Local stress measurements in packaging by Raman spectroscopy

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
M. Chan ◽  
I. De Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Stress Measurements

scholarly journals Local stress measurements in laterally oxidized GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs heterostructures by micro-Raman spectroscopy

1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (17) ◽  
pp. 2520-2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Landesman ◽  
A. Fiore ◽  
J. Nagle ◽  
V. Berger ◽  
E. Rosencher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy

Raman Spectroscopy: A Unique Tool for the Study of Thin Films

2000 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid De Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Micro Raman Spectroscopy

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the different applications of Raman spectroscopy for the study of thin films is briefly discussed, using examples from microelectronics. Special attention is given to the application of micro-Raman spectroscopy for the measurement of local stress in and near films.

Localized High-Resolution Stress Measurements on MEMS Structures

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Vogel ◽  
Astrid Gollhardt ◽  
Bernd Michel
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Stress Relief ◽  
Stokes Line ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Electron Backscattering

Three different methods of stress measurement with strong spatial resolution are presented. They base on stress relief techniques caused by focused ion beam milling, on altered electron backscattering by deformed lattices and on Stokes line shift measurements by Raman spectroscopy. The capability of these methods is demonstrated by their application to typical MEMS structures. A comparison between the methods is performed in order to outline potentials and limitations.

scholarly journals A Surface Integral Method for Determining Ice Loads on Offshore Structures from In Situ Measurements

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Integral Method ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Surface Integral ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Ice Loads ◽  
Ice Failure ◽  
Stress Variations

Two methods are presented for calculating ice loads on structures using measurements from sensors imbedded in a floating ice sheet and from instruments attached to a structure. The first method uses a mathematical model describing ice/structure interaction for a cylindrical structure to interpret stress measurements. This technique requires only a few sensors to develop an estimate of ice loads, However, analytical and experimental results indicate that using a mathematical model to interpret stress measurements can result in inaccurate load estimates due to uncertainty in the accuracy of the model and and the uncertainty of using local ice stresses to calculate total ice forces. The second method of calculating ice loads on structures utilizes Euler and Cauchy’s stress principle. In this, the surface integral method, the force acting on a structure is determined by summing the stress vectors acting on a surface which encompasses the structure. Application of this technique requires that the shear and normal components of stress be known along the surface. Sensors must be spaced close enough together so that local stress variations due to the process of ice failure around a structure can be detected. The surface integral method is a useful technique for interpreting load and stress measurements since a knowledge of the mechanism of ice/structure interactions is not needed. The accuracy of the method is determined by the density of sensors along the surface. A disadvantage of the technique is that a relatively large number of sensors are needed to determine the stress tensor along the surface of interest.The surface integral method can be used to examine the effects of grounded ice rubble on structural ice loads. Two instrumented surfaces, one enclosing a structure and the other enclosing the structure and rubble field can be used to estimate the load acting only on the structure and also on the structure/ rubble-field system.

Evaluation of local stress of carbon materials by Raman spectroscopy

1990 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Kitajima ◽  
Kazutaka Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Local Stress
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