Herring Migrations in the Passamaquoddy Region

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1329-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. McKenzie ◽  
B. E. Skud
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

From June 20 to November 21, 1957, 37,495 herring were tagged in the southern part of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine. These fish were immature and ranged in total length from 14.2 to 18.7 cm. and in age from 1 to 3 years. Recovery of 792 (2.1%) tagged individuals indicated that the herring moved in and out of Passamaquoddy Bay throughout the summer and early autumn. No interchange of herring took place between Passamaquoddy Bay and the coast of Maine or Nova Scotia. Herring moved into Passamaquoddy from as far south as Grand Manan Island and as far east as Point Lepreau. The greatest straight-line distance moved was 55 miles, the mean time before recapture was 12 days, and the longest time 82 days.

Herring Movements in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine, 1957 and 1958

1961 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. McKenzie ◽  
S. N. Tibbo
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Apparent Relationship ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Surface Drift

During 1957 and 1958, 137,469 herring were tagged in the southern part of the Bay of Fundy and the western part of the Gulf of Maine. These fish were immature and ranged in mean total length from 9.9 to 20.0 cm and in age from 1 to 3 years. Recovery of 3,582 (2.6%) tagged individuals showed that herring moved in and out of Passamaquoddy Bay irregularly throughout the summer and autumn with some tendency to concentrate at the head of this bay. Outward movement reached a peak in July when there was a considerable movement eastward towards Point Lepreau. Herring moved into Passamaquoddy from as far south as Grand Manan and from as far east as Point Lepreau. Little interchange of herring took place between the Passamaquoddy area and the coasts of Maine and Nova Scotia. The greatest straight-line distance from release to recovery points was 55 miles. More than half of the recaptures were made within 2 miles of the tagging sites and nearly two-thirds within 5 miles. About 28% of the recaptures were made within 1 week after tagging and 63% within 2 weeks. The average time before recapture was 12 days in 1957 and 17 days in 1958. The longest time between release and recapture for both years was 165 days. Drift bottles released with tagged herring showed no apparent relationship between herring movements and surface drift. The results of tagging support a general conclusion that the proposed Passamaquoddy tidal power structures will have no significant effect on the herring fisheries of the Passamaquoddy area.

Movements of Tagged American Lobsters, Homarus americanus, off Southwestern Nova Scotia

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Campbell ◽  
Aivars B. Stasko
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Long Distance Movement

A total of 4304 American lobsters (Homarus americanus) were tagged and released in inshore areas off southwestern Nova Scotia and on northwest Browns Bank during June–August 1975. Of the 424 lobsters recaptured within 5.4 yr of release, 385 had known recapture locations. For all release areas the average straight-line distance traveled by mature ([Formula: see text]carapace length) lobsters (15.6 km) was significantly greater than for immature (59–94 mm carapace length) lobsters (4.7 km). Most (69.3%) of the immature lobsters (N = 212) were recaptured less than 18.5 km (10 naut mi) from the release sites; for mature lobsters (N = 173) this percentage was 40.5%. Previous tagging studies off southwestern Nova Scotia revealed little evidence of long-distance movement; our study, however, shows that mature lobsters can move long distances. Many (19.7%) of the mature lobsters were recaptured more than 92.6 km (50 naut mi) from the release sites. The overall direction of travel was south, in both an east and west direction, with many lobsters moving greater than 50 km from coastal Nova Scotia and Browns Bank into the Gulf of Maine and to the slopes of the continental shelf. Thirteen lobsters moved from Browns Bank to inshore areas of southwestern Nova Scotia. The evidence of the long-distance interchange of a portion of the mature adults between southwestern Nova Scotia and the adjoining continental shelf suggests that lobsters in these areas could belong to a single stock.

