Sizing Methodology of Floating Photovoltaic Plants in Dams of Semi-Arid Areas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Jonas Platini Reges ◽  
Paulo C M Carvalho ◽  
José Carlos de Araújo ◽  
Tatiane Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Flood Duration ◽  
Reliability Level ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Plant Area ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract Floating photovoltaic (FPV) plants in reservoirs can contribute to reduce water evaporation, increase power generation efficiency, due to the cooling process, and reduce competitiveness in land use. Based on this motivation we propose a new methodology for sizing FPV plants in dams of semi-arid regions by using the Flood Duration Curve (FDC). The methodology innovations are: no use of commercial software, the possibility of choosing the reliability level, the application in reservoirs of semi-arid areas of the world and the use of a graphic analysis of the reservoir hydrological behavior. The case studies in the Brazilian and Australian semi-arid consider two scenarios: high reliability level (90%, scenario 1) and low reliability level (70%, scenario 2). The reliability level is linked to the electricity production; the evaporation reduction is proportional to the FPV plant area.

scholarly journals Simulation of Soil Water Evaporation during Freeze–Thaw Periods under Different Straw Mulch Thickness Conditions

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2003
Author(s):  
Junfeng Chen ◽  
Yizhao Wei ◽  
Xiping Zhao ◽  
Jing Xue ◽  
Shuyuan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Thaw Period ◽  
Semi Arid

Straw mulching is an effective agricultural technology to reduce soil water loss in arid and semi-arid areas. Herein, the soil temperature and soil water content of bare land (LD) and 5 cm (JG5), 10 cm (JG10), 15 cm (JG15), 20 cm (JG20) and 30 cm (JG30) straw mulch thicknesses were measured through field experiments performed to assess the soil water evaporation using the simultaneous heat and water model during a freeze–thaw period. The results showed that the inhibiting effect of straw mulching on soil water evaporation during the freeze-thaw period reached 24–56.7%, and straw mulch reduced the range of daily soil water evaporation by 2.02–2.48 mm, the effects of random factors on the daily soil water evaporation were significantly decreased. The highest soil water evaporation rate occurs during the unstable freezing stage, and the lowest occurs during the stable freezing stage. When the straw mulch thickness exceeded 10 cm, the effect of increasing straw mulch thickness on daily soil water evaporation was reduced. The straw mulch layer could not completely inhibit the effect of the external environment on soil water evaporation even when the straw mulch thickness was increased to 30 cm. This research results can provide a basis for the scientific evaluation and prevention of soil water evaporation in arid and semi-arid areas.

scholarly journals Formation of the River Water Chemistry in the Middle Section of Dousitu River, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-738
Author(s):  
Qian Hui ◽  
Li Peiyue ◽  
Ding Jia ◽  
Yang Chao ◽  
Zhang Xuedi
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
River Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Semi Arid

On basis of hydrogeology of the study area, the characteristics of chemistry of river water and groundwater were analyzed. Analysis results of three river water samples (B3, B4and B5) collected in the middle section of Dousitu River show the TDS increases from B3to B4and decreases from B4to B5. The concentrations of Cl-, Na+, K+, Mg2+and HCO3-have a similar change with TDS, but the concentrations of Ca2+and SO42-increase steadily along flow path. The chemical types of the river water change from HCO3•Cl-Na to Cl•SO4•HCO3-Na and finally to SO4•Cl-Na. The causes of these changes are analyzed and studied in depth using various methods. Results indicate river water evaporation, dissolution/precipitation of minerals, cation exchange and mixing of different waters all play important roles in the formation of the river water chemistry. But in different sections of the river, the main processes are different. The study shows that when a reservoir is built in arid areas, the loss of water resources due to evaporation is huge, which can lead to the degradation of water qualities. Hence, great care should be taken to build a reservoir in arid or semi-arid regions.

Environmental control of germination and dormancy of seeds of two cytotypes of Lygeum spartum L., a perennial grass of semi-arid and arid areas in Algeria

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderazak Djabeur ◽  
Meriem Kaid-Harche ◽  
Daniel Côme ◽  
Françoise Corbineau
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Semi Arid

Loosely coupled SaltMod for simulating groundwater and salt dynamics under well-canal conjunctive irrigation in semi-arid areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Mao ◽  
Jinzhong Yang ◽  
Yan Zhu ◽  
Ming Ye ◽  
Jingwei Wu
Keyword(s):  
Arid Areas ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Semi Arid

The use ofin vitrogas production to evaluate rumen fermentation of leaves of 24 browse species indigenous to semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
L. R. Ndlovu ◽  
L. Hove
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
Browse Species ◽  
Semi Arid

Browse species are important food resources in semi-arid areas, especially during the dry season when the nutritive value of grass is at its lowest. However, browse plants often contain secondary plant compounds which limit their nutritive value. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) (also called condensed tannins) and related flavonoids are a common constituent of woody plants in tropical regions (Mangan, 1988). PAs cause a bitter and astringent taste which lowers food palatability and they also lower the digestibility of proteins and carbohydrates (Jacksonet al., 1996). PAs also interfere with current chemical methods that are used for estimating nutritive value of foods (Reed, 1995). Biological assays, especially ,in vitrotechniques, have a potential to reflect better the nutritive value of foods that contain PAs. Thein vitrogas production technique has been found to reliably predict the nutritive value of temperate forages (Makkaret al., 1996). There has been limited research on its efficacy with tropical forages. The experiment reported here was conducted to test the hypothesis that gas production of tropical browse species reflects their content of fibre, protein and/or PAs.

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