◽  
Jin Young Moon ◽  
Hee Chung Ji ◽  
Gi Jun Choi ◽  
Ki-Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
In Vitro Technique ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals A comprehensive preclinical assessment of late-term imaging markers of radiation-induced brain injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien T Tang ◽  
Janice A Zawaski ◽  
Shelli R Kesler ◽  
Christine A Beamish ◽  
Wilburn E Reddick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Imaging Markers

Abstract Background Cranial radiotherapy (CRT) is an important part of brain tumor treatment, and although highly effective, survivors suffer from long-term cognitive side effects. In this study we aim to establish late-term imaging markers of CRT-induced brain injury and identify functional markers indicative of cognitive performance. Specifically, we aim to identify changes in executive function, brain metabolism, and neuronal organization. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were fractionally irradiated at 28 days of age to a total dose of 30 Gy to establish a radiation-induced brain injury model. Animals were trained at 3 months after CRT using the 5-choice serial reaction time task. At 12 months after CRT, animals were evaluated for cognitive and imaging changes, which included positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Cognitive deficit with signs of neuroinflammation were found at 12 months after CRT in irradiated animals. CRT resulted in significant volumetric changes in 38% of brain regions as well as overall decrease in brain volume and reduced gray matter volume. PET imaging showed higher brain glucose uptake in CRT animals. Using MRI, irradiated brains had an overall decrease in fractional anisotropy, lower global efficiency, increased transitivity, and altered regional connectivity. Cognitive measurements were found to be significantly correlated with six image features that included myelin integrity and local organization of the neural network. Conclusions These results demonstrate that CRT leads to late-term morphological changes, reorganization of neural connections, and metabolic dysfunction. The correlation between imaging markers and cognitive deficits can be used to assess late-term side effects of brain tumor treatment and evaluate efficacy of new interventions.

TREE GROWTH HABITS IN RADIATION-INDUCED MUTANTS OF McINTOSH APPLE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Lapins
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Tree Type

Four-year-old trees of 20 radiation-induced mutants of the McIntosh cultivar were compared for tree vigor and growth type. Wide variation in tree vigor was found among clones. In tree type, various degrees of compactness were recorded. Tree vigor and compactness of growth showed all possible combinations among the various clones, an indication that each character was affected independently by irradiation treatment.

Interaction of Alpha Particle Beams with Fe-Based and FeNi-Based Glassy Ferromagnets

1995 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Sorescu ◽  
D. Barb
Keyword(s):  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Particle Beam ◽  
Particle Beams ◽  
Magnetic Texture ◽  
Ferromagnetic Alloys ◽  
Sample Composition ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Amorphous Magnets

AbstractSamples of Fe78B13Si9 and Fe40Ni38Mo4B18 metallic glasses were irradiated with alpha particle beams (W=2.8 MeV) using radiation doses of 1016 and 1017 cm-2. Irradiation-induced effects on the magnetic texture and phase composition of alloy samples were studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Related morphological changes and resultant crystalline precipitates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The evolution of phases and microstructure during the radiation-induced amorphous-to-crystalline transformation was found to depend on the particle flux and sample composition. The lowest radiation dose employed was found to be more effective in inducing amorphous-to-crystalline transformations in both ferromagnetic alloys studied. In addition, the FeNi-based amorphous system investigated was found to be more stable than the Fe-based metallic glass, exposed to the same particle-beam irradiation conditions. By stimulating unconventional pathways for the crystallization process, the interaction of alpha particle beams with glassy ferromagnets offers unique opportunities to understand the fundamentals of nucleation and growth in amorphous magnets.

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