Grinding With Abrasive Disks: Part 3—Attritious Camber, Glazing, and Rate of Cut

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Mohun
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Total Metal ◽  
Worn Surface

It is shown that the worn surface of a grit has a camber which causes decreasing depth of cut, leading to glazing. Orthogonal cutting theory is modified accordingly and equations are developed for rate of cut and for total metal removed. It is shown that erect grain orientation favors high rate of cut on mild steel but is not a major factor in rate of cut on stainless steel. It is predicted that decreasing the number of active grits will improve disk performance up to the point where dressing becomes excessive.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation into Residual Stress During Turning Operation for Stainless Steel AISI 316

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (12A) ◽  
pp. 1862-1870
Author(s):  
Safa M. Lafta ◽  
Maan A. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Aisi 316

RS (residual stresses) represent the main role in the performance of structures and machined parts. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of feed rate with constant cutting speed and depth of cut on residual stresses in orthogonal cutting, using Tungsten carbide cutting tools when machining AISI 316 in turning operation. AISI 316 stainless steel was selected in experiments since it is used in many important industries such as chemical, petrochemical industries, power generation, electrical engineering, food and beverage industry. Four feed rates were selected (0.228, 0.16, 0.08 and 0.065) mm/rev when cutting speed is constant 71 mm/min and depth of cutting 2 mm. The experimental results of residual stresses were (-15.75, 12.84, 64.9, 37.74) MPa and the numerical results of residual stresses were (-15, 12, 59, and 37) MPa. The best value of residual stresses is (-15.75 and -15) MPa when it is in a compressive way. The results showed that the percentage error between numerical by using (ABAQUS/ CAE ver. 2017) and experimental work measured by X-ray diffraction is range (2-15) %.

Grinding With Abrasive Disks: Part 4—Grinding Power and Temperatures

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Mohun
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Grinding Efficiency ◽  
Grinding Power ◽  
Performance And Mechanism

Variations in power during disk grinding have been explained and equations developed to represent the power in terms of the grinding variables. It has been shown that depth of cut is below the critical magnitude so that ultimate shear strength of the metal is involved for all but the initial 30 to 120 seconds of grinding. It has also been shown that the coefficient of friction is higher against stainless steel than against mild steel, and that the basic differences in performance and mechanism on these two metals originate in this property. Photomicrographs of microflats are shown. The mechanism of microdressing is explained in terms of thermal shock and mechanical impact in relation to the effect of applied load upon grinding efficiency.

Grinding With Abrasive Disks: Part 2—Disk Performance and Dressing Mechanisms

1962 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
W. A. Mohun
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Total Weight

Performance data for 24-grit aluminum oxide disks on mild steel and on stainless steel are presented. The dressing mechanisms are shown to be different on mild steel and on stainless steel since the whole grit is the cutting tool on mild steel while micropoints are the cutting tools on stainless steel. It is shown that the total weight of metal removed during the life of the disk depends primarily on how long the dressing mechanism continues to function, and that erect grain orientation favors dressing on mild steel but is not a factor in dressing on stainless steel.

scholarly journals MODELLING OF RESPONSES FROM ORTHOGONAL METAL CUTTING OF MILD STEEL USING CARBIDE INSERT TOOL

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-109
Author(s):  
MK Onifade ◽  
AC Igboanugo ◽  
JO Osarenmwinda
Keyword(s):  
Mild Steel ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Orthogonal Metal Cutting

The purpose of this research was to develop models for the prediction of responses from orthogonal metal cutting process that are responsible for the machinability ratings of this technological system. Mild steel work-piece material that is representative sample for various industrial applications was machined. The various industrial applications of this representative sample range from mechanical shafts to fasteners, screws and hydraulic jack. These machine elements require high degree of surface finish. A fifteen-run based Box-Behnken response surface design was created using widely established machining parameters, namely cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The optimum predicted responses from the orthogonal cutting process for the optimal process parameters are 0.1742 micron, 0.4933 micron, 0.1845 micron, 0.3673 micron, 794.6839 seconds and 19.642 seconds for the Ra, Rz, Rq, Rt, TL and M/C time respectively. The associated desirabilities for these optimum responses are 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000, 1.000000, 0.524122, and 0.361858 respectively.   http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.13

