Relationship Between Nutrients, Dominant Ions, and Phytoplankton Standing Crop in Prairie Saline Lakes

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1588-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. H. Bierhuizen ◽  
E. E. Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Standing Crop ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Significant Relationships

We collected data from 20 saline lakes (total dissolved solids from 1000 to 91 000 mg∙L−1) in southeastern Alberta to compare relationships between phosphorus, nitrogen, and phytoplankton standing crop with those in freshwater lakes. In 18 lakes, Na+, Mg2+, SO42−, and HCO3−-CO32− were the dominant ions. In these lakes there was a significant positive correlation between Ca2+ and chlorophyll a (Chl a), and there were significant negative correlations between Chl a and conductivity, pH, Na+, Mg2+, SO42−, HCO3−, and CO32−. When all 20 lakes were considered there were no significant relationships between Chl a and phosphorus or nitrogen. Empirical relationships for freshwater lakes, based on spring or summer total phosphorus (TP) or total nitrogen (TN), overestimated Chl a in all the study lakes. However, in saline lakes with similar ionic composition and TN to TP ratios greater than 12 (by weight), there was a significant positive relationship between TP and Chl a. For the saline lakes with TN to TP ratios greater than 12, the deviations between the Chl a levels predicted from models developed for freshwater lakes and the observed levels were positively correlated with conductivity, total dissolved solids, and Na+ (r2 = 0.78–0.82, P < 0.001). We developed the first empirical model that describes nutrient – Chl a relationships for inland saline lakes. The deviation of measured phytoplankton biomass from that predicted by models developed for freshwater lakes can be explained by conductivity or dominant ion concentration.

Faunal assemblages of some saline lakes near Marchagee, Western Australia

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Halse
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Invertebrate Species ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Eastern Australia

Five saline lakes near Marchagee. with salinities ranging from 10-71‰, were sampled every two months between March and September 1979. The lakes contained faunal assemblages of 6-13 invertebrate species; only two species were common to all lakes. Fish (Pseudogobius olorum) were found in one salt lake. Austrochiltonia subtenuis was recorded at a salinity of 71‰ twice the salinity it was previously thought to tolerate. Pseudogobius olorum was collected at a salinity of 55‰ and is the second species of fish to be collected from highly saline Australian lakes. Mytilocypris mytiloides was collected at a total dissolved solids concentration of 45‰ a much higher level of salinity than it tolerates in eastern Australia. Necterosoma pensillatus was found at a salinity of 10.5‰ the lowest yet recorded for the species.

Conductivity and the concentration of total dissolved soilds in Australian lakes

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
WD Williams
Keyword(s):  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Specific Conductance ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lake Waters ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between specific conductance and concentration of total dissolved solids was investigated in 62 samples from Australian lakes over a wide range of concentration of total dissolved solids (from 0.5 to >200‰). A high correlation was found particularly in highly saline lakes. This suggests that with much greater confidence than elsewhere conductivity determinations may be used in Australia as an indication of the amounts of total dissolved solids in lake waters over a wide range of concentration.

Chemical and biological studies on some saline lakes of south-east Australia

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAE Bayly ◽  
WD Williams
Keyword(s):  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Secular Variations ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Made In

Chemical and biological data for a number of saline lakes in south-eastern South Australia and western Victoria are presented and discussed. The chemical information includes discussions on the major ionic composition of the lakes in March 1964, on the nature and extent of seasonal variations in the concentration of total dissolved solids in these lakes, and on the nature and extent of secular variations in salinity at Lake Corangamite. The biological data (almost exclusively faunal, and based mainly on a single series of collections made in March 1964) are discussed with particular reference to affinities, tolerance to high salinities, level of endemicity, uniqueness, and related topics. It is concluded that the fauna is different in many respects from that of similar habitats outside Australia.

Pretreatment of Produced Waters Containing High Total Dissolved Solids

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir Kaishentayev ◽  
Berna Hascakir
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Permian Basin ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Fracture Conductivity ◽  
Produced Waters

Abstract There are mainly two types of solids in the oil field waters; Suspended Solids (SS) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). While it is easy to remove SS from water, removal of TDS requires the application of advance filtration techniques such as reverse osmosis or ultra-filtration. Because these techniques cannot handle high volumes of the oilfield waters with high TDS content, produced waters originated from hydraulic fracturing activities cannot be treated by using these advance technologies. Thus, in this study we concentrated on the pretreatment of these waters. We investigated the feasibility of the Coagulation, Flocculation, and Sedimentation (CFS) process as pretreatment method to reduce mainly SS in Produced Water (PW) samples. We collected samples from 14 different wells in the Permian Basin. First, we characterized the water samples in terms of pH, SS, TDS, Zeta potential (ZP), Turbidity, Organic matter presence and different Ion concentration. We tested varying doses of several organic and inorganic chemicals, and on treated water samples we measured pH, TDS, SS, Turbidity, ZP and Ions. Then, we compared obtained results with the initial PW characterizations to determine the best performing chemicals and their optimal dosage (OD) to remove contaminants effectively. The cation and anion analyses on the initial water samples showed that TDS is mainly caused by the dissolved sodium and chlorine ions. ZP results indicated that SS are mainly negatively charged particles with absolute values around 20 mV on average. Among the tested coagulants, the best SS reduction was achieved through the addition of ferric sulfate, which helped to reduce the SS around 86%. To further lessen SS, we tested several organic flocculants in which the reduction was improved slightly more. We concluded while high TDS in the Permian basin does not implement a substantial risk for the reduction of fracture conductivity, SS is posing a high risk. Our study showed, depending on components of the initial PW, reuse of the pretreated water for fracturing may minimize fracture conductivity damage.

