scholarly journals SkinnerTrax: high-throughput behavior-dependent optogenetic stimulation of Drosophila

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Stern ◽  
Chung-Hui Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Cns Neurons ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractWhile red-shifted channelrhodopsin has been shown to be highly effective in activating CNS neurons in freely moving Drosophila, there were no existing high-throughput tools for closed-loop, behavior-dependent optogenetic stimulation of Drosophila. Here, we present SkinnerTrax to fill this void. SkinnerTrax stimulates individual flies promptly in response to their being at specific positions or performing specific actions. Importantly, SkinnerTrax was designed for and achieves significant throughput with simple and inexpensive components.

scholarly journals Transient effect of mossy fiber stimulation on spatial firing of CA3 neurons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonyeup Lee ◽  
Miru Yun ◽  
Eunjae Cho ◽  
Jong Won Lee ◽  
Doyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Mossy Fibers ◽  
Transient Effect ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Place Fields ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Ca3 Neurons ◽  
Fiber Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractStrong hippocampal mossy fiber synapses are thought to function as detonators, imposing ‘teaching’ signals onto CA3 neurons during new memory formation. For an empirical test of this long-standing view, we examined effects of stimulating mossy fibers on spatial firing of CA3 neurons in freely-moving mice. We found that optogenetic stimulation of mossy fibers can alter CA3 spatial firing, but their effects are only transient. Spatially restricted mossy fiber stimulation, either congruent or incongruent with CA3 place fields, was more likely to suppress than enhance CA3 neuronal activity. Also, changes in spatial firing induced by optogenetic stimulation reverted immediately upon stimulation termination, leaving CA3 place fields unaltered. Our results do not support the traditional view that mossy fibers impose teaching signals onto CA3 network, and show robustness of established CA3 spatial representations.

scholarly journals The STROBE: a system for closed-looped optogenetic control of freely feeding flies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yves Musso ◽  
Pierre Junca ◽  
Meghan Jelen ◽  
Damian Feldman-Kiss ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Mushroom Body ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Neural Excitation ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Feeding Circuits

AbstractManipulating feeding circuits in freely moving animals is challenging, in part because the timing of sensory inputs is affected by the animal’s behavior. To address this challenge in Drosophila, we developed the Sip-Triggered Optogenetic Behavior Enclosure (“STROBE”). The STROBE is a closed-looped system for real-time optogenetic activation of feeding flies, designed to evoke neural excitation coincident with food contact. We demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation of sweet sensory neurons in the STROBE drives attraction to tasteless food, while activation of bitter sensory neurons promotes avoidance. Moreover, feeding behavior in the STROBE is modified by the fly’s internal state, as well as the presence of chemical taste ligands. We also find that mushroom body dopaminergic neurons and their respective post-synaptic partners drive opposing feeding behaviors following activation. Together, these results establish the STROBE as a new tool for dissecting fly feeding circuits and suggest a role for mushroom body circuits in processing naïve taste responses.

Flexible and fully implantable upconversion device for wireless optogenetic stimulation of the spinal cord in behaving animals

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2406-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Kai Xie ◽  
Haibing Yue ◽  
Xian Chen ◽  
Xuan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tissue ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Neural Modulation ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Stimulation Of

A flexible, implantable upconversion device is reported as an all-optical solution for wireless optogenetic stimulation of spinal cord tissue in freely moving rodents, adding to the current toolsets of wireless optogenetics giving possibilities for remote neural modulation.

scholarly journals PiVR: an affordable and versatile closed-loop platform to study unrestrained sensorimotor behavior

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tadres ◽  
Matthieu Louis
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Orientation Behavior ◽  
Systems Neuroscience ◽  
Optogenetic Stimulation ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Odor Plumes ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractTools enabling closed-loop experiments are crucial to delineate causal relationships between the activity of genetically-labeled neurons and specific behaviors. We developed the Raspberry PiVirtual Reality system (PiVR) to conduct closed-loop optogenetic stimulation of neural functions in unrestrained animals. PiVR is an experimental platform that operates at high-temporal resolution (>50 Hz) with low latencies (~10 ms), while being affordable (<$500) and easy to build (<6 hours). This tool was designed to be accessible to a wide public, from highschool students to professional researchers studying systems neuroscience. We illustrate the functionality of PiVR by focusing on sensory navigation in response to gradients of chemicals (chemotaxis) and light (phototaxis). We show how Drosophila flies perform negative chemotaxis by modulating their locomotor speed to avoid locations associated with optogenetically-evoked bitter taste. In Drosophila larvae, we use innate positive chemotaxis to compare orientation behavior elicited by real- and virtual-odor gradients with static shapes as well as by turbulent virtual-odor plumes. Finally, we examine how positive phototaxis emerges in zebrafish larvae from the modulation of turning maneuvers during the ascent of virtual white-light gradients. Besides its application to study chemotaxis and phototaxis, PiVR is a versatile tool designed to bolster efforts to map and to functionally characterize neural circuits.

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