Effects of 15% CO2 on the susceptibility of Phaseolus vulgaris to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Arnold ◽  
James E. Rahe
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Incompatible Interaction ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Histological Studies ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Fungal Hyphae ◽  
Complete Reversal

Changes in the nature of the interaction between Phaseolus vulgaris and a compatible race of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum were obtained by treatment of inoculated plants with 15% CO2 in air. A shift towards resistance, manifested by the appearance of flecks similar to those which develop in a natural incompatible interaction, occurred on plants placed in CO2 during the early stages of fungal penetration and maintained there until symptoms appeared. With such treatment, almost complete reversal of the interaction was obtained when the density of infection sites was sufficiently great to give coalescent necrosis in controls that were not CO2-treated. A lesser effect occurred when CO2 treatment was begun at later stages of development of the interaction. Histological studies showed that the rate of colonization of host cells by hyphae of the fungus was reduced in the presence of 15% CO2. These results indicate that CO2 may change the nature of the interaction to one of resistance by selectively slowing down the growth of the fungus while allowing a defense response of the host to develop to a degree where it can prevent further spread of fungal hyphae.

Occurrence and levels of the phytoalexin phaseollin in relation to delimitation at sites of infection of Phaseolus vulgaris by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2423-2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Rahe
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Healthy Tissue ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Incompatible Interaction ◽  
Interaction Type ◽  
Incompatible Response ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Difference

Sequential quantitative analyses of phaseollin associated with individual sites of infection by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum on etiolated hypocotyls of Phaseolus vulgaris provide further insight concerning the possible function of phaseollin in compatible and incompatible host response. When detected, phaseollin was localized in and (or) around individual infection sites; it was not detected in adjacent healthy tissue. Its occurrence was correlated with the time of appearance of visible, necrotic flecks at sites of incompatible response. It was not detected at visibly necrotic sites of compatible response until these became delimited in appearance, after which it occurred in large amounts. Delimitation at these sites occurred well after visible necrosis was first apparent. At high levels of infection, individual sites of compatible infection coalesced before delimitation, and in such instances phaseollin was virtually absent for the duration of the experiments. The levels of phaseollin occurring at individual infection sites indicate that it does not function as the primary determinant of interaction type, but is associated with delimitation at sites of both compatible and incompatible interaction. With respect to phaseollin production, the difference between these interactions was clearly one of time of occurrence, rather than amount produced.

Effects of 15% CO2 on germination, germ tube elongation, and sporulation in cultures of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1044-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Arnold ◽  
James E. Rahe
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Germ Tube Elongation

Germination of conidia in cultures of the beta and gamma races of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum growing on bean juice agar was delayed in 15% CO2, though the proportion of conidia that finally germinated under these conditions was similar to the proportion that germinated in cultures maintained in air. Germ tube elongation in CO2 was inhibited during the early stages of development, but vegetative growth was ultimately stimulated under these conditions. Sporulation of cultures maintained in CO2 was delayed and fewer conidia were formed than in cultures maintained in air.The results suggest that there is an interrelationship between vegetative growth and spore production. The implications of these results to previous work on the effects of 15% CO2 on the host–parasite interaction between C. lindemuthianum and Phaseolus vulgaris are discussed.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Partial Resistance Against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in Phaseolus vulgaris and Co-localization of Quantitative Trait Loci with Genes Involved in Specific Resistance

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Geffroy ◽  
Mireille Sévignac ◽  
Julio C. F. De Oliveira ◽  
Guy Fouilloux ◽  
Paul Skroch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Defense Response Genes ◽  
Parental Lines

Anthracnose, one of the most important diseases of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. A “candidate gene” approach was used to map anthracnose resistance quantitative trait loci (QTL). Candidate genes included genes for both pathogen recognition (resistance genes and resistance gene analogs [RGAs]) and general plant defense (defense response genes). Two strains of C. lindemuthianum, identified in a world collection of 177 strains, displayed a reproducible and differential aggressiveness toward BAT93 and JaloEEP558, two parental lines of P. vulgaris representing the two major gene pools of this crop. A reliable test was developed to score partial resistance in aerial organs of the plant (stem, leaf, petiole) under controlled growth chamber conditions. BAT93 was more resistant than Jalo-EEP558 regardless of the organ or strain tested. With a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between these two parental lines, 10 QTL were located on a genetic map harboring 143 markers, including known defense response genes, anthracnose-specific resistance genes, and RGAs. Eight of the QTL displayed isolate specificity. Two were co-localized with known defense genes (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein) and three with anthracnose-specific resistance genes and/or RGAs. Interestingly, two QTL, with different allelic contribution, mapped on linkage group B4 in a 5.0 cM interval containing Andean and Mesoamerican specific resistance genes against C. lindemuthianum and 11 polymorphic fragments revealed with a RGA probe. The possible relationship between genes underlying specific and partial resistance is discussed.

