Frictional Coefficient of TMJ Disc and Condylar Cartilage

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward D. Bonnevie ◽  
Laura Barito ◽  
Matthew Aldridge ◽  
Liyun Wang ◽  
David L. Burris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Cartilaginous Tissues ◽  
Diarthrodial Joint ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Tmj Disc ◽  
Frictional Coefficients

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the only diarthrodial joint in human head, is composed of two articulating bones covered by cartilage with an extra disc between the two cartilage surfaces. The rotation and gliding motions of TMJ allow us to talk, chew, and yawn. Dislocation of the disc or degeneration of the cartilage can severely ruin the congruity and integrality of TMJ and further leads to TMJ disorders (TMD). Histology studies showed that the composition and structure of condylar cartilage do not resemble any other fibrocartilages [1], our recent study also found that the condylar cartilage is much softer than cartilage in other joints [2]. The condyle is fully covered by the disc, which glides on the condyle cartilage during daily activities [3]. Little is known about the frictional coefficients of these cartilaginous tissues in TMJ. In this study, using a novel custom-built tribometer, we propose to investigate: 1) the frictional coefficients of condylar cartilage and disc at five different regions, and 2) the dependency of frictional coefficient on sliding speed and loading magnitude.

A Comparison of the Mechanical Properties of the Goat Temporomandibular Joint Disc to the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage in Unconfined Compression

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine K. Hagandora ◽  
Alejandro J. Almarza
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Unconfined Compression ◽  
Compressive Behavior ◽  
Articular Eminence ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disc ◽  
Mandibular Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Structural Abnormalities ◽  
Tmj Disc

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial, bilateral joint formed by the articulation of the condyle of the mandible and the articular eminence and glenoid fossa of the temporal bone. The articulating tissues of the joint include the TMJ disc and the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC). It is estimated that 10 million Americans are affected by TMJ disorders (TMDs), a term encompassing a variety of conditions which result in positional or structural abnormalities in the joint. [1] Characterization of the properties of the articulating tissues of the joint is a necessary prequel to understanding the process of pathogenesis as well as tissue engineering suitable constructs for replacement of damaged joint fibrocartilage. Furthermore, the current literature lacks a one-to-one comparison of the regional compressive behavior of the goat MCC to the TMJ disc.

The Frictional Coefficient of the Temporomandibular Joint and Its Dependency on the Magnitude and Duration of Joint Loading

2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tanaka ◽  
N. Kawai ◽  
M. Tanaka ◽  
M. Todoh ◽  
T. van Eijden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Joint Loading ◽  
Joint Friction ◽  
Friction Tester ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tissue Rupture ◽  
Frictional Coefficients

In synovial joints, friction between articular surfaces leads to shear stress within the cartilaginous tissue, which might result in tissue rupture and failure. Joint friction depends on synovial lubrication of the articular surfaces, which can be altered due to compressive loading. Therefore, we hypothesized that the frictional coefficient of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is affected by the magnitude and duration of loading. We tested this by measuring the frictional coefficient in 20 intact porcine TMJs using a pendulum-type friction tester. The mean frictional coefficient was 0.0145 (SD 0.0027) after a constant loading of 50 N during 5 sec. The frictional coefficient increased with the length of the preceding loading duration and exceeded 0.0220 (SD 0.0014) after 1 hr. Application of larger loading (80 N) resulted in significantly larger frictional coefficients. In conclusion, the frictional coefficient in the TMJ was proportional to the magnitude and duration of joint loading.

scholarly journals Trueness of Fit of Biphasic Transversely Isotropic Parameters Model in the Porcine Temporomandibular Joint Disc and Mandibular Condylar Cartilage and Regional Dependence