Comparison of Process Parameters on Mild Steel and SS304 Through Statistical Analysis of Optimization Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 888-893
Author(s):  
Vinit Kumar ◽  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Rajnish Singh ◽  
Shashank Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Stainless Steel 304

The present study concentrated on the variation of process parameters on metal removal rate (MRR) used in turning of widely used material (stainless steel 304 and Mild steel). Turning is essential and robust process of material removal in the form of chips. The Turning process involved lots of process parameters as tool geometry, feed rate, rotational speed of job and rigidity of machine tools etc. In the present work study was done on the following cutting parameters as cutting speed (85,150 and 250 rpm), feed rate (0.13, 0.28 and 0.15, 0.09 mm/sec), depth of cut (0.4, 0.7 and 1 mm). The three label orthogonal array for process parameters were selected for metal removal rate analysis. The carbide tipped cutting tool was selected as cutting tool of positive rake angle. The analysis of process parameters was done through Minitab 17 software. The orthogonal array was selected 3*3; by the use of signal to noise (S/N) ratio is to minimise the variation due to uncontrolled parameters with the help of Taguchi method. Total nine experiments were performing on stainless steel and other set of nine experiments were perform on the mild steel. The experimental results reveals that moderate cutting speed 150 rpm, 0.09 mm/sec feed rate and 1 mm depth of cut yield good results for stainless steel 304 grade and mild steel.

Studying The Effect of a New Mixed Cutting Fluid on Surface Roughness

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (11A) ◽  
pp. 1593-1601
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Shaker ◽  
Salah K. Jawad ◽  
Maan A. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This research studied the influence of cutting fluids and cutting parameters on the surface roughness for stainless steel worked by turning machine in dry and wet cutting cases. The work was done with different cutting speeds, and feed rates with a fixed depth of cutting. During the machining process, heat was generated and effects of higher surface roughness of work material. In this study, the effects of some cutting fluids, and dry cutting on surface roughness have been examined in turning of AISI316 stainless steel material. Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate (SLES) instead of other soluble oils has been used and compared to dry machining processes. Experiments have been performed at four cutting speeds (60, 95, 155, 240) m/min, feed rates (0.065, 0.08, 0.096, 0.114) mm/rev. and constant depth of cut (0.5) mm. The amount of decrease in Ra after the used suggested mixture arrived at (0.21µm), while Ra exceeded (1µm) in case of soluble oils This means the suggested mixture gave the best results of lubricating properties than other cases.

Effects of Insert Nose Radius and Processing Cutting Parameter on the Surface Roughness of Aisi 316 Stainless Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 447-448 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Mohd Fazuri Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Jaharah A. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Nose Radius ◽  
Aisi 316

The effects of different cutting parameters, insert nose radius, cutting speed and feed rates on the surface quality of the stainless steel to be use in medical application. Stainless steel AISI 316 had been machined with three different nose radiuses (0.4 mm 0.8 mm, and 1.2mm), three different cutting speeds (100, 130, 170 m/min) and feed rates (0.1, 0.125, 0.16 mm/rev) while depth of cut keep constant at (0.4 mm). It is seen that the insert nose radius, feed rates, and cutting speed have different effect on the surface roughness. The minimum average surface roughness (0.225µm) has been measured using the nose radius insert (1.2 mm) at lowest feed rate (0.1 mm/rev). The highest surface roughness (1.838µm) has been measured with nose radius insert (0.4 mm) at highest feed rate (0.16 mm/rev). The analysis of ANOVA showed the cutting speed is not dominant in processing for the fine surface finish compared with feed rate and nose radius. Conclusion, surface roughness is decreasing with decreasing of the feed rate. High nose radius produce better surface finish than small nose radius because of the maximum uncut chip thickness decreases with increase of nose radius.

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