Deep seismic reflection data from the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine: tectonic implications for the northern Appalachians

1991 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1096-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Keen ◽  
W. A. Kay ◽  
D. Keppie ◽  
F. Marillier ◽  
G. Pe-Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Lower Crustal

Three deep-penetration seismic reflection profiles were collected off southwest Nova Scotia to determine the crustal structure and geometry beneath the Avalon and Meguma zones of the Appalachian Orogen in Canada. Onshore geological features have been traced seawards using new gravity and magnetic anomaly maps. The seismic data can also be correlated with the previous United States Geological Survey profile in the central Gulf of Maine.Two seismically distinct lower crustal blocks are identified: the Avalon and Sable lower crustal blocks, separated by a major north-dipping reflection zone that cuts the entire crust. The recognition of the Sable block adds a fourth block to the three already identified in the Canadian Appalachians. The Sable block is overlain by the Meguma Zone. The Avalon Zone overlies at least the northern part of the Avalon lower crustal block. Although offshore extension of geological features is not unequivocal, it appears that a north-dipping reflection zone southwest of Nova Scotia marks the site of Devonian thrusting of Avalon Zone over Meguma Zone. In the Bay of Fundy to the north, two south-dipping reflection zones are interpreted as major thrusts, possibly placing Avalon lower crust over a unit with different tectonic affinities. The Fundy Fault is a Carboniferous thrust within the Avalon block along the coast of New Brunswick; this was reactivated during Mesozoic extension as a transtensional fault. Extensional displacement farther southwest was probably accommodated along east-west-trending faults and small rift basins associated with them.

Quantitative distributional patterns and aspects of the biology of the Mysidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) in the zooplankton of the Bay of Fundy region

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1545-1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Corey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Great Abundance ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay

Three mysids, Erythrops erythropthalma, Mysis stenolepis, and Neomysis americana occurred in the zooplankton of the Bay of Fundy and adjacent waters from 1973 through 1981. Erythrops erythropthalma occurred in low numbers in scattered areas, such as the mouth of Passamaquoddy Bay, Grand Manan Channel, the coast of Maine, and off St. Mary's Bay and southwest Nova Scotia. Mysis stenolepis was taken rarely and only in the shallower stations near the coast and in the inner Bay of Fundy. Neomysis americana was the most abundant mysid and the most widespread in its distribution. Populations were found at the head of the Bay of Fundy and in St. Mary's Bay. Seasonally, N. americana was least abundant in the spring, with numbers and area of distribution increasing in the summer and fall. The life history pattern of N. americana in the inner Bay of Fundy was the same as that found in other areas nearby. It rarely occurred in depths greater than 75 m and was more abundant in the zooplankton at night than during the day. Because of the great abundance of N. americana in the inner Bay of Fundy and St. Mary's Bay, it provides an excellent food source for larval and adult fish in these areas.

Further Study of Larval Herring (Clupea harengus L.) in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine

1960 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Tibbo ◽  
J. E. Henri Legaré
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Southwest Coast ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Northern Edge

Plankton surveys in the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine in 1958 and 1959 indicated that the largest herring spawning areas in this region are on the northern edge of Georges Bank and off the southwest coast of Nova Scotia. The drift of larvae from the spawning grounds as indicated by increasing size and by the direction of non-tidal surface currents suggest that Bay of Fundy herring stocks are supplied chiefly from the Nova Scotia spawnings.

