BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY: 4. HUDSON BAY COPEPOD PLANKTON

1931 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 483-493
Author(s):  
A. WILLEY
Keyword(s):  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Biological Explanation ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
Crustacean Plankton ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

The comparative poverty of the micro-crustacean plankton in general and the absence of Temora longicornis in particular may afford a partial biological explanation of the paucity of fish-life in Hudson bay. The plankton as a whole is of a mixed arctic and boreal type.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY: 6. THE GENERAL HYDROGRAPHY AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE WATERS OF THE HUDSON BAY REGION

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. HACHEY
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
James Bay ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Hydrographic Conditions ◽  
The Many ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

The waters of Hudson bay differ markedly from the waters of Hudson strait and the waters of the open ocean. Intense stratification in the upper twenty-five metres, decreasing as the waters of the open ocean are approached, gives Hudson bay the character of a large estuary. Below fifty metres the waters are for all purposes dynamically dead, thus resulting in a cold saline body of water which probably undergoes very little change from season to season. The movements of the waters at various levels are dealt with to show that the inflow of waters from Fox channel and the many fresh-water drainage areas control the hydrographic conditions as found. The main water movement is from the James bay area to Hudson strait and thence to the open ocean.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY: 5. THE PLANKTONIC DIATOMS IN HUDSON BAY

1931 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. DAVIDSON
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Planktonic Diatoms ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

Surface catches of diatoms taken in Hudson bay in August and September 1930, revealed well-known species of arctic origin. They were most abundant and in best condition near the mouth of the bay, decreasing rapidly inwards, irrespective of the water temperature or the time of the catch.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY: 10. MARINE ALGAE FROM HUDSON BAY

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUGH P. BELL ◽  
CONSTANCE MACFARLANE
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

Sixty-eight collections of marine algae made during the summers of 1927 to 1930 inclusive gave only one hundred and seventy one identifications, comprising forty species, none peculiar to this region alone. The distribution and appearance of the plants indicate that the algal association of Hudson bay is estuarial and arctic.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY 6. BRYOZOA FROM HUDSON BAY AND STRAIT

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 361-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAYMOND C. OSBURN
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Arctic Circle ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Davis Strait ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions ◽  
Made In

The Hudson bay, a great inland sea situated well to the south of the arctic circle, has its two entrances at the northern extremity, one into the Arctic ocean and the other through Hudson strait into Davis strait. As the whole region lies within the area of the most recent glaciation, its fauna must have been re-established since the recession of the glacier from northern sources. This will probably explain the fact that practically all of the species are those of Greenland and arctic America, which in turn are chiefly circumpolar in distribution.Collections made in 1897, 1904, 1927, 1928, 1929 and 1930 of bryozoan material from the northeastern part of the bay, from Hudson strait, and from the region about Port Churchill in Manitoba, show seventy-five species and well marked varieties, including two species described as new, Bugula simpliciformis and Callopora ungavensis, with one striking variety, Gemellaria loricata var. cornuta.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY 9. FISHES FROM THE HUDSON BAY REGION (EXCEPT THE COREGONIDAE)

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
VADIM D. VLADYKOV
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

The present study is based on examination of six collections of fishes (about 4000 specimens) from the Hudson bay region made between 1919 and 1930. The material consisted of 45 different forms, belonging to 42 species, 34 genera and 17 families.No endemic species are known from this area. The following subspecies are described as new: Ammodytes dubius hudsonius, Gymnocanthus tricuspis hudsonius and Lycodes reticulatus hacheyi.Sixteen fresh-water and brackish-water forms collected in the Hudson bay area are the same as those that occur in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence regions.Twenty-eight marine species are known from the region under consideration; the majority of them (22) are truly arctic forms.Two species (Gymnocanthus galeatus and Liparis cyclostigma) previously known only from the north Pacific and Bering sea are found in Hudson bay.The most important commercial fishes are principally anadromous and rarely marine.

Biological and Oceanographic Conditions in Hudson Bay: 11. Echinoderms of Hudson Bay

1937 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin H. Clark
Keyword(s):  
High Arctic ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
The West ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Arctic Area ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

For an arctic area Hudson bay appears to have an unusually meagre representation of echinoderms, both species and individuals being few in numbers. The echinoderm fauna includes 29 species, all high arctic forms none of which are peculiar to or especially characteristic of the region. The largest number of species is known from the southeastern portion; but here the greatest amount of collecting has been done. The relative richness of the several sections of the bay would appear to be, the west (richest), southeast, central, northwest, northeast and southwest (poorest).

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY. 8. THE COREGONINE FISHES OF HUDSON AND JAMES BAYS

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. DYMOND
Keyword(s):  
Great Lakes ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Saginaw Bay ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

Specimens of Coregonus clupeaformis, Prosopium quadrilaterale and Leucichthys artedi from Hudson and James bays are quite similar to specimens of the same species from the Great Lakes; Prosopium shows the most divergence.Coregonus does not grow as large in salt water as in fresh water lakes of the same latitude; its rate of growth is more rapid than that of whitefish in lake Nipigon, but slower than in lake Ontario; spawning fish are usually at least seven years old.For the first two or three years Leucichthys grows more slowly, but later more rapidly than in lake Ontario or Saginaw bay, lake Michigan; it also reaches a larger size than is usual in the Great Lakes; sexual maturity is probably not attained until at least the fourth year.

BIOLOGICAL AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS IN HUDSON BAY: I. HUDSON BAY AND THE DETERMINATION OF FISHERIES

1931 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. HUNTSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

The waters of Hudson bay, though potentially rich, do not present suitable conditions for the development of fisheries of any magnitude. Fresh water from an extensive drainage basin mixes only superficially with the salt water, so that the bay has an estuarial character, apart from the somewhat barren deeper arctic water, with the fisheries largely those of the rivers emptying into it.

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