A natural auxotroph of a nematode-trapping fungus

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3255-3261 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zachariah ◽  
J. R. Victor
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Absolute Requirement

The nutritional requirements of a unique predatory fungus are described. The strain of Arthrobotrys dactyloides was isolated from forest soil and has an absolute requirement for histidine and methionine with a partial requirement for several other amino acids. In common with many other fungi it requires glucose and one or more of the B vitamins.

Ascocarp induction in a natural auxotroph of a predatory fungus

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3262-3266 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zachariah
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Absolute Requirement

A natural auxotroph of Arthrobotrys dactyloides with an absolute requirement for several amino acids was isolated from forest soil. When combined with a prototrophic strain the putative heterokaryon had growth characteristics differing from those of either component. With a second prototroph, the putative heterokaryon acquired the ability to produce sterile apothecia. The possibility is discussed that the auxotroph is essential to the initiation of sexual morphogenesis in these anamorphs.

NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF THE MICROFLORA OF A SLIME ACCUMULATION IN A PAPER MILL

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Eveleigh ◽  
D. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Absolute Requirement

The nutrition of microorganisms isolated from an accumulation of slime has been examined. A number of the fungi and bacteria had an absolute requirement for one or more vitamins. The growth rates of others were markedly stimulated by low concentrations of biotin. In general, both mono- and disaccharides were readily utilized by the isolates. Geotrichum candidum, Candida reukaufii, and Sporotrichum sp. were unable to utilize nitrate nitrogen and several bacteria required amino acids.

scholarly journals Ingesting a pre-workout supplement containing caffeine, B-vitamins, amino acids, creatine, and beta-alanine before exercise delays fatigue while improving reaction time and muscular endurance

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon D Spradley ◽  
Kristy R Crowley ◽  
Chih-Yin Tai ◽  
Kristina L Kendall ◽  
David H Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Beta Alanine

scholarly journals Multivariate modeling strategies to predict nutritional requirements of essential amino acids in semiheavy second-cycle hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Morales-Suárez ◽  
Iván Camilo Ospina-Rojas ◽  
Jonh Jairo Méndez-Arteaga ◽  
Adriana Helena do Nascimento Ferreira ◽  
Henry Alexander Váquiro-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Multivariate Modeling

Nutritional requirements of Xylella fastidiosa, which causes Pierce's disease in grapes

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
C J Chang ◽  
R C Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Xylella Fastidiosa ◽  
Pierce's Disease ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Pierce’S Disease ◽  
Starting Point

A defined medium (XF-26) containing 3 inorganic salts, 2 tricarboxylic acids, 17 amino acids, potato starch, phenol red, and agar was used as the starting point for the study. Deletions of one or more ingredients were performed to prepare various media. A medium was considered able to support growth of Xylella fastidiosa strains responsible for Pierce's disease in grapes, only after 10 serial passages had been completed. Of 3 inorganic salts, K2HPO4 and MgSO4·7H2O were essential, and (NH4)2HPO4 was nonessential for growth. Of the Krebs cycle intermediates, all (citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate) but isocitrate supported growth of cultivated strains, whereas only citrate alone or citrate plus succinate supported the primary isolation of PD bacterium. Of 17 amino acids, 6 uncharged polar R groups (asparagine, cysteine, glutamine, glycine, serine, and threonine) supported growth, whereas 8 nonpolar R groups (alanine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, tryptophan, and valine) or 3 positively charged polar groups (arginine, histidine, and lysine) did not. Starch proved to be nonessential.Key words: Xylella fastidiosa, nutritional requirements.

