scholarly journals Formation of the River Water Chemistry in the Middle Section of Dousitu River, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-738
Author(s):  
Qian Hui ◽  
Li Peiyue ◽  
Ding Jia ◽  
Yang Chao ◽  
Zhang Xuedi
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
River Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Semi Arid

On basis of hydrogeology of the study area, the characteristics of chemistry of river water and groundwater were analyzed. Analysis results of three river water samples (B3, B4and B5) collected in the middle section of Dousitu River show the TDS increases from B3to B4and decreases from B4to B5. The concentrations of Cl-, Na+, K+, Mg2+and HCO3-have a similar change with TDS, but the concentrations of Ca2+and SO42-increase steadily along flow path. The chemical types of the river water change from HCO3•Cl-Na to Cl•SO4•HCO3-Na and finally to SO4•Cl-Na. The causes of these changes are analyzed and studied in depth using various methods. Results indicate river water evaporation, dissolution/precipitation of minerals, cation exchange and mixing of different waters all play important roles in the formation of the river water chemistry. But in different sections of the river, the main processes are different. The study shows that when a reservoir is built in arid areas, the loss of water resources due to evaporation is huge, which can lead to the degradation of water qualities. Hence, great care should be taken to build a reservoir in arid or semi-arid regions.

Linkages between catchment characteristics and river water chemistry at the locality scale in the Ikpoba River, Southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
D.A. Edokpa ◽  
J.O. Obieroma
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
River Water Chemistry ◽  
Catchment Characteristics ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
Protection Strategies

This study explored the linkages between catchment characteristics (topography, land cover, soil and geology), average water chemistry (pH, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, iron, zinc and lead) and rainfall in the Ikpoba River catchment, southern Nigeria, using statistical and locality-based GIS analyses. The results show that sites with high rainfall and percentage cover of arable and sand-gravel-clay lithologies were characterized by high acidity. There were strong links between average nutrient (𝑃𝑂43−-P, 𝑁𝐻4+-N and 𝑁𝑂3−-N) concentrations and diffuse agricultural sources in the catchment. Rainfall was strongly related to 𝑆𝑂42−, 𝑃𝑂43−-P and 𝑁𝐻4+-N suggesting that atmospheric deposition may influence their riverine concentrations. Results also suggest that decomposition of organic matter from forest stands was a significant driver of nutrient concentrations. Although metals (Fe2+ and Zn2+) were positively related to bedrock geology of sand-gravel-clay, there was no clear link between Pb2+ and the catchment characteristics investigated. Wetlands was found to be attenuating river water chemistry especially 𝑆𝑂42−, 𝑃𝑂43−-P and 𝑁𝐻4+-N concentrations. To underpin current environmental protection strategies, there is need to integrate a GIS-based analysis approach with monitoring data to fully identify the variability patterns in river water chemistry dynamics at local and multiple scales of water resource management in Nigeria. Key words: river catchment, water quality, metals, nutrients, GIS.

scholarly journals Study on the hydro-chemistry process after mixing between water and rocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-114
Author(s):  
Xiuyan Jing ◽  
Hongbin Yang ◽  
Na Wang
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract The chemical evolution of groundwater has received close attention from hydro-geologists. Northwest China largely consists of arid and semi-arid regions, where surface water and groundwater frequently exchange with each other, and where the mixing and water–rock interactions significantly affect the direction of water quality evolution. Based on experimental simulation, this paper investigates the interactions among the Yellow River water, groundwater and rocks in Yinchuan. The study found that when groundwater is mixed with the Yellow River water, the Yellow River water has a certain dilution effect on the hydro-chemical composition of groundwater; however, this effect is not simply diluted by proportion for no reaction between irons, but a portion of calcium, sulfur, and carbonate form precipitates. After mixing of the Yellow River water, groundwater and rocks, the pH increased, and the carbon dioxide system reached equilibrium again. In addition, CO32− was produced. While Na+ increase was mainly due to dissolution, SO42− decrease was because of precipitation. The precipitation or dissolution of Ca2+, Mg2+, and CO32− mainly depended on the mixing ratio between groundwater and river water, which suggested the reversible behavior of the dissolution-precipitation of carbonate minerals.

INFLUENCE OF RUNOFF OF INORGANIC IONS FROM FOREST AND ORCHARD ON RIVER WATER CHEMISTRY

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 893-898
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki EGUSA ◽  
Tsutomu WASHIDA ◽  
Tatemasa HIRATA
Keyword(s):  
Water Chemistry ◽  
River Water ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
River Water Chemistry

scholarly journals HOUSEHOLD SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOICE OF AGRO-ADVISORY DISSEMINATION PATHWAYS IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF KENYA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debrah Onyango ◽  
Hezron Mogaka ◽  
Samuel Njiri Ndirangu ◽  
Kwena Kizito
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This work covers the dissemination of climate change adaptation information in arid and semi-arid regions of Kenya with the aim of improving the adaptive capacity of smallholder farmers through dissemination of well package technologies referred to as agro-advisories.

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