Histological studies on host-cell necrosis conditioned by the Sr6 gene for resistance in wheat to stem rust

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1445-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Samborski ◽  
W. K. Kim ◽  
R. Rohringer ◽  
N. K. Howes ◽  
R. J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Calcofluor White ◽  
Histological Studies

Seedlings of resistant (Sr6) and susceptible (sr6) near-isogenic lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were inoculated with a race of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) that was avirulent on the line with Sr6 and they were kept at 19, 25, 26, and 27 °C. Fluorescence microscopy was used to detect autofluorescing necrotic host cells and rust colonies after these were stained with a fiuorochrome (Calcofluor White M2R New).In leaves containing the Sr6 gene, a smaller percentage of colonies grown at 25 °C had necrotic cells associated with them than those that were grown at 19 °C. The incidence of colony-associated necrosis in these leaves could be further reduced by increasing the temperature to 26 °C and 27 °C. Similarly, the number of necrotic host cells per colony decreased with an increase in temperature. Colonies in genotypically resistant leaves were usually smaller than those in genotypically susceptible leaves, but the differences in colony sizes between these two lines decreased at the higher temperatures.When infected plants containing the Sr6 gene were kept for varying times at 25 °C and then were transferred to 19 °C, there was significantly less fungal growth and more necrosis than in plants kept continuously at 25 °C. This necrosis occurred largely in those cells that were invaded after the transfer to 19 °C, when the Sr6 gene was activated.

Caractérisation ultrastructurale d'une résistance induite par un éliciteur d'origine fongique, chez un cultivar sensible de Piment

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coulomb ◽  
P. J. Coulomb ◽  
I. Saimmaime ◽  
Y. Lizzi ◽  
C. Polian
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Lytic Function ◽  
Wall Appositions

Elicitation of a sensitive sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivar roots by immersion in the culture medium of Trichoderma album induces resistance in leaves infected by Phytophthora capsici. In infected tissues, host cells are intact and develop wall formations that look like typical wall appositions, but differ from them by the presence of a substance of cytoplasmic origin, which is phagocytized and degraded, conferring a lytic function and unusual dynamics to these structures. The involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum and peroxysomes in eventual detoxification processes is discussed. The resistance induced by this elicitor seems to be programmed by the establishment of a reactive physiological state, which produces the defense response.

scholarly journals The histidine kinase slnCl1 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum as a pathogenicity factor against Phaseolus vulgaris L

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Bicalho Nogueira ◽  
Leandro Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Casley Borges de Queiroz ◽  
Thamy Lívia Ribeiro Corrêa ◽  
Renato Pedrozo Menicucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pathogenicity Factor

scholarly journals Avaliação da produtividade de linhagens de feijoeiro resistentes ao fungo da antracnose

Bragantia ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sidney Pompeu
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum

A capacidade produtiva de linhagens de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris) resistentes ao fungo da antracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) pertencentes aos grupos Preto, Chumbinho e Diversas, foi estimada em experimentos em blocos ao acaso, instalados em Campinas, no cultivo das águas de 1977, 1978 e 1979. Utilizaram-se os cultivares Moruna, Aroana e Carioca como controles para as linhagens dos grupos Preto, Chumbinho e Diversos respectivamente. Pela análise estatística dos dados obtidos pelas linhagens do grupo Preto, comuns aos ensaios de 1977 e 1978, 1978 e 1979, observou-se que as de prefixos 5-9-4-3-1-4, 5-9-4-3-1-5, 18-1-6 e 5-9-4-3-1-6, com médias de 2.100, 2.079, 2.055 e 2.028kg/ha, foram superiores ao 'Moruna', que produziu 1.580kg/ha. No grupo Chumbinho, cujas linhagens foram avaliadas em 1978 e 1979, a de prefixo 5-1-1-5-1-9, com 2.336kg/ha, destacou-se das demais, embora esta produtividade média estivesse ao mesmo nível, estatisticamente, da verificada para o 'Aroana', 2.136kg/ha. Para as linhagens do grupo Diversos, estudadas em 1978 e 1979, apenas 10-3-1 e 10-6-2, com produções médias de 3.133 e 2.823kg/ha, foram superiores, respectivamente, a 2.375 e 2.355kg/ha, observadas para o 'Carioca'. Outras linhagens deste grupo tiveram médias acima do controle, como 10-9-2, 10-9-1 e 10-5-1, com 2.698, 2.686 e 2.649kg/ha (Carioca - 2.355kg/ha) na ausência do patógeno. Nas análises conjuntas foram notados efeitos significativos para ano em onze dos doze grupos de experimentos e em apenas dois para a interação tratamento x ano. As melhores linhagens serão colocadas nos ensaios regionais e algumas terão suas sementes aumentadas e colocadas à disposição dos agricultores da região de Campinas.

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