The Tribological Characteristic of the Blends of Rbd Palm Olein with Mineral Oil Using Four-ball Tribotester

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan Jabal ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
S. Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Mineral Lubricant ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

Vegetable oils are sustainable fluids which have been promoted to replace petroleum-based oils due to its environment friendly characteristics; it is being a very important supply of biolubricant. The excellent advantage of vegetable oil is the fact it is really which can be used environment friendly supplier. In addition, vegetable oil based lubricant clearly show the possibility to minimize carbon monoxide also hydrocarbon emissions when used in IC engines. There are basically two different ways to using vegetable oil to be a bio-lubricant, either one by directly use the pure vegetable oil with additives or use certain blending ratio of vegetable oil with mineral lubricant. In this paper, the influences of the blending ratio of mineral oil with RBD palm olein on the tribological characteristics were investigated and compared with commercial lubricant oil by using the four ball tribotester. The blending ratio was varied from neat with interval of 20% by volume. All experimental works were conforming to ASTM D4172. The results exhibited that the blend of RBD palm olein with commercial lubricant oil has lower the wear scar of ball bearings and coefficient of friction compared to commercial lubricant oil. As a conclusion, the blending of RBD palm olein with commercial lubricant oil has better performance compared to commercial lubricant oil or pure RBD palm olein.

The Tribological Characteristics of RBD Palm Olein with Jatropha Oil Blend Using Four-Ball Tribotester with Different Normal Loads

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 499-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani ◽  
Samion Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Oil Blend ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

Vegetable oils are bio-fluids that could replace petroleum-based products due to its environment friendly characteristics and becoming an important source of bio-lubricants. The great advantage of vegetable oils is that they are widely available, renewable source of bio-lubricants. Moreover, vegetable oil based lubricant have shown the potential to reduce carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon emissions when operated in engines. There are two ways to use vegetable oil as a bio-lubricant, either use directly the neat vegetable oil without any additives or use with certain blending ratio of the vegetable oil with mineral lubricant. In this paper, the influences of the normal load on the tribological characteristics for the blending of two types of vegetable oils were investigated and compared with commercial lubricant oil by the use of the four ball tribotester. The vegetable blends are RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil ratio of RBD40/J60. All experimental works were conforming to ASTM D4172. The results exhibited that the both blending of RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil has lower the wear scar of ball bearings and coefficient of friction compared to commercial lubricant oil. As a conclusion, the blending of RBD palm olein and Jatropha oil has better performance compared to commercial lubricant oil or neat RBD palm olein.

THE TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CACTUS AND MINERAL OIL BLENDS USING FOUR-BALL TRIBOTESTER

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hassan ◽  
S. Syahrullail ◽  
Farid Nasir Ani
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Tribological Characteristics ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Commercial Lubricant

The oil derived from vegetables has been seen as an alternative to mineral oils for lubricants because of certain inherent technical properties, renewable source and their abilities to biodegrade. Vegetable oil is known to have a high viscosity index with a higher lubricity value compared to mineral oil. Despite its potentiality as a candidate alternative, vegetable oil has several limitations. It has a low wear resistance, and it is highly sensitive to temperatures with tribological characteristics. The majority of technical solutions, including additivation, chemical alterations, and blending, are being proposed as means of overcoming the listed limitations. This study seeks to investigate the characteristics of cactus oil with respect to its use as a bio-lubricant as well as the characteristics of environmentally friendly vegetable oil when they are mixed with mineral oils as alternative oil for petroleum, using the four-ball tribotester. The volumetric blending ratio was varied (20% to 80%) and these blends were performed at 1200 rpm, for one hour, with 40 kg of load at a temperature of 75ºC (ASTM D4172-B) standard. According to the results, it was found that the lowest wear scar diameter was 431.23µm, which was identified in the blend of 20% cactus oil with 80% mineral oil which symbolized by (CC20%), compared to that of neat cactus oil at 669.16 µm and mineral oil at 546.46 µm.In addition, the result also indicates that a 80% addition of cactus oil, the coefficient of friction tends to decrease compared to the values of neat cactus oil. Finally, it is concluded, the blends of cactus oil with commercial lubricant oil have better performance compared to commercial lubricant oil or neat cactus oil.

