scholarly journals Cross-Language Activation Begins During Speech Planning and Extends Into Second Language Speech

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Jacobs ◽  
Melinda Fricke ◽  
Judith F. Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Speech Planning ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language

scholarly journals The time course of cross-language activation in deaf ASL–English bilinguals

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
JILL P. MORFORD ◽  
CORRINE OCCHINO-KEHOE ◽  
PILAR PIÑAR ◽  
ERIN WILKINSON ◽  
JUDITH F. KROLL
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Semantic Similarity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Rule Out

What is the time course of cross-language activation in deaf sign–print bilinguals? Prior studies demonstrating cross-language activation in deaf bilinguals used paradigms that would allow strategic or conscious translation. This study investigates whether cross-language activation can be eliminated by reducing the time available for lexical processing. Deaf ASL–English bilinguals and hearing English monolinguals viewed pairs of English words and judged their semantic similarity. Half of the stimuli had phonologically related translations in ASL, but participants saw only English words. We replicated prior findings of cross-language activation despite the introduction of a much faster rate of presentation. Further, the deaf bilinguals were as fast or faster than hearing monolinguals despite the fact that the task was in their second language. The results allow us to rule out the possibility that deaf ASL–English bilinguals only activate ASL phonological forms when given ample time for strategic or conscious translation across their two languages.

Is there cross-language modulation when bilinguals process number words?

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO MACIZO ◽  
AMPARO HERRERA ◽  
DANIELA PAOLIERI ◽  
PATRICIA ROMÁN
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Compatibility Effect ◽  
First Language ◽  
Unit Distance ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTThis study explores the possibility of cross-language activation when bilinguals process number words in their first language (Italian) and their second language (German). Italian monolinguals (Experiment 1), German monolinguals (Experiment 2), and Italian/German bilinguals (Experiment 3) were required to decide the larger of two number words while the unit–decade compatibility effect was examined. For compatible trials the decade and unit comparisons lead to the same response (e.g., 24–67), whereas for incompatible trials the decade and unit comparisons lead to different responses (e.g., 27–64). The regular unit–decade compatibility effect was significant when bilinguals and monolinguals performed the comparison in German. However, this effect was not found when bilinguals and monolinguals performed the task in Italian. In addition, the decade distance played a major role when bilinguals processed in their first language, whereas the unit distance was more important when they worked in their second language. These results indicate that the processing of number words in one language is not modulated by the way bilinguals process number words in their alternative language.

Psycholinguistic perspectives on second language learning and bilingualism

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith F. Kroll ◽  
Cari A. Bogulski ◽  
Rhonda McClain
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
First Language ◽  
Language System ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Selection Of

Recent psycholinguistic research demonstrates that using a second language has consequences for the first language (e.g. Dussias, 2003; Van Hell & Dijkstra, 2002) and for domain-general cognitive processes (Bialystok, 2005). This work suggests that the language system is permeable, with cross-language exchange at every level of processing (Malt & Sloman, 2003). Critically, even proficient bilinguals appear unable to switch off the language not in use when they hear, read, or speak one language alone (e.g. Dijkstra, 2005; Kroll, Bobb, & Wodniecka, 2006; Marian & Spivey, 2003), creating cross-language competition. In this article, we describe research that considers how cross-language activation is modulated during spoken production and during the earliest stages of second language learning. We hypothesize that the open nature of the bilingual�s language system may create optimal conditions for new language learning and also for enhanced cognitive control that enables effective selection of the language to be spoken.

Modulating Cross-Language Activation in Spoken Production: Evidence From Primed Picture Naming

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Wodniecka ◽  
Susan Bobb ◽  
Judith F. Kroll ◽  
David W. Green
Keyword(s):  
Picture Naming ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Cross Language
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