scholarly journals Urban-Rural Differences in Geodetic Distance Between Home and the Nearest Pharmacy Among Older Pennsylvania Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
Shivani Khan ◽  
Debra Heller ◽  
Leroy Latty ◽  
Michelle LaSure ◽  
Theresa Brown
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Abstract Aim: We examined differences in geodetic or straight line distance between home and the nearest community pharmacy among rural and urban older adults in Pennsylvania. Method: The addresses of 241,398 older adults (≥65 years) and 2,880 community pharmacies enrolled in Pennsylvania’s Pharmaceutical Assistance Contract for the Elderly (PACE) program in 2018 were geocoded. We identified pharmacies in the same or adjacent counties for each enrollee and measured the geodetic distance between home and those pharmacies. The pharmacy with the shortest distance from home was identified as the nearest pharmacy for each enrollee. Enrollees’ home addresses were categorized as urban or rural at the county level, based on the Center for Rural Pennsylvania’s definitions. T-tests and chi-squared tests were used for analyses. Results: Overall, 37% were rural older adults and the mean distance between home and the nearest pharmacy was 1.60 ± 2.21 miles. The mean distance between home and the nearest pharmacy was significantly greater in rural compared to urban older adults (2.78 ± 2.93 versus 0.91 ± 1.19; p<.0001). A higher proportion of rural older adults resided >5 miles away from the nearest pharmacy compared to urban older adults (19.19% versus 1.80%; p<.0001). Moreover, 2.96% of rural older adults resided >10 miles away from the nearest pharmacy compared to 0.08% of urban older adults (p<.0001). Conclusion: Older patients in rural counties need to travel longer distances for pharmacy access than in urban counties. Efforts to provide convenient access to medications and pharmacy services for rural older patients are necessary.

Energy Considerations in the Bay of Fundy System

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. McLellan
Keyword(s):  
Mixed State ◽  
Roughness Length ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Tidal Friction ◽  
Roughness Elements ◽  
Passamaquoddy Bay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Size

Following developments of Taylor, Allard and Redfield, the rates at which energy is dissipated in the Bay of Fundy in various ways are calculated. A total of 30.9 × 106 kw. is transmitted into the bay of which 1.26 × 106 kw. is transmitted into Passamaquoddy Bay. Work is done on the moon at the rate of 2.48 × 106 kw. and 0.03 × 106 kw. is used to maintain the mixed state in the waters of the Bay of Fundy. The remaining 27.1 × 106 kw. must be dissipated by tidal friction. This value is compatible with the usual concepts of turbulent flow over a rough surface if the "roughness length" (Z0) is equal to 0.4 cm. or the average size of the roughness elements (E) is about 11 cm.The effect which the extraction of additional power from the system would have on tidal ranges is evaluated. The range at the head of the Bay of Fundy would decrease at the rate of 0.84 foot (26 cm.) for each million kilowatts. The proposed Passamaquoddy Project would probably increase the mean tidal range at Hopewell Cape by 0.6 foot (18 cm.)

On the Occurrence and Distribution of Larval Herring (Clupea harengus L.) in the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of Maine

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Tibbo ◽  
J. E. Henri Legaré ◽  
Leslie W. Scattergood ◽  
R. F. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Clupea Harengus ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae

A major portion of the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine has been surveyed for occurrence and distribution of herring larvae. Plankton samples obtained with Hardy continuous plankton recorders and plankton nets confirm major spawning areas off the southwest coast of Nova Scotia and on the northern edge of Georges Bank. Newly hatched larvae were found in abundance in these areas, but nowhere else. Drift of larvae as indicated by non-tidal surface currents suggests that Nova Scotia spawnings may contribute substantially to commercial stocks of herring in inshore areas of Maine and New Brunswick. It is possible that Georges Bank spawnings also supply herring to this region.

Home range of house cats Felis catus living within a National Park

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Meek
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
National Park ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Straight Line Distance ◽  
The Mean

Fourteen house cats living in residential areas surrounded by National Park were studied using radio telemetry to determine whether they roamed beyond the urban boundary. Eight cats were recorded using natural habitat, predominantly heath the most abundant habitat type adjacent to residential areas. Ninety two percent of fixes were taken within the fringes of the urban boundary. Mean home range size of house cats was 2.9 ha and two categories of cats were identified based on their tendency to wander away from home. Wandering cats had a home range of 5.1 ha and sedentary cats had a range of 0.4 ha. The mean distance travelled by male cats was 70 m and 30 m for females (range 1.5 – 272 m). The longest straight line distance travelled by a house cat in a single foray from a residence was 1.17 km. The major proportion of forays away from the home environs were undertaken at night and in the afternoon.

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