Friction Characteristics of RBD Palm Olein Using Four-Ball Tribotester

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 936-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samion Syahrullail ◽  
Jazair Yahya Wira ◽  
W.B. Wan Nik ◽  
W.N. Fawwaz
Keyword(s):  
Palm Olein ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Frictional Torque ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Temperature Work

In this study, the effect of load on the tribological performance of RBD palm olein is investigated using a four-ball wear tester according to the standard test of ASTM D4172. Tests were conducted with 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg normal loads. The experimental temperature and rotational speed were held constant at 75 °C and 1200 rpm, respectively. The test duration was 60 minutes in all cases. For each load, the tribological properties of RBD palm olein were compared with the properties of additive-free paraffinic mineral oil. The results focused on the frictional torque, wear scar diameter, friction coefficient and the flash temperature. Following the completion of the wear test experiments, the ball wear condition and lubricant properties were observed. These results show that RBD palm olein has a lower coefficient of friction than paraffinic mineral oil; however showed a high oxidation effect under high temperature work conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the biodegradation of different types of lubricant oils in liquid medium

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1285-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Renato Matos Lopes ◽  
Ederio Dino Bidoia
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Synthetic Oil ◽  
Used Oil ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mineral Lubricant ◽  
Used Lubricant Oil

The aim of this work was to study the biodegradation of different types of automotive lubricant oils adapted to the aqueous medium using a base inoculum and an aqueous inoculum. Four treatments were carried out in two consecutive and similar experiments: T1 (control); T2 (half-synthetic oil); T3 (mineral oil); T4 (used oil). The results showed the following decreasing order of CO2 production in the Bartha and Pramer respirometers: T4 > T2 > T3 > T1. Thus, the used lubricant oil showed with highest biodegradability, followed by the half-synthetic one and the mineral oil. It was also observed that the mineral lubricant presented a longer period of adaptation compared to the half-synthetic one.

The Effect of Sliding Speed on Friction and Wear of RBD Palm Olein

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 951-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samion Syahrullail ◽  
Jazair Yahya Wira ◽  
W.B. Wan Nik ◽  
Chiong Ing Tiong
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Sliding Speed ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein

In this paper, the effect of sliding speed on the anti-friction of RBD palm olein was investigated using four-ball tribotester. The speeds were varied from 800 to 1400 rpm. The normal load was set to 40 kg and the test oil was heated up to 75 °C before the experiments. The result showed that palm olein has low friction coefficient compared to additive-free paraffinic mineral oil.

scholarly journals Friction Resistance of Refined, Bleached and Deodorized (RBD) Palm Olein Using Modified Pin-on-disk Tribotester

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Izhan ◽  
A. K. Mohammed Rafiq ◽  
S. Syahrullail
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Wear Friction ◽  
Pin On Disk

Daya geseran untuk minyak sawit olein yang ditapis, diluntur dan dinyahbau (RBD olein) telah dinilai dengan menggunakan alat tribotester pin-atas-cakera. RBD olein telah dipilih kerana sifat-sifat unggul tribologi dan pengeluarannya yang besar di Malaysia. Dalam kajian ini, 5ml minyak RBD olein telah digunakan pada cakera beralur. Pin yang mempunyai hujung rata telah digunakan sebagai bahan ujikaji. Cakera dan pin diperbuat daripada titanium alloy. Beban normal yang dikenakan pada pin ialah 4.96N dan 19.68N. Ujikaji telah dijalankan selama satu jam. Kadar haus pin dan pekali geseran telah dikira. Ujikaji yang sama telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan minyak hidraulik komersial dan minyak mineral jenis parafinik yang tidak mengandungi bahan tambah. Pekali geseran yang dihasilkan oleh pelinciran minyak sawit RBD olein adalah terendah berbanding minyak mineral parafinik pada kedua-dua jenis beban(4.96N dan 19.68N). Bagaimanapun, minyak sawit RBD olein menunjukkan kadar haus yang tinggi berbanding minyak mineral parafinik pada beban normal 19.68N. Kata kunci: Pin-atas-cakera; minyak sawit; palm olein; haus; pekali geseran A friction resistance of refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm olein was evaluated using a modified pin-on-disk tribotester. RBD palm olein was selected due to its superior tribological properties and large production in Malaysia. In this research, 5ml of RBD palm olein was applied on the rotating grooved-disk. The flat-ended pin was used as a specimen. The material was titanium for both pin and disk. The normal loads applied are 4.96N and 19.68N. The experiments were run for one hour. The wear rate of the pin and friction coefficient was calculated. Same experiments were conducted using commercial hydraulic oil and additive-free paraffinic mineral oil. The results were compared with RBD palm olein. The friction coefficient with the lubrication of RBD palm olein was the lowest for 4.96N and 19.68N under normal load conditions. Wear rate obtained by RBD palm olein at normal load 4.96N was the lowest; however, RBD palm olein showed a high wear rate when high normal load (19.68N) was applied. Keywords: Pin-on-disk; palm oil; palm olein; wear; friction coefficient

Evaluation of Palm Olein as Shaft Lubricant

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 479-483
Author(s):  
Norzahir Sapawe ◽  
Samion Syahrullail ◽  
Farizudin Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Friction Force ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Oil Utilization ◽  
Point Parameter

