Herring Movements in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine, 1957 and 1958

1961 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. McKenzie ◽  
S. N. Tibbo
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Surface Drift

During 1957 and 1958, 137,469 herring were tagged in the southern part of the Bay of Fundy and the western part of the Gulf of Maine. These fish were immature and ranged in mean total length from 9.9 to 20.0 cm and in age from 1 to 3 years. Recovery of 3,582 (2.6%) tagged individuals showed that herring moved in and out of Passamaquoddy Bay irregularly throughout the summer and autumn with some tendency to concentrate at the head of this bay. Outward movement reached a peak in July when there was a considerable movement eastward towards Point Lepreau. Herring moved into Passamaquoddy from as far south as Grand Manan and from as far east as Point Lepreau. Little interchange of herring took place between the Passamaquoddy area and the coasts of Maine and Nova Scotia. The greatest straight-line distance from release to recovery points was 55 miles. More than half of the recaptures were made within 2 miles of the tagging sites and nearly two-thirds within 5 miles. About 28% of the recaptures were made within 1 week after tagging and 63% within 2 weeks. The average time before recapture was 12 days in 1957 and 17 days in 1958. The longest time between release and recapture for both years was 165 days. Drift bottles released with tagged herring showed no apparent relationship between herring movements and surface drift. The results of tagging support a general conclusion that the proposed Passamaquoddy tidal power structures will have no significant effect on the herring fisheries of the Passamaquoddy area.

Herring Migrations in the Passamaquoddy Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. McKenzie ◽  
B. E. Skud
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

From June 20 to November 21, 1957, 37,495 herring were tagged in the southern part of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine. These fish were immature and ranged in total length from 14.2 to 18.7 cm. and in age from 1 to 3 years. Recovery of 792 (2.1%) tagged individuals indicated that the herring moved in and out of Passamaquoddy Bay throughout the summer and early autumn. No interchange of herring took place between Passamaquoddy Bay and the coast of Maine or Nova Scotia. Herring moved into Passamaquoddy from as far south as Grand Manan Island and as far east as Point Lepreau. The greatest straight-line distance moved was 55 miles, the mean time before recapture was 12 days, and the longest time 82 days.

Movements of Tagged American Lobsters, Homarus americanus, off Southwestern Nova Scotia

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Campbell ◽  
Aivars B. Stasko
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Long Distance Movement

A total of 4304 American lobsters (Homarus americanus) were tagged and released in inshore areas off southwestern Nova Scotia and on northwest Browns Bank during June–August 1975. Of the 424 lobsters recaptured within 5.4 yr of release, 385 had known recapture locations. For all release areas the average straight-line distance traveled by mature ([Formula: see text]carapace length) lobsters (15.6 km) was significantly greater than for immature (59–94 mm carapace length) lobsters (4.7 km). Most (69.3%) of the immature lobsters (N = 212) were recaptured less than 18.5 km (10 naut mi) from the release sites; for mature lobsters (N = 173) this percentage was 40.5%. Previous tagging studies off southwestern Nova Scotia revealed little evidence of long-distance movement; our study, however, shows that mature lobsters can move long distances. Many (19.7%) of the mature lobsters were recaptured more than 92.6 km (50 naut mi) from the release sites. The overall direction of travel was south, in both an east and west direction, with many lobsters moving greater than 50 km from coastal Nova Scotia and Browns Bank into the Gulf of Maine and to the slopes of the continental shelf. Thirteen lobsters moved from Browns Bank to inshore areas of southwestern Nova Scotia. The evidence of the long-distance interchange of a portion of the mature adults between southwestern Nova Scotia and the adjoining continental shelf suggests that lobsters in these areas could belong to a single stock.

