Factors Affecting Respiration Rates of Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus)

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1907-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Voyer ◽  
G. E. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Temperature Interactions

In one series of experiments, average rates of oxygen consumed by winter flounder at 10 C were 35 and 55 mg O2/kg of body weight per hour at 3.5 and 8.6 mg dissolved oxygen (DO)/liter, respectively. At 20 C the average rates of oxygen uptake were 70 at 3.2 mg DO/liter and 97 at 6.3 mg DO/liter. Oxygen consumption rates were significantly greater (P <.05) at 20 C than at 10 C. In two of the three experiments, rates of oxygen uptake were significantly lower (P <.05) among groups of winter flounder maintained at the reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations for 15–23 hr. No dissolved oxygen–temperature interactions were apparent.Results of a second series of experiments indicated respiration rates of winter flounder increased linearly with weight along regression lines having slopes of 0.792 (20 C — 6.9 mg DO/liter), 0.785 (20 C — 4.3 mg DO/liter), 0.720 (10 C — 8.7 mg DO/liter), and 0.746 (10 C — 4.3 mg DO/liter).

Some Factors Affecting the Oxygen Consumption of Asellus

1960 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-718
Author(s):  
R. W. EDWARDS ◽  
M. A. LEARNER
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Asellus Aquaticus ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Rate Of Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Males And Females

1. The oxygen-consumption rates of Asellus aquaticus (males and females) have been measured at 10 and 20° C. using a constant-volume respirometer, and the effect of starvation for 24 hr. investigated. The oxygen consumption is approximately proportional to the 0.7 power of the wet weight. The rate of oxygen consumption at 20° C. is greater than at 10° C. by a factor of 1.5. 2. The oxygen-consumption rates of A. aquaticus and A. meridianus have been measured at 20° C. in a flowing-water respirometer employing a polarographic technique for the measurement of dissolved-oxygen concentrations. The oxygen consumptions of A. aquaticus and A. meridianus are similar and decrease by 15-20% when the dissolved-oxygen concentration falls from 8.3 to 1.5 p.p.m. 3. The oxygen consumption of A. aquaticus is between 35 and 75% higher in the polarographic respirometer than in the constant-volume respirometer.

Oxygen consumption by eggs of the grubby, Myoxocephalus aenaeus, and the longhorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1613-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Walsh ◽  
William A. Lund Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Salinity Changes ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Longhorn Sculpin

Oxygen consumption rates of individual eggs of the grubby, Myoxocephalus aenaeus, and the longhorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus, were determined by microrespirometry. Eggs of both species were incubated in temperature – salinity combinations (grubby: in 2, 5, 8 °C at 10, 12.5, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 parts per thousand (ppt); longhorn sculpin: in 2, 5, 8 °C at 15, 17.5, 20, 25, 30, 35 ppt) to determine the effects of these abiotic factors and development on oxygen consumption rates. Respiration rates of eggs of both species were not affected significantly by constant salinities. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that the natural logarithms of oxygen uptake rates increased linearly with the temperature – age (in hours after fertilization) interaction and parabolically with age in both species. Oxygen consumption rates increased at hatching. Acute salinity changes did not affect embryonic oxygen consumption by either species. An acute temperature increase, however, elicited increased oxygen uptake by longhorn sculpin embryos (Q10 = 2.56).

Blood Oxygen Dissociation Characteristics of the Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1539-1544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Hayden ◽  
Joseph J. Cech Jr. ◽  
David W. Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Small Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Dissociation ◽  
Root Effects ◽  
Dissociation Curves ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Oxygen dissociation curves were determined for winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) blood at 5, 10, and 15 C, and [Formula: see text], 8, and 24 mm Hg. Half-saturation tensions (P50’s) and blood oxygen capacities were measured and showed significant Bohr and Root effects. Calculations of Hill’s constant, n, implied no heme-heme interaction in the flounder hemoglobin. The apparent heat of oxygenation, ΔH, was calculated to be smaller than that in most teleostean hemoglobins. This small temperature effect, together with the modest slope of the hyperbolic oxygen dissociation curves, indicate a capacity to live in waters exhibiting a fairly broad range of temperatures and dissolved oxygen concentrations.