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Chin ◽  
Alejandro J. Almarza
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Transversely Isotropic ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Compressive Properties ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disc ◽  
Viscoelastic Parameters ◽  
Mandibular Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Tmj Disc ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMDs) are not well understood and the mechanical differences between the regions of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) and the TMJ disc have not been thoroughly compared. As of now, there are no commercially available regenerative therapies for the TMJ. Elucidating the mechanical properties of these two structures of the articulating joint will help future efforts in developing tissue engineering treatments of the TMJ. In this study, we evaluate the compressive properties of the porcine disc and mandibular condylar cartilage by performing unconfined compression at 10% strain with 4.5%/min strain rate. Punches (4 mm biopsy) from both tissues were taken from five different regions of both the MCC and TMJ: anterior, posterior, lateral, medial, and central. Previously, theoretical models of compression in the porcine tissue did not fit the whole ramp-relaxation behavior. Thus, the data stress–relaxation was fitted to the biphasic transversely isotropic model, for both the TMJ disc and cartilage. From the results found in the disc, it was found that the posterior region had the highest values in multiple viscoelastic parameters when compared to the other regions. The mandibular condylar cartilage was only found to be significantly different in the transverse modulus between the posterior and lateral regions. Both the TMJ disc and MCC had similar magnitudes of values (for the modulus and other corresponding compressive properties) and behavior under this testing modality.

scholarly journals Analysis of Chemisorbed Tribo-Film for Ceramic-on-Ceramic Hip Joint Prostheses by Raman Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Risha Rufaqua ◽  
Martin Vrbka ◽  
Dušan Hemzal ◽  
Dipankar Choudhury ◽  
David Rebenda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Synovial Fluids ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Joint Prostheses ◽  
Ceramic On Ceramic

To understand the possible lubricant mechanism in ceramic-on-ceramic hip joint prostheses, biochemical reactions of the synovial fluid and the corresponding frictional coefficients were studied. The experiments were performed in a hip joint simulator using the ball-on-cup configuration with balls and cups made from two types of ceramics, BIOLOX®forte and BIOLOX®delta. Different lubricants, namely albumin, γ-globulin, hyaluronic acid and three model synovial fluids, were studied in the experiments and Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze the biochemical responses of these lubricants at the interface. BIOLOX®delta surface was found less reactive to proteins and model fluid lubricants. In contrast, BIOLOX®forte ball surface has shown chemisorption with both proteins, hyaluronic acid and model fluids imitating total joint replacement and osteoarthritic joint. There was no direct correlation between the measured frictional coefficient and the observed chemical reactions. In summary, the study reveals chemistry of lubricant film formation on ceramic hip implant surfaces with various model synovial fluids and their components.

Effect of Mechanical Stress on Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Temporomandibular Joint: a Morphological and Histological Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Nagai ◽  
Takenobu Ishii ◽  
Yasushi Nishii
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Condylar Cartilage ◽  
Layer Width

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ-RA) has been reported to have a larger incidence range than systemic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The presence or absence of mechanical stress (MS) is considered a factor in this. In this study, we hypothesized that TMJ-RA develops or worsens when excessive MS is applied to the temporomandibular joint of RA mouse models. We aimed to clarify the relationship between TMJ-RA and MS through morphological and histological evaluation. Methods Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in male DBA/1JNCrlj 9–12 weeks old mice by administering Type II collagen antibody and lipopolysaccharide to produce RA model mice. MS was applied to the mandibular condyle. The group was separated into non-RA (control group (N = 5) and MS group (N = 5)), and RA group (CAIA group (N = 5)and CAIA MS group (N = 5)). To confirm the morphological changes in the mandibular condyle, micro-CT imaging was performed. Histological evaluation of the TMJ was performed by hematoxylin and eosin staining for condylar cartilage cell layer thickness, Safranin O staining for proteoglycans, and tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase staining for osteoclast count. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed to assess the localization of cartilage destruction enzymes using ADAMTS-5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) antibody. Additionally, CD3 (cluster of differentiation), CD45, and γδ TCR (T cell receptor) antibodies were used to localize and identify the type of lymphocytes. Results In the CAIA MS model, a three-dimensional analysis of the temporomandibular joint by microcomputer tomography showed a crude change in the surface of the mandibular condyle. Histological examination revealed a decrease in the chondrocyte layer width and an increase in the number of osteoclasts in the mandibular condyle. T cell accumulation was observed, and γδ T cell involvement was confirmed. Conclusions In the CAIA model, the TMJ was less sensitive to the initiation of RA. However, the results suggested that it was exacerbated by MS, and that γδ T cells may be involved in TMJ-RA.

