TREE GROWTH HABITS IN RADIATION-INDUCED MUTANTS OF McINTOSH APPLE

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Lapins
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Tree Type

Four-year-old trees of 20 radiation-induced mutants of the McIntosh cultivar were compared for tree vigor and growth type. Wide variation in tree vigor was found among clones. In tree type, various degrees of compactness were recorded. Tree vigor and compactness of growth showed all possible combinations among the various clones, an indication that each character was affected independently by irradiation treatment.

In vitro Technique for Selection of Radiation Induced Mutants of Tall Fescue

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Ki-Won Lee ◽  
Jin Young Moon ◽  
Hee Chung Ji ◽  
Gi Jun Choi ◽  
Ki-Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
In Vitro Technique ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Selection Of

Evaluation of a Gas Chromatographic Method to Identify Irradiated Chicken, Pork, and Beef by Detection of Volatile Hydrocarbons

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1202-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg A Schreiber ◽  
Grit Schulzki ◽  
Almuth Spiegelberg ◽  
Norbert Helle ◽  
Klaus W Bögl
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Volatile Hydrocarbons ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Fat Fraction ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Abstract A method suitable for routine application was used in an interlaboratory study to detect irradiation treatment of chicken carcass, pork, and beef. By using gas chromatographic analysis, 17 participating laboratories determined the quantity of 4 different radiation-induced volatile hydrocarbons (tetradecene, pentadecane, hexadecadiene, and neptadecene) in the fat fraction of coded specimens approximately 3 and 6 months after irradiation. The specimens of each type of meat were supplied by 2 different producers. The dose range tested (0.6-7.5 kGy) included levels commercially used to reduce the number of contaminating microorganisms (1-5 kGy). The method employed permitted a correct identification of irradiated or nonirradiated in 98.3% of the 864 specimens.

scholarly journals Effect of Cultivars and Field Traffic on the Fruiting Patterns of Virgina Type Peanuts1

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-105
Author(s):  
R. Walton Mozingo
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
New Production ◽  
Similar Position ◽  
Probability Field ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Peanut Cultivars ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Growth Habits

Abstract Knowledge of the fruiting patterns of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) is useful in determining the most feasible band widths for pesticides and other amendments, designing new peanut equipment and adapting new production practices for specific cultivars. The fruiting patterns and the effect of field traffic on these patterns were determined on five large-seeded Virginia type peanut cultivars with variant growth habits. Cultivars differed in fruiting patterns with the bunch growth type having a significantly higher percentage of their pods near the taproot than the runner types. The bunch types, NC 17 and NC-FLA 14 had 73.5 and 66.5% of their total fruit within a 13-cm wide section centered over the taproot whereas, the runners, VA 72R and Florigiant, and the intermediate type, NC 5, had 42.8, 45.5 and 45.3%, respectively, in a similar position. At the 0.05 level of probability, field traffic had no significant effect on the fruit distribution of the bunch cultivars, but NC 5, VA 72R and Florigiant (at 0.10 level) produced significantly less fruit on the side of the row subjected to field traffic during the fruiting season.

scholarly journals Spray-on-mulch Technology for Intensively Grown Irrigated Apple Orchards: Influence on Tree Establishment, Early Yields, and Soil Physical Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cline ◽  
Gerry Neilsen ◽  
Eugene Hogue ◽  
Shawn Kuchta ◽  
Denise Neilsen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Tree Establishment ◽  
Surface Stability ◽  
Control Tree ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Use of and interest in organic mulches for both integrated fruit production (IFP) and organic fruit production is increasing given recent efforts to reduce pesticide inputs and improve soil health. A series of four experiments was conducted in the southern interior of British Columbia over 5 years to investigate the use of a spray-on-mulch (SOM) slurry, comprised primarily of recycled waste newsprint fiber, as an effective method to control excessive weed competition and enhance tree establishment and performance. In four experiments, ‘Gala’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Ambrosia’, and ‘Honeycrisp’ apple (Malus ×domestica) trees on ‘Malling 9’ (‘M.9’) rootstock were exposed to a series of treatments including a glyphosate check, SOM waste paper, SOM over an organic underlay, SOM incorporated with dichlobenil or tackifier, SOM over black landscape fabric, rowcover cloth, or polyethylene plastic. SOM provided superior weed control in comparison with the glyphosate check treatment, a standard orchard practice in many modern orchards in North America. SOM application over compost, paper, and especially over cloth barriers were found to be more effective weed barriers than SOM alone. In comparison with glyphosate checks, SOM improved tree growth during tree establishment. Although the addition of dichlobenil provided season-long weed control, tree growth was diminished in comparison with SOM alone and remained similar to that of the glyphosate checks. There was little or no benefit of including a 2.5% tacking agent to help improve SOM integrity and long-term surface stability. When applied to bearing 4-year-old trees, SOM provided similar tree vigor as glyphosate checks over four growing seasons. The addition of landscape fabric, plastic, or cloth underlay material in combination with SOM improved tree vigor in formative years, but this benefit diminished over time. SOM-treated trees had greater cumulative yields over glyphosate checks after 3 years of production. SOM provided significant temperature moderation during the summer and winter months and provided moisture conservation during the summer. There were few SOM effects on plant nutrient status.

scholarly journals 1H NMR-Based Chemometrics to Gain Insights Into the Bran of Radiation-Induced Colored Wheat Mutant

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Seo Kil ◽  
Ah-Reum Han ◽  
Min-Jeong Hong ◽  
Jin-Baek Kim ◽  
Pil-Hoon Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analyses ◽  
High Polarity

Recently, wheat has attracted attention as a functional food, rather than a simple dietary energy source. Accordingly, whole-grain intake increases with an understanding of bioactive phytochemicals in bran. The development of colored wheat has drawn more attention to the value of bran owing to its nutritional quality, as well as the antioxidant properties of the colorant. The present 1H NMR-based chemometric study evaluated the compositional improvement of radiation-induced mutants in purple wheat by focusing on the predominant metabolites with high polarity. A total of 33 metabolites, including three choline derivatives, three sugar alcohols, four sugars, 13 amino acids, eight organic acids, and two nucleosides, were identified throughout the 1H NMR spectra, and quantification data were obtained for the identified metabolites via peak shape-based quantification. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted for performing multivariate analyses. The colored original wheat was found to exhibit improvements compared to yellow wheat in terms of the contents of primary metabolites, thus highlighting the importance of conducting investigations of polar metabolites. The chemometrics studies further revealed mutant lines with a compositional enhancement for metabolites, including lysine, proline, acetate, and glycerol.

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