The demand and usage of vegetable oil utilization in lubricants for many applications increased prompting by continued growing environmental concerns. Today, vegetable oil attracts attention as biodegradable alternates for synthetic esters because they are cheaper and can be obtained from sources that are renewable. The main objectives of this experiment were to measure the friction force at various speeds and to observe the surface roughness before and after experiment. In this experiment, RBD palm olein as represented vegetable oil has been tested by compare the result with fully synthetic oil and mineral-based oil by using modified pin-on-disc machine. Pure RBD palm olein, recorded only 7.4% of increment of maximum friction force compared to results for mineral-based oil. Observation based on surface roughness show that RBD palm olein works as effective as fully synthetic and mineral-based oil since only 14.6% increment of overall surface roughness for the whole shaft. Therefore, the performance of vegetable oil which in this experiment is RBD palm olein, can be improve by adding additive so increase it properties such as can withstand at high load, high flash point parameter, small wear scar diameter, less oxidation rate, and coefficient of friction.

Wear Behavior of Titanium Alloy Lubricated with Palm Olein as Bio-Lubricant Using Pin-On-Disk Tester

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahrullail Samion ◽  
Mohd Izhan Ibrahim ◽  
Nor Azwadi Che Sidik ◽  
Mohammad Nazri Mohd Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Hydraulic Oil ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein ◽  
Pin On Disk

The wear mechanism of titanium alloy lubricated with fixed amount of palm olein was investigated using modified pin-on-disk tester. Titanium alloy has high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent mechanical properties such as superb corrosion resistance. This make titanium alloy was chosen for the critical or high temperature/pressure application such as turbine engine parts. Palm oil was chosen for the development of bio-lubricant to replace or minimize the usage mineral oil base lubricant. Palm oil is a vegetable oil which is non-toxic to human and has high decomposition rate. These factors give advantages to palm oil to be produce as an industrial lubricant. The experimental works were performed using a pin-on-disk tribotester, using titanium as the material for both flat ended pin and grooved disk. The test were implemented by dripping 5ml of RBD palm olein as a lubricating oil on the sliding surface at constant speed, which was 0.5m/s using different loads, which were 5N, 20N, 40N and 80N. In this study, the wear rate of the pin and friction coefficient were investigated. The weight loss and surface roughness before and after experiment were analyzed. All the results obtained were compared to commercial hydraulic oil and additive-free paraffinic mineral oil. From the analysis, the friction coefficient acquired with lubrication of RBD palm olein was the lowest compared to commercial hydraulic oil and additive-free paraffinic mineral oil at all loads applied. It could be concluded that RBD palm olein has good lubricity performance and has the capability to be developed as a lubricant. 

scholarly journals Accumulated and weekly CO2 production by lubricant and soy oil biodegradation in aqueous media by aerobic respirometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (76/81) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Renato Matos Lopes ◽  
Renato Nallin Montagnolli ◽  
Ederio Dino Bidoia
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Oil Biodegradation ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
The Impact

Petroleum activities have caused great concern due to the impact of major contamination it and its composites havecaused to nature, mainly to aquatic environments. Among the physical, chemical and biological methods available toremediate wastewater contaminated with hydrocarbons bioremediation is considered an environment-friendly and relativelycost-effective technology. That is due to the biodegradation the process is based on, using microbial populationsin the contaminated environment remediation. The objective of this study was to assess biodegradation in contaminatedaqueous media contamined by automotive lubricant oils and vegetable oils using respirometry technique. The Bartha andPramer’s respirometric method promotes CO2 quantification in the respirometers. The used lubricant oil had higher CO2production and the used vegetable oil was more biodegradable than the still unused vegetable oil. However, these vegetableoils were less biodegraded due to the presence of TBHQ preservative in their composition, thus causing a reductionin CO2 production. Thus, an environmental behavior analysis of lubricant and vegetable oils is important to provide newstrategies in treating contaminated environments.

Wear Behaviour of Palm Olein at Different Operating Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Samion Syahrullail ◽  
Tiong Chiong Ing
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Palm Olein ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
Rbd Palm Olein

One of the main disadvantages of vegetable oil as an industrial lubricant is its poor performance at high temperature. In this experimental work, the performance of refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) palm olein was tested at different operating temperatures using four-ball tribometer, following the procedure of ASTM D 4172. The result produced by RBD palm olein was compared with the result by additive free paraffinic mineral oil. The result showed that the RBD palm olein had lower coefficient of friction compared to the paraffinic mineral oil. However, the wear scars on the ball bearings surface lubricated with RBD palm olein were larger compared to those lubricated with paraffinic mineral oil.

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