Rate of Gastric Evacuation for Winter Flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith D. Huebner ◽  
Richard W. Langton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Gastric Evacuation ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Fish Weight ◽  
Stomach Volume ◽  
Food Consumed

The rate of gastric evacuation of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, calculated from the rate of hunger return (determined as the amount eaten voluntarily at some time following a satiation meal) at ~ 6 °C was exponential and equaled 0.079 h−1. Feeding voluntarily on small pieces of squid, the fish ate 1.8–2.4% of their body weight per day, the actual weight of food consumed varying directly with fish weight so that ln wt food (g) = −2.988 + 0.780 ln wet wt fish (g). Stomach volume also varied with fish weight: stomach vol (cm3) = 0.923 + 0.039 wet wt fish (g). Preliminary estimates of daily ration using several independent models agree closely with laboratory measurements of daily consumption.Key words: winter flounder, gastric, evacuation

Biochemical Evidence that Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) have Induced Hepatic Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Monooxygenase Activities

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 854-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Foureman ◽  
Nathaniel B. White Jr. ◽  
John R. Bend
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Body Weight Ratio ◽  
Monooxygenase Activity ◽  
Hepatic Microsomes ◽  
Desert Island ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Livers from winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) captured near Mount Desert Island, Maine, showed marked variation in hepatic benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (AHH; from 0.04 to 8.8 FU∙min−1∙mg protein−1) and 7-ethoxyresorufin deethylase activities (7-ERD; from < 2 to 1165 pmol∙min−1∙mg protein−1), and a dichotomy in the effect of 7,8-benzoflavone (ANF) added in vitro on AHH activity. Based on this ANF effect, the flounder could be divided into two groups. One group had high 7-ERD activity and high AHH activity which was inhibited by ANF; the other group had low 7-ERD activity and low AHH activity which was enhanced by ANF. Sex, weight, length, liver weight, gonad weight/body weight ratio, and liver/body weight ratio explained only a small part of the variability in hepatic AHH activities. Electrophoretograms of hepatic microsomes from flounder treated with 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene (DBA) or 5,6-benzoflavone (βNF) showed a novel or enriched polypeptide species present near 57 000 daltons, in the molecular weight (MW) range of known cytochrome P-450 isozymes. A polypeptide of similar MW was only faintly discernable in liver microsomes from untreated flounder whose hepatic AHH activity was much lower than that of the treated flounder, whereas a band of this MW was prominent in hepatic microsomes from untreated flounder with high hepatic AHH activity. These results suggest that many of the winter flounder captured near Mount Desert Island, Maine have induced hepatic monooxygenase activity due to exposure to PAH or PAH-like inducers present in their natural habitat.

scholarly journals Mineralisaton assays of some organic resources of aquatic systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (4a) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. BITAR ◽  
I. BIANCHINI Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Humic Compounds ◽  
Eichhornia Azurea ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Organic Resources

Assays were carried out to evaluate the consumption of dissolved oxygen resulting from mineralisation processes in resources usually found in aquatic systems. They were also aimed at estimating the oxygen uptake rate of each investigated process. Experiments were conducted using substrates from 3 different places. A fixed amount of substrate was added to 5 litres of water from Lagoa do Infernão that was previously filtered with glass wool. After adding the substrates the bottles were aired and the amount of dissolved oxygen and the temperature were monitored for 55 days. The occurrence of anaerobic processes was avoided by reoxygenating the bottles. The experimental results were fitted to a first order kinetics model, from which the consumption of dissolved oxygen owing to mineralisation processes was obtained. The amount of oxygen uptake from the mineralisation processes appeared in the following decreasing order: Wolffia sp., Cabomba sp., Lemna sp., DOM (Dissolved Organic Matter), Salvinia sp., Scirpus cubensis, stem, Eichhornia azurea, sediment and humic compounds. The deoxygenation rates (day-1) were: 0.267 (humic compounds), 0.230 (Lemna sp.), 0.199 (E. azurea), 0.166 (S. cubensis), 0.132 (sediment), 0.126 (DOM), 0.093 (Cabomba sp.), 0.091 (stem), 0.079 (Salvinia sp. and Wolffia sp.). From these results, 2 groups of resources could be identified: the first one consists of detritus with higher amounts of labile (ready to use) compounds, which show a higher global oxygen uptake during the mineralisation process; the second one consists mainly of resources that show refracting characteristics. However, when the consumption rates are analysed it is noted that the mineralised parts of the refracting substrates can be easier to process than the labile fractions of the less refracting resources.

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