Molecular and cellular determinants of motor asymmetry in zebrafish

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.1101/666594 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eric J. Horstick ◽

Yared Bayleyen ◽

Harold A. Burgess

Keyword(s):

Visual Information ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Developmental Pathways ◽

Human Hand ◽

Motor Asymmetry ◽

Zebrafish Larvae ◽

Developmental Signaling ◽

Functional Lateralization

AbstractAsymmetries in motor behavior, such as human hand preference, are observed throughout bilateria. However, neural substrates and developmental signaling pathways that impose underlying functional lateralization on a broadly symmetric nervous system are unknown. Here we report that in the absence of over-riding visual information, zebrafish larvae show intrinsic lateralized motor behavior that is mediated by a cluster of 60 posterior tuberculum (PT) neurons in the forebrain. PT neurons impose motor bias via a projection through the epithalamic commissure to the habenula. Acquisition of left/right identity is disrupted by heterozygous mutations in mosaic eyes and mindbomb, genes that regulate Notch signaling. These results define the neuronal substrate for motor asymmetry in a vertebrate and support the idea that developmental pathways that establish visceral asymmetries also govern acquisition of left/right identity.

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Making the World Behave: A New Embodied Account on Mobile Paradigm

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnsys.2021.643526 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Umay Sen ◽

Gustaf Gredebäck

Keyword(s):

Visual Information ◽

Motor Behavior ◽

Empirical Work ◽

Dorsal Stream ◽

Embodied Experience ◽

Learning Mechanisms ◽

Distributed Information ◽

Young Infants ◽

The World ◽

Sensorimotor Contingencies

In this review article, we describe the mobile paradigm, a method used for more than 50 years to assess how infants learn and remember sensorimotor contingencies. The literature on the mobile paradigm demonstrates that infants below 6 months of age can remember the learning environment weeks after when reminded periodically and integrate temporally distributed information across modalities. The latter ability is only possible if events occur within a temporal window of a few days, and the width of this required window changes as a function of age. A major critique of these conclusions is that the majority of this literature has neglected the embodied experience, such that motor behavior was considered an equivalent developmental substitute for verbal behavior. Over recent years, simulation and empirical work have highlighted the sensorimotor aspect and opened up a discussion for possible learning mechanisms and variability in motor preferences of young infants. In line with this recent direction, we present a new embodied account on the mobile paradigm which argues that learning sensorimotor contingencies is a core feature of development forming the basis for active exploration of the world and body. In addition to better explaining recent findings, this new framework aims to replace the dis-embodied approach to the mobile paradigm with a new understanding that focuses on variance and representations grounded in sensorimotor experience. Finally, we discuss a potential role for the dorsal stream which might be responsible for guiding action according to visual information, while infants learn sensorimotor contingencies in the mobile paradigm.

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Neural substrates of visual percepts, imagery, and hallucinations

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x02350040 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 194-195

Author(s):

Stephen Grossberg

Keyword(s):

Visual Attention ◽

Normal Control ◽

Mental Imagery ◽

Visual Information ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Visual Hallucinations ◽

Neural Models ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up

Recent neural models clarify many properties of mental imagery as part of the process whereby bottom-up visual information is influenced by top-down expectations, and how these expectations control visual attention. Volitional signals can transform modulatory top-down signals into supra-threshold imagery. Visual hallucinations can occur when the normal control of these volitional signals is lost.

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Multiple Neuronal Networks Mediate Sustained Attention

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/089892903770007416 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. 1028-1038 ◽

Cited By ~ 216

Author(s):