THE WEIGHT-DEPRESSING ACTION OF α-METHYL-DL-TRYPTOPHAN IN THE RAT

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Sankoff ◽  
T. L. Sourkes
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Enzymic Activity ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Metabolic Studies ◽  
Comparable Effect ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Tryptophan Pyrrolase

α-Methyl-DL-tryptophan, injected intraperitoneally into rats, has a weight-depressing action lasting up to 72 hours. Dosages in the range 0.015–2.0 millimoles/kg body weight (3.3–436 mg/kg) are effective. Attempts to antagonize the weight-depressing action by giving essential amino acids and B vitamins were unsuccessful. Metabolic studies have shown that about half the injected dose of the compound (or its derivatives), as measured by the Hopkins–Cole glyoxylic acid reaction, is excreted in the urine in 24 hours; most of this appears during the first 4 hours after the injection. Ina search for an explanation for the weight-depressing action of α-methyltryptophan, tryptophan pyrrolase activity in the liver was estimated. This enzymic activity increases for 8 hours after the injection of α-methyltryptophan, and thereafter remains high for 72 hours. Tryptophan-injected animals showed increases in tryptophan pyrrolase level for 1.5 hours, and a return to normal concentrations within 24 hours. Other α-methyl amino acids which were tested had no comparable effect on body weight.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOIL BACTERIA WITH SIMPLE NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND THOSE REQUIRING AMINO ACIDS

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. B. Payne ◽  
J. W. Rouatt ◽  
A. G. Lochhead
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Single Case ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Specific Amino Acid ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Development

Twenty-two of 30 representative soil bacteria having simple nutritional requirements, in that they showed maximum development in a medium of inorganic salts and sugar, were found to be able to synthesize a variety of amino acids, though in no single case were more than four ninhydrin-positive substances found. The culture filtrates permitted the growth of amino-acid-requiring bacteria to the extent that they contained the specific amino acid or acids required by strains of the latter group. The findings point to an associative action between these nutritional groups of soil organisms and suggest that the preferential stimulation in the rhizosphere of bacteria requiring amino acids may be ascribed in part to the ability of the other group of bacteria, which are numerically increased in the rhizosphere, to synthesize amino acids.

Mineralization of amino acids and its signs in nitrogen cycling of forest soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Ma ◽  
Guangting Pei ◽  
Ren Gao ◽  
Yunfeng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
Forest Soil

scholarly journals Lessons Learned from Inherited Metabolic Disorders of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids Metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2506S-2517S ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Kožich ◽  
Sally Stabler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Biallelic Mutations ◽  
Sulfur Containing

ABSTRACT The metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) requires an orchestrated interplay among several dozen enzymes and transporters, and an adequate dietary intake of methionine (Met), cysteine (Cys), and B vitamins. Known human genetic disorders are due to defects in Met demethylation, homocysteine (Hcy) remethylation, or cobalamin and folate metabolism, in Hcy transsulfuration, and Cys and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) catabolism. These disorders may manifest between the newborn period and late adulthood by a combination of neuropsychiatric abnormalities, thromboembolism, megaloblastic anemia, hepatopathy, myopathy, and bone and connective tissue abnormalities. Biochemical features include metabolite deficiencies (e.g. Met, S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), intermediates in 1-carbon metabolism, Cys, or glutathione) and/or their accumulation (e.g. S-adenosylhomocysteine, Hcy, H2S, or sulfite). Treatment should be started as early as possible and may include a low-protein/low-Met diet with Cys-enriched amino acid supplements, pharmacological doses of B vitamins, betaine to stimulate Hcy remethylation, the provision of N-acetylcysteine or AdoMet, or experimental approaches such as liver transplantation or enzyme replacement therapy. In several disorders, patients are exposed to long-term markedly elevated Met concentrations. Although these conditions may inform on Met toxicity, interpretation is difficult due to the presence of additional metabolic changes. Two disorders seem to exhibit Met-associated toxicity in the brain. An increased risk of demyelination in patients with Met adenosyltransferase I/III (MATI/III) deficiency due to biallelic mutations in the MATIA gene has been attributed to very high blood Met concentrations (typically >800 μmol/L) and possibly also to decreased liver AdoMet synthesis. An excessively high Met concentration in some patients with cystathionine β-synthase deficiency has been associated with encephalopathy and brain edema, and direct toxicity of Met has been postulated. In summary, studies in patients with various disorders of SAA metabolism showed complex metabolic changes with distant cellular consequences, most of which are not attributable to direct Met toxicity.

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