Evaluation of the Phosphorus–Chlorophyll Relationship for Lakes Off the Precambrian Shield in Western Canada

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Prepas ◽  
D. O. Trew
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Meromictic Lakes ◽  
Freshwater Lakes ◽  
Precambrian Shield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
North Temperate Lakes

Summer chlorophyll (Chl), spring and summer total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) data were collected from 25 lakes off the Precambrian Shield in Alberta. Contrary to the results reported in previous studies in western Canada, the spring TP–summer Chl relationship (n = 29, r2 = 0.67) and TN:TP ratios were similar to those reported for other north-temperate lakes. However, there was less variation in the summer TP–summer Chl relationship (n = 34, r2 = 0.81) than in the spring TP–summer Chl relationship. This is a result of the variability in the summer TP:spring TP ratio which ranged from 0.5 to 2.9 in these lakes. In the shallow productive freshwater lakes TP concentrations increased dramatically between spring and summer (the average summer TP:spring TP ratio was 1.7), whereas in the thermally stratified freshwater lakes (most of which were partially meromictic) summer TP concentrations were much lower than spring TP concentrations (the mean ratio was 0.7). There was less chlorophyll per unit TP in saline lakes (i.e. lakes with more than 500 mg/L total dissolved solids) than in freshwater lakes.Key words: phosphorus, chlorophyll, western lakes, saline lakes, meromictic lakes

Limnological Aspects of Some Saline Lakes in West-Central Manitoba

1965 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Driver
Keyword(s):  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Trophic Status ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Chemical Type ◽  
West Central ◽  
Morphometric Features

During the summer of 1963 a qualitative and quantitative survey of the total dissolved solids of six lakes, Crawford, Raven, Beauford, Shoal, Horseshoe, and Eighteen in west-central Manitoba, was conducted to establish the chemical type. The lakes ranged in decreasing salinities respectively from approximately 10,300 ppm to approximately 4000 ppm. The predominant anion was sulphate and the predominant cation was magnesium in each lake. With considerations of information for certain physical and morphometric features a trophic status was derived. These lakes are eutrophic-saline-glacial lakes of the sulphate type.

Evaluation of Factors Related to the Unusually Low Chlorophyll Levels in Prairie Saline Lakes

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 846-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Campbell ◽  
E. E. Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Saline Lakes ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Phytoplankton Primary Production ◽  
Chl A

Prairie saline lakes in Canada have remarkably low chlorophyll a (Chl a) levels relative to total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) levels. To evaluate factors related to low Chl a levels, three Alberta saline lakes (total dissolved solids > 5 g∙L−1) were studied in 1983 and 1984. Mean summer phytoplankton Chl a ranged from 3 to 10 μg∙L−1, mean summer periphyton Chl a was less than 70 mg∙m−2, while mean summer TP and TN ranged from 2 to 13 and from 4 to 11 mg∙L−1, respectively. Chl a and phytoplankton primary production were extremely low relative to predictions from measured TP and TN levels and empirical models for freshwaters. Bioassays indicated that inorganic phosphorus was not limiting, whereas inorganic nitrogen was limiting algal growth. Bacterial densities and zooplankton dry weight were high (> 107 cells∙mL−1 and > 1.0 mg∙L−1, respectively) relative to predictions from Chl a and empirical models for freshwaters. Phytoplankton biomass was insufficient to maintain the zooplankton populations; bacteria and detritus were likely a major food source for zooplankton. This study suggests that freshwater models are not applicable to prairie saline lakes.

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF YAMUNA RIVER AT GOKUL BARRAGE, MATHURA (UP) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AJAY KUMAR RAJAWAT ◽  
PRAVEEN KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Chemical Condition ◽  
Yamuna River ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Almost All

An attempt has been made to study the Physico-chemical condition of water of Yamuna River at Gokul Barrage, Mathura, (UP). The time period of study was July 2015 to June 2016. Three water samples were selected from different sites in each month for study. The parameters studied were Temperature, Turbidity, pH, DO, BOD, COD, Total Dissolved Solids and Suspended Solids. Almost all the parameters were found above the tolerance limit.

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