scholarly journals Ultrasonograph and Clinical Quantitative Characterization of Tendinopathy by Modified Splitting in a Goat Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
A. Kavaguchi De Grandis ◽  
C. Boulocher ◽  
E. Viguier ◽  
T. Roger ◽  
S. Sawaya
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Functional Score ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anechoic Area ◽  
Surgically Induced

A tendinopathy is a clinical condition characterized by activity-related pain, focal tendons tenderness, and intratendinous imaging changes. This study characterizes a surgically induced tendinopathy in a goat model with a noninvasivein vivolongitudinal followup based on physical examination and US. Cross-sectional area (CSA) is the most objective feature for the evaluation of tendinopathy in correlation with clinical findings. The deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) of the left hind limb of six goats was isolated and scarified by a modified splitting. Pain and lameness at walk and trot were evaluated. External width and thickness of tendon region were measured by calipers. CSA and the ratio lesion/tendon CSA were obtained at days 0, 7, 21, 42, and 84 by US. The highest value of global functional score was obtained at day 7, then decreased until day 40 and was not significantly different from day 0 at the end of the study. The external width recovered a normal value at the end of the study, but the external thickness was still significantly increased (P<0.05). Peritendinous oedema was observed at day 7, but intratendinous lesions were visible only at day 21 as a focal hypo to anechoic area. At day 84, two tendons still presented visible lesions. US examination was reproducible, specific, and provided complementary information to the global functional score. A standardized focal tendinopathy was induced in goats. This experimental model of focal tendinopathy could be used to study the effect of different treatments.

scholarly journals Interpretation of the Directional Properties of Voluntarily Modulated Human Ankle Mechanical Impedance

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ho ◽  
Hyunglae Lee ◽  
Mohammad A. Rastgaar ◽  
Hermano Igo Krebs ◽  
Neville Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Mechanical Impedance ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
General Representation ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Ankle Impedance ◽  
Human Ankle ◽  
Electromyographic Recording

This article presents the results of two in-vivo studies providing measurements of human static ankle mechanical impedance. Accurate measurements of ankle impedance when muscles were voluntarily activated were obtained using a therapeutic robot, Anklebot, and an electromyographic recording system. Important features of ankle impedance, and their variation with muscle activity, are discussed, including magnitude, symmetry and directions of minimum and maximum impedance. Voluntary muscle activation has a significant impact on ankle impedance, increasing it by up to a factor of three in our experiments. Furthermore, significant asymmetries and deviations from a linear two-spring model are present in many subjects, indicating that ankle impedance has a complex and individually idiosyncratic structure. We propose the use of Fourier series as a general representation, providing both insight and a precise quantitative characterization of human static ankle impedance.

scholarly journals Flexor tendon repair: a comparative study between a knotless barbed suture repair and a traditional four-strand monofilament suture repair

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Joyce ◽  
K. E. Whately ◽  
J. C. Chan ◽  
M. Murphy ◽  
F. J. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Tendon Repair ◽  
Barbed Suture ◽  
Suture Repair ◽  
Flexor Tendon Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulley System ◽  
Suture Group

We compared the tensile strength of a novel knotless barbed suture method with a traditional four-strand Adelaide technique for flexor tendon repairs. Forty fresh porcine flexor tendons were transected and randomly assigned to one of the repair groups before repair. Biomechanical testing demonstrated that the tensile strengths between both tendon groups were very similar. However, less force was required to create a 2 mm gap in the four-strand repair method compared with the knotless barbed technique. There was a significant reduction in the cross-sectional area in the barbed suture group after repair compared with the Adelaide group. This would create better gliding within the pulley system in vivo and could decrease gapping and tendon rupture.

Study of HgTe-cdTe Multilayer Structures by Transmission Electron Microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Otsuka ◽  
Y. E. Ihm ◽  
K. A. Harris ◽  
J. W. Cook ◽  
J. F. Schetzina
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Structures ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plan View ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Lattice Matched

ABSTRACTA transmission electron microscope study of HqTe-CdTe multilayer structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (100) Cd Zn Te is presented. Both cross-sectional and plain-view observations show highly reaular structures of superlattices and tunnel structures. Dislocation densities estimated by Plan-view observations are of the order of 104 cm−2 in these multilayer structures. A quantitative characterization of interface sharpness of superlattices has been carried out by intensity analysis of satellite spots in electron diffraction patterns. It is shown that interfaces in these superlattices are hichly abrupt with a width of one or two monolayers. These observations suggest the effectiveness of the use of lattice-matched substrates to qrow high quality HgTe-CdTe multilayer structures.

Conformational and Quantitative Characterization of Oritavancin–Peptidoglycan Complexes in Whole Cells of Staphylococcus aureus by in Vivo 13C and 15N Labeling

2006 ◽  
Vol 357 (4) ◽  
pp. 1253-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Cegelski ◽  
Dirk Steuber ◽  
Anil K. Mehta ◽  
Daniel W. Kulp ◽  
Paul H. Axelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
15N Labeling

scholarly journals Quantitative characterization of mechanically indented in vivo human skin in adults and infants using optical coherence tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 034001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pin-Chieh Huang ◽  
Paritosh Pande ◽  
Ryan L. Shelton ◽  
Frank Joa ◽  
Dave Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Quantitative Characterization

Characterization of an elastase-induced emphysema model in immune-deficient rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Becerra ◽  
Sydney Jeffs ◽  
Gregory Wojtkiewicz ◽  
Harald Ott
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Hounsfield Units ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
The Mean

Abstract OBJECTIVES Emphysema affects millions of patients worldwide. Cell transplantation and tissue engineering are promising approaches for the regeneration of gas exchange tissue in vivo. A reproducible and resource-efficient animal model with relevant pathological and physiological features is critical to assess efficacy of novel therapies. Here, we share a method for rapid development of emphysema in an adaptive immune-deficient rat with &lt;5% mortality, which is ideal for high-throughput human cell-based experimentation. METHODS Porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) was intratracheally administered to male RNU rats. Rats were monitored for 21 days after which subjects underwent lung computed tomography (CT) scans. Rats were then weighed, intubated and mechanically ventilated to measure dynamic compliance. After sacrifice, lungs were fixed, and histological sections were quantitatively assessed for emphysematous changes. RESULTS A single instillation of elastase was enough to produce anatomic and physiological evidence of emphysema. Weight change for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly lower than controls (P = 0.028 and P = 0.043, respectively). Compliance values for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly higher than controls (P = 0.037 and P = 0.006, respectively). Lung hyperlucency was confirmed by CT with mean Hounsfield units for a dose of 32 units PPE/100 g being significantly lower than controls (P &lt; 0.001). The mean linear intersect for doses of 16 and 32 units PPE/100 g were significantly higher than controls (both P &lt; 0.001). All reported P-values are one-sided. CONCLUSIONS We present an efficient method for emphysema development in immune-deficient rats as a tool to evaluate human biological therapeutics. Changes in dynamic compliance, histology and cross-sectional imaging recapitulate human emphysema.

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