Drift-Bottle Experiments in the Quoddy Region, Bay of Fundy

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Chevrier ◽  
R. W. Trites
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Variable Flow ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Surface Drift

In conjunction with the research program of the International Passamaquoddy Fisheries Board, approximately 10,000 drift bottles were released in the Quoddy Region of the Bay of Fundy in 1957 and 1958. Overall return of bottles was 25%. Results have been analyzed and surface drift inferred on monthly and seasonal bases. On the average, there is a counter-clockwise circulation in Passamaquoddy Bay, an outflow through Western Passage, a variable flow in Letite Passage, an outflow on the Campobello side and an inflow along the Deer Island side of Head Harbour Passage. In the outer Quoddy Region, there is evidence of a clockwise circulation around The Wolves, a variable flow in Grand Manan Channel, and a southerly movement off the east coast of Grand Manan Island.Wind speed and direction, which vary seasonally, appear very effective in altering the pattern of drift.

Sources of Water Contributed to the Bay of Fundy by Surface Circulation

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean F. Bumpus
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Eastern Side ◽  
Surface Circulation ◽  
Surface Drift

The returns from the 35,000 drift bottles launched in the Gulf of Maine area since 1919 have been analyzed to determine the annual cycle of surface drift. The source of surface flow into the Bay of Fundy expands from a minimum during January in the offing of the eastern side of the bay to a maximum in May which includes most of Georges Bank, the Gulf of Maine and the southwestern Scotian Shelf, then commencing in September gradually contracts toward the minimum.Secular variations in the removal of surface water from the Bay of Fundy, indicative of changes in the Maine eddy, were noted during 1957 and 1958.

Normal Modes of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine

1974 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Mode Shape ◽  
Numerical Scheme ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Normal Modes ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Tidal Period ◽  
Damping Rate ◽  
Resonant Period

Platzman's (1972) numerical scheme has been used to study the inviscid normal modes of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine for a variety of boundary conditions. The results support the contention that the resonant period associated with the lowest mode is greater than the M2 tidal period. Calculation of a damping rate from the inviscid solution gives a dissipative Q of 3.3 for the system, though this is probably an underestimate. Changes of period and normal mode shape due to changes in geometry at the head of the Bay of Fundy are investigated and some rather uncertain implications for tidal power development are discussed.

Suspended Sediment Transport and Deposition Modeling in the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia — a Region of Potential Tidal Power Development

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (S1) ◽  
pp. s20-s34 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Greenberg ◽  
C. L. Amos
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Suspended Sediment Transport ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Tidal Model ◽  
Critical Stresses

Two recent independent studies of the Minas Basin have been combined to produce a numerical simulation of suspended sediments. One study devised a numerical, barotropic tidal model of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine, which produced a good simulation of the tides and currents in the Minas Basin. The second, an extensive program of sediment sampling and monitoring addressed the nature of suspended sediments, bottom sediments, their various sediment sources and the postglacial evolution of the system. The only significant source of suspended sediment was from the open boundary to the Minas Basin and was of relatively uniform concentration through the water column. Consequently, the barotropic tidal model was well suited to modeling this material. Sediment laws describing sediment settling, resuspension, and the critical stress for entrainment were obtained from the literature and evaluated. The settling velocity of the suspended sediment was obtained by experimentation using actual water/sediment samples. Because the various parameters and critical stresses show a considerable variation among experimenters, runs were planned to examine a range of parameters. A close fit to existing conditions was obtained with the model generating mudflats in those regions where indeed they exist. Using the various parameters and critical stresses reflecting maximum sedimentation, the model was run to include the effects of a tidal power barrage off Economy Point. It is concluded that suspended sediment would not inhibit the operation of such a barrage through siltation directly in front of or behind the barrier. Increased siltation can be expected in the intertidal areas behind the barrage. Sediment budget considerations further limit the degree of post barrier siltation, insofar as the resident volume of suspended material (30 × 106 m3) is not enough to significantly reduce the headpond area.Key words: suspended sediment, sediment transport, numerical model, tide

Possible Effects of Passamaquoddy Tidal Power Structures on the Canadian Lobster Industry