Natalia S. Lawrence ◽

Thomas J. Ross ◽

Ray Hoffmann ◽

Hugh Garavan ◽

Elliot A. Stein

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Sustained Attention ◽

Visual Information ◽

Cognitive Strategies ◽

Vigilance Task ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽

The Neural Networks ◽

Task Irrelevant

Sustained attention deficits occur in several neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To that end, functional MRI was used to investigate the neural substrates of sustained attention (vigilance) using the rapid visual information processing (RVIP) task in 25 healthy volunteers. In order to better understand the neural networks underlying attentional abilities, brain regions where task-induced activation correlated with task performance were identified. Performance of the RVIP task activated a network of frontal, parietal, occipital, thalamic, and cerebellar regions. Deactivation during task performance was seen in the anterior and posterior cingulate, insula, and the left temporal and parahippocampal gyrus. Good task performance, as defined by better detection of target stimuli, was correlated with enhanced activation in predominantly right fronto-parietal regions and with decreased activation in predominantly left temporo-limbic and cingulate areas. Factor analysis revealed that these performance-correlated regions were grouped into two separate networks comprised of positively activated and negatively activated intercorrelated regions. Poor performers failed to significantly activate or deactivate these networks, whereas good performers either activated the positive or deactivated the negative network, or did both. The fact that both increased activation of task-specific areas and increased deactivation of task-irrelevant areas mediate cognitive functions underlying good RVIP task performance suggests two independent circuits, presumably reflecting different cognitive strategies, can be recruited to perform this vigilance task.

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Developmental origins of variation in human hand preference

Genetica ◽

10.1007/bf02424521 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 89 (1-3) ◽

pp. 281-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Ronald A. Yeo ◽

Steven W. Gangestad

Keyword(s):

Hand Preference ◽

Human Hand ◽

Developmental Origins

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Monitoring Tectal Neuronal Activities and Motor Behavior in Zebrafish Larvae

Cold Spring Harbor Protocols ◽

10.1101/pdb.prot077131 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 (9) ◽

pp. pdb.prot077131 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Germán Sumbre ◽

Mu-Ming Poo

Keyword(s):

Motor Behavior ◽

Zebrafish Larvae

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The rodent hippocampus as a bilateral structure: A review of hemispheric lateralization

10.1101/150193 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jake T. Jordan

Keyword(s):

Brain Region ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Right Hemisphere ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Hemispheric Lateralization ◽

Hemispheric Differences ◽

Functional Lateralization ◽

Left And Right ◽

The Right ◽

Behavior And Cognition

AbstractThe left and right rodent hippocampi exhibit striking lateralization in some of the very neural substrates considered to be critical for hippocampal cognitive function. Despite this, there is an overwhelming lack of consideration for hemispheric differences in studies of the rodent hippocampus. Asymmetries identified so far suggest that a bilateral model of the hippocampus will be essential for an understanding of this brain region, and perhaps of the brain more widely. Although hypotheses have been proposed to explain how the left and right hippocampi contribute to behavior and cognition, these hypotheses have either been refuted by more recent studies or have been limited in the scope of data they explain. Here, I will first review data on human and rodent hippocampal lateralization. The implications of these data suggest that considering the hippocampus as a bilateral structure with functional lateralization will be critical moving forward in understanding the function and mechanisms of this brain region. In exploring these implications, I will then propose a hypothesis of the hippocampus as a bilateral structure. This discrete-continuous (DC) hypothesis proposes that the left and right hippocampi contribute to spatial memory and navigation in a complementary manner. Specifically, the left hemisphere stores spatial information as discrete, salient locations and that the right hemisphere represents space continuously, contributing to route computation and flexible spatial navigation. Consideration of hippocampal lateralization in designing future studies may provide insight into the function of the hippocampus and resolve debates concerning its function.

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Global lateral preference inventory

Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior ◽

10.20338/bjmb.v6i3.178 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 14-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Everton de A. Marim ◽

Regina Lafasse ◽

Victor H. A. Okazaki

Keyword(s):

Motor Behavior ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Lateral Preference ◽

Eye Preference ◽

Quantitative Manner ◽

Different Dimensions ◽

Preference Inventory ◽

Diagnostic Applications

This study developed and validated the contents of an inventory of global lateral preference (IPLAG) that can be applied as self-assessment which included representing everyday tasks and different dimensions of laterality, such as (a) hand preference, (b) foot preference, (c) trunk preference, (d) eye preference, and (e) ear preference. To validate the IPLAG, it was referred for evaluation of content by professional doctors in the area of Motor Behavior in Brazil. It was analyzed the coherence of the task with the lateral dimension proposed, the understanding of the statement in the proposed task, suggestions for modification in the description of the proposed tasks, also allowing the reviewers to suggest other tasks for the inventory, and other suggestions for the inventory improvement. The analysis of the suggestions from the reviewers was held in a quantitative manner, using absolute and relative frequency of the notes supplied by the evaluators, and qualitatively by a Likert scale established in the instrument provided to reviewers. Evaluators’ analyses pointed to the quality of IPLAG as a feature for assessing global lateral preference. Therefore, the IPLAG may be an interesting feature for research and practical diagnostic applications related to the different manifestations of human laterality.

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