Tribological property of the cobalt—chromium femoral head with different regions of wear in total hip arthroplasty

2009 ◽  
Vol 224 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-T Duong ◽  
J-S Nam ◽  
E-M Seo ◽  
B P Patro ◽  
J-D Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Frictional Coefficient ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Wear Region

The tribological properties of engineering and biological materials have been investigated at microscale levels through the calculation of the surface roughness and frictional coefficient using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Although a number of previous studies have reported the frictional coefficients of diverse bearing materials in total hip arthroplasty (THA), the relationship between the surface roughness and frictional coefficient of bearing materials of THA have not been reported, and furthermore, the tribological properties for different wear regions of a cobalt-chromium (Co—Cr) femoral head have not been well identified. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationships between the surface roughness, frictional coefficient, and hardness for both the main-wear and the least-wear regions of a Co—Cr femoral head 10 years after THA. The average Vickers hardness of the Co—Cr femoral head was 380.7 ± 11.3 HV. With the scanned area of 25 μm×25 μm through AFM, the frictional coefficients of the main-wear and the least-wear regions were 0.229 ± 0.054 and 0.243 ± 0.059, respectively, and showed no statistical differences between these two regions ( p = 0.449). However, differences in the surface roughness ( Rq) between the main-wear region ( Rq = 96.5 ± 26.2 nm) and the least-wear region ( Rq = 17.7 ± 4.2 nm) were statistically significant ( p<0.0001). The results of the current study suggest that the frictional property of the Co—Cr femoral head is not significantly correlated with its surface roughness, and also provide guidelines for improving the surface characteristics of metallic implant materials.

scholarly journals Determination of composition and structure of spongy bone tissue in human head of femur by Raman spectral mapping

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1653-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kozielski ◽  
T. Buchwald ◽  
M. Szybowicz ◽  
Z. Błaszczak ◽  
A. Piotrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Spongy Bone ◽  
Spectral Mapping ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Raman Spectral

Comparison of the Trueness of Fits of the Biphasic Transverse Isotropic and Kelvin Models to the Tensile Behavior of Temporomandibular Joint Disc

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuyang Li ◽  
Sara Trbojevic ◽  
Alejandro J. Almarza
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Relaxation Test ◽  
Stress Relaxation Test ◽  
Kelvin Model ◽  
Biphasic Model ◽  
Tmj Disc ◽  
Transverse Isotropic

Abstract This technical brief explores the validity and trueness of fit for using the transverse isotropic biphasic and Kelvin models (first and second order generalized) for characterization of the viscoelastic tensile properties of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs from pigs and goats at a strain rate of 10 mm/min. We performed incremental stress-relaxation tests from 0 to 12% strain, in 4% strain steps on pig TMJ disc samples. In addition, to compare the outcomes of these models between species, we also performed a single-step stress-relaxation test of 10% strain. The transverse isotropic biphasic model yielded reliable fits in reference to the least root mean squared error method only at low strain, while the Kelvin models yielded good fits at both low and high strain, with the second order generalized Kelvin model yielding the best fit. When comparing pig to goat TMJ disc in 10% strain stress-relaxation test, unlike the other two Kelvin models, the transverse isotropic model did not fit well for this larger step. In conclusion, the second order Kelvin model showed the best fits to the experimental data of both species. The transverse isotropic biphasic model did not fit well with the experimental data, although better at low strain, suggesting that the assumption of water flow only applies while uncrimping the collagen fibers. Thus, it is likely that the permeability from the biphasic model is not truly representative, and other biphasic models, such as the poroviscoelastic model, would likely yield more meaningful outputs and should be explored in future works.

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