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-563
Author(s):  
D. G. Wilder
Keyword(s):  
Power Structures ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Modest Increase ◽  
Distribution Centre ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Average Size

Lobster stocks outside Passamaquoddy Bay are not expected to be affected by the proposed development. Within the bay, the hatch, survival and settlement of larvae are expected to increase. An increased rate of exploitation, a modest increase in poundage of commercial landings, and a decrease in the average size of the lobsters caught are to be expected. The use of the bay as an important commercial collection, storage and distribution centre for live lobsters will be seriously affected.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dates from the Mussau Islands and the Lapita Colonization of the Southwestern Pacific

Radiocarbon ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
P V Kirch ◽  
T L Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Far East ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Cultural Complex ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
Bismarck Archipelago ◽  
Straight Line Distance

Three decades of archaeological excavations in Melanesia and Western Polynesia have led to a consensus among Oceanic prehistorians that the initial human colonization of the southwestern Pacific (east of the Solomons) was effected by populations of the Lapita Cultural Complex (Green, 1979; Kirch, 1982, 1984; Allen, 1984; Spriggs, 1984). Although the western Melanesian islands of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and possibly the Solomon Islands were settled in the late Pleistocene by small hunter-gatherer populations (Downie & White, 1979; Specht, Lilley & Normu, 1981; Groubeet al, 1986), discovery and occupation by humans of the more remote island chains to the east required sophisticated voyaging and colonization strategies. That the Austronesian-speaking Lapita people possessed long-distance voyaging craft is suggested both by lexical reconstructions, and by the archaeological evidence of long-distance transport of obsidian and other exotic materials over distances of up to 3700km (Ambrose & Green, 1972; Best, 1987). Lapita sites are marked by a distinctive complex of dentate-stamped earthenware ceramics, and associated shell, bone, and stone artifacts. Sites yielding such assemblages have been recorded between the Bismarck Archipelago in the west, through Melanesia, and as far east as Samoa and Tonga, a straight-line distance of ca 4500km.

Integration of Ecological and Engineering Aspects in Planning Large Scale Tidal Power Development in the Bay of Fundy, Canada

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 281-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald C Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
The Many ◽  
University Scientists

Large-scale tidal power development in the Bay of Fundy has been given serious consideration for over 60 years. There has been a long history of productive interaction between environmental scientists and engineers durinn the many feasibility studies undertaken. Up until recently, tidal power proposals were dropped on economic grounds. However, large-scale development in the upper reaches of the Bay of Fundy now appears to be economically viable and a pre-commitment design program is highly likely in the near future. A large number of basic scientific research studies have been and are being conducted by government and university scientists. Likely environmental impacts have been examined by scientists and engineers together in a preliminary fashion on several occasions. A full environmental assessment will be conducted before a final decision is made and the results will definately influence the outcome.

scholarly journals Locomotion postural variability and coordination in boys with overweight

2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232110240
Author(s):  
Shahab Parvinpour ◽  
Marzie Balali ◽  
Mohsen Shafizadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Samimi Pazhuh ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Approximate Entropy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Multiscale Entropy ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Straight Line Distance

The purpose of this study was to examine the variability and coordination of postural adaptations in normal weight children and those with overweight in running and hopping. Fifty-six boys between 7 and 10 years were classified into groups as overweight ( n = 33) or normal-weight ( n = 23). They performed two trials of running and hopping over a 20-m straight line distance. Accelerometers were attached on the trunk and head for collecting body movements in different directions from 15 strides. Postural variability and coordination were calculated by multiscale entropy and cross approximate entropy for the running and hopping trials, separately. Findings highlight overweight boys had significantly higher trunk-head coordination in mediolateral direction than normal-weight boys (0.72 vs. 0.68). The hopping movement pattern had highest variability (9.88 vs. 8.77) and trunk–head coordination (0.61 vs. 0.67) than running. Excess body mass demands additional postural adaptations to compensate for reducing the risk of losing balance laterally in boys with overweight.

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